Objective To investigate the changes and significance of serum nitric oxide levels in the early stage after rat liver transplantation.Methods Male Sprague Dawley rats were used as do- nors and recipients of orthotopic liver transplantation,and the time of cold preservation and anhepatic phase was 4 h and 25 min respectively.Forty-eight rats were randomly divided into groups A,B and C (n=16 each).The samples of blood were taken from vena cava and hepatic tissues from left lobe 2 h, 4 h,6 h in groups A,B and C respectively after liver graft reperfusion.ALT and NO levels in serum were detected,and the expression of NF-?B in hepatic tissue was examined by immunohistochemical technique.Amounts of bile flow in 5 min after liver graft reperfused initially were measured.The pathological changes in liver tissues were observed.Results Amounts of bile flow in 5 min in group A (3.73?1.11?l) were greater than those group B (2.35?0.92?l) and group C (2.23?0.81?l) (P

According to the correlative analyses on Chinese medicine essence, dosage forms and quality control level, it expounds the precise concept of Chinese medicine, and its quality advantages and characteristics in this paper, furthermore discusses how to achieve the ideal drugs and Chinese medicine quality precision in expectation. Base on the Chinese medicine essence, using the concept of nature medicine and its drug system to construct Chinese medicine effective material basis and its drugs, with the correlative analyses of whole view and reductionism, the problems of uncertainty quality of original natural medicinal resources and preparations may well be solved, and further with the macroscopic to microcosmic construction of drug system, the precision in expectations of Chinese medicine quality and higher production lever may well be achieved.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; standards ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Precision Medicine ; Quality Control

Objective To evaluate the value of contrast enhanced MR imaging (CEMRI)for the diagnosis of focal liver lesions with Meta analysis.Methods Relevant English and Chinese language studies were searched on the Pubmed,EMBASE,EBSCO,OV-ID,CNKI,CBM,VIP,WANFANG databases,respectively.Data were calculated with software of STATA 1 1.0 and Meta Disc 1.4. Results 1 7 of 2836 retrieved studies were included,the pooled sensitivity and specificity for CEMRI with 95% confidence interval (95%CI)were 0.85(0.84-0.87)and 0.86(0.84-0.88),respectively,the AUC of SROC was 0.91 6 8.Conclusion CEMRI can be used as one of the primary examination modalities for focal liver lesions with moderate sensitivity and specificity.

Objective To explore the relationship between 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3(1,25-VD3)and alveolar fluid clearance(AFC)in mice in vivo,and investigate its effects in the process of lung fluid clearance. Methods KM male mice were treated with active vitamin D analogue parical-citol(daily i.p. injection)for 2 weeks,and then the in vivo AFC of these mice was measured by bovine serum albumin protein assays. western blot was applied to determine epithelial sodium channel protein levels in lungs of these mice. Results In vivo total AFC was 31.9%±3.8%in vitamin D-treated mice,and significantly lower in the vehicle-treated controls(19.7%±1.9%,P<0.05). Amiloride-sensitive AFC was increased approximate-ly 50%by vitamin D. western blot showed that the expression ofα-epithelial sodium channel was significantly elevated in paricalcitol-treated mouse lungs. Conclusion These observations suggest that vitamin D augments AFC in mice,which may be related to the augment of epithelial sodium channel protein expression. The clinical application of vitamin D therapy may ameliorate pulmonary edema of patients.

OBJECTIVETo analyze effects of fracture of processus styloideus ulnae on prognosis in the treatment of distal radial fracture of type C according to AO classification.

METHODSThis was a retrospective case-control study, and the information was got ten through case evaluation and follow-up, including sex, age, patient satisfaction, Gartland & Werley score and radiographic score. There were 76 patient treated with open reduction and plate fixation in People's Hospital Affiliated to Peking University from July 2006 to July 2011. All the patients were divided into two groups: no combination with fracture of processus styloideus ulnae (group A, 56 cases), combination with fracture of processus styloideus ulnae (group B, 20 cases). The patients in group A and B were treated with open reduction and internal fixation; however the fracture of processus styloideus ulnae was not fixed. The indexes such as clinical data, bone grafting, joint movement, Gartland & Werley score and radiographic score were compared between two groups.

