At present, microbe surface display system mainly involves phage surface display system, bacte- rial surface display system, yeast surface display system and virus surface display system. Baculovirus sur- face display system is a new type of eukaryote surface display system which developed based on deeply un- derstanding of construction and function of virus genome in recent years. Through fused expression with vi- ral capsid or membrane proteins exogenous peptides can be displayed on the surface of the virus and formed hedgehog-shape "fake virus". Baculovirus surface display system was characterized by safeness and high performance, furthermore, this system can complete post-translation processing and modification of protein to enhance the bioactivity of exogenous product. Combined with the author’s experimental work, this paper briefly introduces the mechanism and traits of this system and summarizes the newest research development on its application in the field of monoclonal antibody preparation, new-type vaccine development, genes transduction and genes therapy. It is believed that the system above may show extensive application through further improvement and optimization.

Objective To study the association between functional genetic polymorphisms of IL-1B(T-31C,C-511T),IL-1RN and the susceptibility to gastric cancers. Methods A case-control study was conducted in 180 gastric cancer cases and 308 age-and sex-matched cancer-free controls.Genotypes were detected by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism(PCR-RFLP) assays,and association between genotypes,environmental factors and risk of gastric cancers were determined. Results IL-1B T-31C was in strong linkage disequilibrium with IL-1B C-511T(D'=0.862,R2= 0.721,P=0.000).Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that the variant genotypes of IL-1B T-31C and C-511T were not significantly associated with risks for gastric cancers(adjusted OR,0.95 and 95% CI,0.62-1.47 for IL-1B T-31C;and adjusted OR,0.85 and 95% CI,0.55-1.31 for IL-1B C-511T).The variant genotypes(1/2,2/2) in IL-1RN were associated with a non-significantly increased risks for gastric cancers(adjusted OR,1.32 and 95% CI,0.71-2.36) in all subjects and with a significantly increased risks for gastric cancers in subjects with H.pylori infection(adjusted OR,2.03 and 95%CI,1.02-4.80).Conclusion The functional genetic polymorphisms of IL-1RN may contribute to the risks of gastric cancers in high-risk population,particularly in those with H.pylori infection.

Objective To analyze effect of the syphilis prevention and control work among female sex workers(FSWs), and provide reference data for target intervention in Guangdong province.Methods Syphilis prevalence among FSWs from 2009 to 2013 were analyzed statistically based on the data from Guangdong Provincial high-risk groups in sexually transmit-ted infection(STI)control program.Results A total of 34 338 FSWs were detected,including 23 816(69.36%)FSWs at the high-tier venues,8 811(25.66%)middle-tier,and 1 711(4.98%)low tier.The syphilis prevalence of FSWs at high-, middle-,and low-tier venues in 2009 was 2.60%,7.36%,and 10.54% respectively,and in 2013 was 1.45%,2.75%,and 21.88% respectively.Chi-square test showed a downward trend in the prevalence of syphilis among the high and middle tier FSWs in 2009-2013(χ2 =12.807,52.333 respectively,both P <0.001),and remained high among FSWs at low-tier venues(χ2 =0.027,P =0.87).The difference in syphilis prevalence in 2013 among FSWs from different types of venues was statistically significant (χ2 =190.64,P <0.001 ).No significant difference in syphilis prevalence was found among FSWs from Pearl River Delta,eastern,western and northern Guangdong(χ2 =5.24,P =0.07).Conclusion Significant difference is found in prevalence of syphilis among FSWs from different types of settings.FSWs from low-tier settings have a relatively lower syphilis testing rate but with higher infection rate.

A novel reverse emulsification-phase transition process was designed to prepare alginate-based nanocapsules in the present study. Ca alginate nanocapsules with an average hydrodynamic diameter below 300 nm were obtained by adjusting surfactant and alginate concentration. Instrumental analysis observations revealed a morphologically spherical shape with a relatively uniform size distribution without aggregation.?-potential measurements indicated an topically electrostatically negative nature of capsules in neutral aqueous solution. These nanocapsules were proven to have an equivalent potency to stimulate the maturation of dendritic cells originated from CD14 positive cells isolated from human peripheral blood. Protein loading via covalent conjugation was demonstrated feasible with EDC/NHS facilitated reaction between carboxyl and amino groups. These nanocapsules are considered to have important applications as a new adjuvant in cancer cell therapy, vaccine design and targeted drug delivery for active components of protein nature.

