Manganese peroxidase (MnP), a crucial enzyme in lignin degradation, has wide potential applications in environmental protection. However, large-scale industrial application of this enzyme is limited due to several factors primarily related to cost and availability. Special attention has been paid to the production of MnP from inexpensive sources, such as lignocellulosic residues, using solid-state fermentation (SSF) systems. In the present study, a suitable SSF medium for the production of MnP by Schizophyllum sp. F17 from agro-industrial residues has been optimized. The mixed solid medium, comprising pine sawdust, rice straw, and soybean powder at a ratio of 0.52:0.15:0.33, conferred a maximum enzyme activity of 11.18 U/g on the sixth day of SSF. The results show that the use of wastes such as pine sawdust and rice straw makes the enzyme production more economical as well as helps solve environmental problems.
Culture Media ; Fermentation ; Industrial Microbiology ; methods ; Oryza ; Peroxidases ; biosynthesis ; Schizophyllum ; enzymology ; Wood

Objective: To investigate the cause and preventive measures of positive stump in gastrectomy for gastric cancer. Methods: Nine hundred forty-six patients performed with gastrectomy for gastric carcinoma had been collected from January 1998 to May 2009, the ratio of positive stump was analyzed retrospectively. Results: The rate of positive stump of gastrectomy was 6.24%(59/946). Statistical difference was found between the rate of radical and palliative gastrectomy(P0.05). Conclusion: The rate of positive stump was higher in palliative gastrectomy, Borrmann Ⅲ～IV type, low differentiated cancer and those cases with metastatic lymph nodes more than seven. To prevent the occurrence of positive stump in gastrectomy for gastric cancer, gastroscopy and barium meal should be carried out, enough length between incisal margin and tumor edge should be kept and frozen biopsy should be done.

Objective To evaluate the role of multidetector CT(MDCT) and high magnetic field MRI in diagnosis of small cystic-solid renal mass. Methods Fifty-two cases with small renal cystic-solid mass(≤3 cm) were consecutively collected,including small cystic-solid renal cell carcinoma(n=25),carcinoid(n=1),complex cysts(n=16),small angiomyolipoma(n=7) and benign cystic nephroma(n=3).All were examined by both 1.5T MRI and multidetector CT at intervals between 3 days and 2 months. Results All cases were proved by pathology.Multi-planar reconstruction techniques were useful for MDCT in differentiating small cystic-solid renal mass,with the sensitivity of 98.1%,which was as high as MRI.However,the accuracy for MDCT was 71.2%,significantly lower than that of MRI(90.4%)(P=0.001).MRI helped to identify the components and structure of renal masses,and behaved better in the detection of pseudo-capsule of renal cell carcinoma(57.7%).Conclusion High magnetic field MRI may play an important role in the diagnosis of small renal cystic-solid masses,and it may be feasible as a noninvasive examination when CT can not make the ultimate determination.

AIM: To discuss the safety of hands chopping phacoemulsification in patients with microcoria cataract.METHODS:Hands chopping phacoemulsification with intraocular lens implantation was used for the microcoria cataract of 30 patients ( 32 eyes ) . Their visual acuity, pupil, and complication were observed in postoperative 1d,1wk and 1mo.
RESULTS: Postoperative naked vision be or more than 0. 3 were in 27 eyes (84. 4%) at one day, be or more than 0. 3 were in 30 eyes (93. 8%) at one week, be or more than 0. 5 were in 28 eyes (87. 5%) at one month. All pupil returned to round or oval. No synechia happened in postoperative 1mo.
CONCLUSION:Hands chopping nucleus operation is safe and effective for uveitis combined with microcoria phacoemulsification.