RESULTSThe ulnaris pain of patients in group B was more obvious than that in group A. The local VAS, palmar and dorsal flexion degree of wrist joint, motion VAS, patients satisfaction score, radial and ulnar deviation degree, pronation and supination of forearm degree, Gartland & Werley score and radiographic score were separately 0.1 ± 0.1, (51.1 ± 1.9)°, (60.2 ± 1.9)°, 0.6 ± 0.1 (23.1 ± 0.9)°, (28.7 ± 1.3)° (81.5 ± 2.6)°, (68.2 ± 2.7)° 1.9 ± 0.3, 89.6 ± 12.3 in group A; and separately 0.3 ± 0.3, (51.4 ± 2.3)°, (66.6 ± 1.7)°, 0.5 ± 0.2, (24.5 ± 2.0)°, (26.9 ± 1.8)°, (80.3 ± 2.5)°, (70.3 ± 3.7)°, 1.2 ± 0.4, 92.5 ± 7.5 in group B; there were no statistical differences in above indexes between two groups.

CONCLUSIONWhether the distal radial fracture with a concomitant unrepaired ulnar styloid fracture or not exerts no influence on mainly outcomes including function, radiography and motion of the wrist.

Bone Plates ; Case-Control Studies ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; methods ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prognosis ; Radius Fractures ; surgery ; Retrospective Studies ; Ulna Fractures ; surgery

In order to develop characteristic folk medicine resources in Jiangxi, a pharmacognostical study was systematically performed for four different origin plants of Sikuaiwa, the result of study provides the microscopic features of powder and tissue of the crude drug. The research provided reference for the identification of Sikuaiwa, as well as a theoretical basis for the further development and the formulation of quality standards.
Magnoliopsida ; anatomy & histology ; chemistry ; growth & development ; Medicine, Traditional ; Plants, Medicinal ; anatomy & histology ; chemistry ; growth & development

Objective: To investigate the role of NF-?B in signal transduction of hepatocyte apoptosis in liver injury. Methods: A total of 42 Chang-Bai piglets were divided into 7 groups: control group, 1, 2, 4, 8, 12, and 24 hours wound group. The model of intestinal perforations due to abdominal firearm wound was established in wound groups. Hepatic NF-?B activity was measured with immunohistochemical staining and image analysis in all groups. Hepatocyte apoptosis indexes and serum ALT levels were also determined. Results: Levels of hepatic NF-?B activity in wounded groups were significantly elevated compared with control group, and there were two peaks (1 and 8 hours group P

Two short interfering RNAs (siRNA-RdRp1286, siRNA-RdRp1441) and one short interfering RNA (siRNA-OCP117), targeted to the RNA dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) gene and outer capsid protein (OCP) gene of Grass carp reovirus (GCRV) respectively, were chemically synthesized and transfected into the CIK cells by lipofectamine 2000. 6 hours after transfection, the transfected CIK cells were challenged with GCRV. The culture media were collected at 48h post challenge and the virus was titrated in microculture system to evaluate the inhibition effect on GCRV replication mediated by siRNAs. Referring to the mRNA level of housekeeping gene beta-actin, RT-PCR was applied to detect the level of GCRV mRNA in transfected and challenged CIK cells. The results showed that the viral titer (lgTCID50/0. 1mL) in siRNA-RdRp1286, siRNA-RdRp1441 and siRNA-OCP117 transfected CIK cells were 4.41 +/- 0.16, 3.83 +/- 0.44 and 1.94 +/- 0.42 respectively, which were significantly lower than that in virus infection positive control (7.92 +/- 0.52) (P < 0.01). No significant change in viral titer was observed in the group transfected with siRNA negative control after challenged with GCRV (7.50 +/- 0.17, P > 0.05). Compared with the mRNA transcriptional level of beta-actin gene in virus infection positive control, the mRNA levels of GCRV in siRNA-RdRpl 286, siRNA-RdRp1 441 and siRNA-OCP117 transfected CIK cells were reduced significantly and the inhibition rate reached to (82.08 +/- 2.15)%, (89.19 +/- 1.14).% and (92.62 +/- 0.17)%, respectively. The mRNA level of GCRV in the siRNA negative control group had no noticeable change (P > 0 05).
Animals ; Carps ; virology ; Cells, Cultured ; RNA, Small Interfering ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Reoviridae ; drug effects ; genetics ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Virus Replication ; drug effects