Continuing medical education refers to the completion of basic medical education for inservice education,which is to guarantee the sustainable development of physicians in clinical and scientific research ability,and is the essential means to safeguard and improve the level of medical treatment.Traditional continuing medical education is given priority to the form of regularly organize workshops,so it has some limitations to oral and maxillofacial surgery.MOOC teaching is a kind of large-scale open new online teaching mode.This study provides an overview of the MOOC development,characteristics and development situation in the medical teaching.The necessity and feasibility of MOOC based teaching protocol in oral and maxillofacial surgery continuing medical education has been discussed.And curriculum transformation,construction of education model and possible challenges have also been analyzed and discussed in this paper.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the outcomes of surgical treatment and the prognostic factors of long-term survival for obstructing left colorectal cancer.

METHODSClinicopathological and follow-up data of 93 patients with obstructing left colorectal cancer undergoing surgical treatment from January 2001 to December 2006 in the Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Qingdao University were analyzed retrospectively.

RESULTSThere were 53 males and 40 females. The median age was 61 years old. Fifty-one patients had concurrent medical condition. Radical resection was performed in 67 patients, including one-stage resection (n=21), Hartmann procedure (n=35), and Miles procedure (n=11). Surgery was palliative in 26 patients, including diverting stoma (n=14), bypass surgery (n=7), and palliative resection (n=5). All the 93 patients were followed up. The 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival rates were 94%, 59%, and 38%, respectively. Univariate and multivariate analyses showed that radical resection, TNM staging, and preoperative level of carcinoembryonic antigen were independent prognostic factors (all P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONSRadical resection, TNM stage, and preoperative CEA level are prognostic factors of obstructing left colorectal cancer. Early diagnosis, radical resection, and selection of appropriate surgical procedure are helpful to prolong survival time of patients with obstructing left colorectal cancer.

Adult ; Aged ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Colorectal Surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Intestinal Obstruction ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Multivariate Analysis ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies

OBJECTIVETo analyze the prognostic factors in elderly patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML).

METHODSThe clinical data of 211 AML patients with age 55 years or over and treated in Shanghai Jiaotong University Medical School affiliated Ruijin Hospital from 2007 to 2011 were collected and analyzed. Multivariate and univariate analysis of clinical data were performed using a Cox regression model and log-rank test, including age, subtype, performance status, white blood cell count, serum LDH and albumin level, and treatment strategy.

RESULTSAcute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) patients had longer survival than other subtypes. To rule out the impact of APL on the prognostic analysis, we conducted multivariate and univariate analysis excluding APL patients. The significant parameters of the univariate analysis were age (P = 0.003), achieving remission (P < 0.01), performance status (P < 0.01), organ dysfunction (P < 0.01), increased WBC counts (P = 0.022), increased LDH level (P = 0.006) and low albumin level (P < 0.01). Multivariate analysis showed that only failure of achieving remission (P < 0.01), poor performance status (ECOG 3-4) (P < 0.01) and increased WBC counts (P < 0.01) were independent prognostic factors. The patients aged 70 years or over had poor overall survival, and no significant difference of OS was observed among patients with age between 55 and 69 years. For patients aged 55 - 69 years received either DA/IA or CAG treatments had longer survival than those with palliative treatments. For those aged 70 years or over, only patients with CAG treatment had significantly longer survival than palliative treatment. For the patients with age less than 70 years and achieving complete remission after induction, intermediate-dose cytarabine consolidation might not improve survival.

CONCLUSIONElderly AML patients should be treated individually. The intermediate-dose cytarabine consolidation might not improve survival of elderly AML patients.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Female ; Humans ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Survival Rate

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the feasibility and safety of laparoscopic and endoscopic cooperative surgery for treating gastric gastrointestinal stromal tumors(GIST).

METHODSRetrospective analysis was performed on the clinical data of 46 patients with gastric GIST undergoing laparoscopic and endoscopic cooperative surgery between June 2009 and June 2011 at the Renji Hospital of Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine.