Objective To evaluate whether estradiol can inhibit and cure the inflammation of experimental preeclampsia in rats. Methods Experimental preeclampsia was induced in 14-day-pregnant rats by infusion of endotoxin (1.0 ?g/kg). Rats with normal pregnancy were infused with sodium chloride solution.A group of preeclampsia rats was injected with 17?-estradiol (17?-E_2, 1 mg?kg -1 ?d -1 ). Blood pressure, albuminuria,inflammation associated adhesion molecule CD_ 49d and tumor necrosis factor-?(TNF-?) were assessed. Results On pregnant day 19, for normal pregnancy group(group C) the blood pressure was (120.4?2.0)mm Hg (1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa),urinary protein (0.47?0.06)mg/24 hours;for experimental preeclampsia group(group A) blood pressure was (134.2?2.4) mm Hg,urinary protein(0.79?0.10)mg/24 hours; for experimental preeclampsia with 17?-E_2 treatment group (group B) blood pressure was(123.3?1.7)mm Hg,urinary protein (0.51?0.08)mg/24 hours. A significant increase of blood pressure and urinary albumin was observed in group A. CD_ 49d expression and TNF-? concentration were also increased. 17?-E_2 reduced the expression of CD_ 49d , concentration of TNF-?,blood pressure and albuminuria of experimental preeclampsia. However, the weight of fetuses in 17?-E_2 treatment group were less than that in other groups. Conclusion 17?-E_2 can improve the symptoms of experimental preeclampsia,but its effects on fetus need to be further studied.

OBJECTIVETo compare the clinical effects of circumcision and the foreskin-deglove plus shaft-fix (FDSF) procedure in the treatment of phimosis or redundant prepuce in obese adult males (body mass index [BMI] ≥ 28 kg/m²).

METHODSForty-four obese adult men with phimosis or redundant prepuce underwent circumcision (n = 24) or FDSF (n = 20) according to their own wishes. The patients in the circumcision and FDSF groups were aged (26.38 ± 4.24) and (26.90 ± 3.14) years, with BMIs of (27.77 ± 0.77) and (28.07 ± 2.28) kg/m² and penis lengths of (3.51 ± 0.46) and (3.50 ± 0.59) cm, respectively. The operations were performed under local anesthesia with lidocaine plus ropivacaine mesylate.

RESULTSThe operation time of circumcision was (28.04 ± 2.65) min and that of FDSF was (45.45 ± 3.49) min. At 6 months after surgery, normal penile erection was found in all the patients, the penis length was significantly longer in the FDSF than in the circumcision group ([5.01 ± 0.73] vs [3.70 ± 0.47] cm) , and the rate of satisfaction with penile appearance was markedly higher in the former than in the latter group (3.25 ± 0.71 vs 2.83 ± 0.56).

CONCLUSIONThe foreskin-deglove plus shaft-fix procedure under local anesthesia with lidocaine and ropivacaine mesylate may achieve desirable penile erection and appearance in the treatment of phimosis or redundant prepuce in obese adult patients.

Adult ; Amides ; Anesthetics, Local ; Body Mass Index ; Circumcision, Male ; methods ; Foreskin ; abnormalities ; surgery ; Humans ; Lidocaine ; Male ; Mesylates ; Obesity ; complications ; Operative Time ; Penile Erection ; Penis ; abnormalities ; Phimosis ; surgery

Objective To prepare recombinant human adenovirus type 3 expressing Norovirus cap-sid protein gene(Noro-orf2). Methods The cDNA for Noro-orf2 was amplifed by RT-PCR from stool of in-fantile gastroenteritis and cloned into the adenovirus shuttle vector pBSE3CMV-egfp. The vector pBSE3CMV-Nor was linearized with EeoR Ⅴ and Not Ⅰ, and transformed into E. coil BJ5183 with lined edenovirus ge-nomic DNA pLasmid pBRAdv3 by Rsr Ⅱ. The identification of recombinant adenovirus plasmid pBRAdv3E3dNor was performed by PCR, enzyme digestion and DNA sequencing. Then pBRAdv3E3dNor was digested with AsiS Ⅰ and transfeeted into Hep-2 cells with LipofectAMINETM 2000 to package recombi-nant adenovirus particles. Results Noro-orf2 was successfully inserted into the shuttle vector. The recombi-nant adenoviral plasmid pBRAdv3E3dNor was generated by homologous recombination in E. coil BJ5183 and confirmed by PCR and enzyme digestion. The recombinant adenovirus was successfully packaged and puri-fied. Norovirus eapsid protein gene expression was confirmed in Hep-2 cells by immunecytochemistry assay. Conclusion The recombinant type 3 adenovirus expressing Norovirus eapsid protein gene was successfully constructed. This study laid a foundation for developing vaccine against Norovirus.