Objective To evaluate the value of CT guided percutaneous transthoracic needle biopsy (PTNB) for the diagnosis of lung ground‐glass opacity (GGO) with a Meta‐analysis .Methods Relevant English and Chinese language studies were searched on the PubMed ,EMBASE ,EBSCO ,OVID ,CNKI ,CBM ,VIP and WANFANG databases ,respectively .Data were calculated with software of Stata 12 .0 and Meta‐Disc 1 .4 .Results 6 of 82 retrieved studies were included (n=341) .The pooled sensitivity ,specifici‐ty ,LR+ ,LR- ,DOR ,AUC and 95% CI were 0 .92(0 .86-0 .95) ,0 .98(0 .85-1 .00) ,49 .03(5 .72-420 .18) ,0 .08(0 .05-0 .15) , 586 .24(65 .18-5 272 .83) and 0 .99(0 .98-1 .00) ,respectively .Conclusion CT guided PTNB can be used as one of the primary examination modalities for lung GGO with moderate sensitivity and specificity .

AIMTo investigate the effects of 1 alpha hydroxylase and serum calcium on the expression of 24-hydroxylase gene in mice kidney.

METHODSMice with targeted deletion of the 25-hydroxyvitamin D 1 alpha hydroxylase gene(1alpha (OH)ase-/-), and the vitamin D receptor gene (VDR-/-) were used. The study of each mutant had two groups which were (1) mutant with high calcium diet, which maintained fertility but left mice hypocalcaemia; (2) mutant with high lactose diet, which normalized calcium in two mutant. Mice in same litter were as control. There were six groups in total and each group had five mice. All mice were killed at 10-week-old. Serum calcium was determined by an autoanalyzer. RNA was isolated from mouse kidney and the express of 1 alpha hydroxylase gene and 24-Hydroxylase gene were studied by RT-PCR.

RESULTSOn the high calcium intake, all mutant animals were hypocalcaemia (1alpha (OH)ase-/- (78 +/- 10.4) mg/L, P < 0.05; VDR-/- (68 +/- 9.8) mg/L, P < 0.05. WT (111 +/- 16.5 mg/L), but when the high lactose diet was administered, serum calcium levels in two mutant mice rose to wild-type levels. The 1 alpha hydroxylase gene was expressed at very higher levels in the vitamin D receptor mutant mice than in wild-type mice when animals received a high calcium intake; This was reduced by eliminating hypocalcaemia with the high lactose diet. Expression of the 24(OH)ase gene was extremely down-regulated in two mutant mice on the high calcium diet but was restored to wild-type levels on the high lactose diet.

CONCLUSIONThe express of 24-hydroxylase gene was directly regulated by serum calcium rather than 1 alpha-hydroxylase. These studies indicate that both the serum calcium and 1 alpha-hydroxylase exert effects on the expression of 24-hydroxylase gene, but 1 alpha-hydroxylase take the effects by elevated the concentration of serum calcium. There are no direct interaction between 1 alpha-hydroxylase gene and 24-hydroxylase gene.

25-Hydroxyvitamin D3 1-alpha-Hydroxylase ; genetics ; Animals ; Calcium ; blood ; Gene Expression ; Mice ; Mice, Knockout ; Serum ; chemistry ; Steroid Hydroxylases ; genetics ; metabolism ; Vitamin D3 24-Hydroxylase