RESULTSThere were 27 males and 19 females with the mean age of 58.5 years. Thirty-three patients received endoscopy-assisted wedge resection, and 13 cases received laparoscopy-assisted endoscopic resection. All the operations were successful. The mean operative time was (85.5±29.3) min, the mean blood loss was (31.4±12.2) ml, the mean post-operative gastrointestinal functional recovery time was (31.6±14.9) h, and the mean post-operative hospital stay was (5.1±2.9) d. No post-operative complication occurred. NIH risk assessment showed that 34 cases were very low risk and 12 low risk. No recurrence or metastasis was found during the follow-up ranging from 2 to 26 months(median, 12.6 months).

CONCLUSIONLaparoscopic and endoscopic cooperative surgery for gastric GIST is both feasible and safe with minimal invasiveness, fast recovery and satisfactory short-term outcomes.

Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors ; surgery ; Gastroscopy ; Humans ; Laparoscopy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Stomach Neoplasms ; surgery ; Treatment Outcome

The glyoxylate cycle was hypothesed to be indispensable for glutamate overproduction in coryneform bacteria, for it was thought to fulfill anaplerotic functions and to supply energy during the growth phase. During glutamate overproduction phase, however, it has been noted that the high level of the cycle is detrimental to the glutamate production. In order to clarify the relationship between the glutamate production and the glyoxylate cycle, a chromosomal aceA-disrupted mutant of wild-type C. glutamicum ATCC 13032 was constructed. The isocitrate lyase (ICL) activity of the parental strain was 0.011 u/mg of protein and reached 1.980 u/mg of protein after acetate induction; the mutant strain WTdeltaA, however, had no detectable ICL activity and was no longer able to grow on minimal medium with acetate as the sole carbon source. Compared with the wild-type C. glutamicum WT, the mutant strain WTdeltaA, exhibited the same growth rate with glucose as the sole carbon source, indicating glyoxylate cycle is not required for its growth on glucose. On the contrary, the glutamate production in WTdeltaA was severely impaired and more residual glucose was found in the fermentation broth at the end of fermentation with the mutant strain than with the wild-type strain. Further investigations into the relationship between the glutamate production and the glyoxylate cycle are under the way, which may help to elucidate the mechanism of glutamate overproduction.
Corynebacterium glutamicum ; genetics ; growth & development ; metabolism ; Culture Media ; Fermentation ; Glucose ; metabolism ; Glutamic Acid ; biosynthesis ; Glyoxylates ; metabolism ; Isocitrate Lyase ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo explore the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of prostatic malignant mesenchymal tumors (PMMT).

METHODSWe retrospectively analyzed the clinical and follow-up data about 20 cases of PMMT and reviewed the literature relevant to the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of the disease.

RESULTSBased on the results of pathology and immunohistochemistry, the 20 PMMT cases included leiomyosarcoma (n = 7), rhabdomyosarcoma (n = 5), prostatic stromal sarcoma (n = 3), chondrosarcoma (n = 1), and undifferentiated PMMT (n = 4). Twelve of the patients were treated by radical prostatectomy (3 concurrently by sigmoid colostomy and 1 by cystostomy), 2 by pelvic tumor resection following arterial embolization, 1 by total pelvic exenteration, 1 by colostomy with pelvic lymph node biopsy, and 4 by conservative therapy because of metastasis to the lung, pelvis and bone. Of the 20 patients, 9 died of systemic metastasis within 3 months after treatment, 3 died at 6, 7, and 14 months, respectively, 3 survived with tumor for 5, 11, and 12 months, respectively, 2 survived without tumor for 12 and 24 months so far, all subjected to periodic chemotherapy postoperatively, and 3 lost to follow-up.

CONCLUSIONPMMT is a tumor of high malignancy and rapid progression, for which transrectal ultrasound-guided biopsy remains the main diagnostic method. The clinical stage of the tumor is an important factor influencing its prognosis and the survival rate of the patients can be improved by early diagnosis and combined therapy dominated by radical prostatectomy.

Combined Modality Therapy ; methods ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Male ; Mesenchymoma ; mortality ; pathology ; therapy ; Prognosis ; Prostatectomy ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; mortality ; pathology ; therapy ; Retrospective Studies