ObjectiveNotch signaling is highly conservative in evolution and plays an important role in cell's proliferation and differentiation.Construction of tentiviral vector containing Notch intracellular domain (NICD) would lay the foundation for the study of Notch signaling.MethodsTotal RNA was extracted from the myeloid tissue of C57BL/6 mice.cDNA was composed via reverse transcription.NICD sequence was obtained by PCR and recombined into lentiviral vector.Lentiviral vector with NICD was infected into target HEK293T cell.Real-time PCR and Western blot were used to examine NICD expression in HEK293T cell.ResultsNICD expression increased in HEK293T cells.ConclusionThe successful construction of lentiviral vector involving mice NICD expression provides the foundation for the future study.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the changes of mercury (Hg) levels in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in patients with chronic mercury poisoning and elucidate the neurotoxic mechanism of mercury.

METHODSNine patients with chronic mercury poisoning (poisoning group) as well as eight patients without exposure to mercury were included in this study. Mercury concentrations of 24 hour urine (U-Hg) and CSF (CSF-Hg) were measured with cold-vapor atomic absorption spectrometry-alkali stannous chloride method. The concentration of blood (B-Hg) at the same day was measured with cold-vapor atomic absorption spectrometry-acidic stannous chloride method. In five patients of poisoning group, these concentrations before chelation therapy were compared with those after chelation therapy.

RESULTSThe levels of B-Hg, U-Hg, and CSF-Hg in poisoning group (250.00 +/- 48.54, 160.07 +/- 91.15, 20.22 +/- 10.21 nmol/L, respectively) were significantly higher than those in control group (81.04 +/- 63.01, 24.73 +/- 9.96 nmol/L, undetectable, respectively; P < 0.01). In nine patients of poisoning group, CSF-Hg concentrations were correlated with B-Hg (r = 0.675, P < 0.05), but not U-Hg. After chelation therapy with dimercaptopropane sulfonate in five patients of poisoning group, the levels of B-Hg, U-Hg, and CSF-Hg were decreased significantly (P < 0.05). The reduction of CSF-Hg was not related with B-Hg and U-Hg.

CONCLUSIONCSF-Hg concentration in chronic mercury poisoning patient is increased with the rise of B-Hg, but not U-Hg. When the levels of B-Hg and U-Hg drop to normal, the CSF-Hg level is still high enough to be detected. It indicates that mercury is combined with protein after entering brain and this complex is difficult to cross through blood-cerebral barrier. The complex may cause neuromuscular disorder and fremitus in chronic mercury poisoning.

Adult ; Antidotes ; therapeutic use ; Chronic Disease ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mercury ; cerebrospinal fluid ; Mercury Poisoning ; cerebrospinal fluid ; drug therapy ; Middle Aged ; Occupational Exposure ; Spectrophotometry, Atomic ; Unithiol ; therapeutic use

OBJECTIVEUsing MBEC-Assay to assay minimal biofilm eradication concentration (MBEC) of Galla Chinensis and Nidus Vespae to oral bacterial biofilm. To set up traditional Chinese medicine susceptibility pharmacodynamic empirical study methods of oral bacterial biofilm.

METHODSCariogenic bacteria strains were selected (Streptococcus mutans ATCC 25175, Streptococcus sanguis ATCC 10556, Lactobacillus rhamnosus AC 413, Actinomyces naeslundii WVU 627) in this study. Extraction components of Galla Chinensis were GCE (aqueous extract), GCE-B (30% alcohol extract) and extraction components of Nidus Vespae were NVE1 (95% alcohol extract). (1) To observe oral bacterial biofilm formatiom in MBEC-Device at different time. (2) MBEC-HTP-Assay: The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal biofilm eradication concentration (MBEC) of GCE, GCE-B and NVE1 to oral bacteria strains were determined.

RESULTSOral bacterial biofilm were readily formed on the lid of MBEC-Device under selected condition (observed by SEM). Oral cariogenic bacteria growing as plankton populations were sensitive to GCE, GCE-B and NVE1. To GCE, GCE-B and NVE1, oral cariogenic bacterial biofilm were 2-16 times less susceptible than growing plankton bacteria. GCE and GCE-B were the most effective medicine against oral cariogenic bacterial biofilm. NVE1 were effective in killing oral-bacterial biofilm at relatively high concentration.

CONCLUSIONGCE and GCE-B were effective medicine against oral cariogenic bacterial biofilm. MBEC (minimal biofilm eradication concentration) can provide a relative accurate medicine concentration for clinical test.

Bacteria ; Biofilms ; Dental Caries ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Streptococcus mutans ; Streptococcus sanguis