Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Molar ; Root Canal Therapy ; methods

Objective To compare the similarities and differences of the five detection methods used in the detection of fungi in vaginal secretions,and find the most sensitive、the most specific、the fastest、the most cost effective and the simplest method used in the detection of fungi in vaginal secretions.Methods A total of 442 patients were selected from the Department of Gynecology of Shenzhen OCT Hospital from May 2016 to August 2016.The vaginal secretion of 442 specimens was detected by using the methods of fungi culture、saline and KOH suspension method,Gram stain,Wright''s stain and Vaginitis Multi Test Kit.In these five methods,Fungi culture were using as gold standard to evaluate the specificity,sensitivity,negative predictive value,positive predictive value and accuracy of the other four methods.Results Using the fungus culture method to detect 442 cases of vaginal secretion,we found the positive rate of mycotic infection was 34.8%(154/442).Compared with the fungi culture method,the Specificity of saline and KOH suspension method was 97.9%,the sensitivity was 64.9%,the negative predictive value was 83.9%,the positive predictive value was 94.3% and the accuracy was 86.4%;the Specificity of Gram stain was 96.5%,the Sensitivity was 83.1%,the negative predictive value was 91.4%,the positive predictive value was 92.7% and the accuracy was 91.8%;the Specificity of Vaginitis Multi Test Kit was 84.7%,the Sensitivity was 46.8%,the negative predictive value was 74.8%,the positive predictive value was 62.0% and the accuracy was 71.5%;the Specificity of Wright''s stain was 96.9%,the Sensitivity was 78.6%,the negative predictive value was 89.4%,the positive predictive value was 93.1% and the accuracy was 90.5%.Conclusion Gram stain could be the most sensitive and specific method in the four methods,with highest accuracy,and the the fastest,the most cost effective and the simplest method for the detection of fungi in vaginal secretions.The accuracy of detecting fungi in vaginal secretions could be improved by the combination of Gram stain method in clinical work.

OBJECTIVETo explore evaluation strategies for middle ear dysfunction in cleft palate patients, to optimize the diagnosis and treatment of this dysfunction, and ultimately to improve the comprehensive treatment of cleft palate.

METHODSThe relationship among abnormal tympanic types (B, C, and Anomaly), effusion rate, tympanic pressure, and hearing loss were analyzed. We collected relevant information on 469 ears of cleft palate patients and traced one-year longitudinal changes in the tympana of 124 ears from 62 patients with both cleft lip and cleft palate.

RESULTSThe effusion rates of cleft palate patients with type B, type C, and type Anomaly were 50.3% (97/193), 34.8% (8/23), and 20.9% (53/253), respectively. The tympanic pressure of the ears with and without effusion showed no significant difference (P>0.05). The hearing loss in type B cleft palate patients with middle ear effusion was worse than that in patients without effusion (P=0.001). However, the hearing loss in type Anomaly showed no difference (P>0.05). The constituent ratio of each tympanic type remained constant during the period between cheiloplasty and palatoplasty for cleft lip and palate patients (P>0.05).

CONCLUSIONCleft palate patients of all tympanic types may all suffer from middle ear effusion at different rates. Examination by centesis is suggested for ears with abnormal tympanic types. Early aggressive therapy is essential for type B cleft palate patients with middle ear effusion to avoid hearing loss. However, catheterization may be not necessary for type Anomaly patients, and conservative observation should be performed instead. Myringotomy with grommet insertion during palatoplasty does not delay treatment timing for patients with both cleft lip and cleft palateg.

Cleft Lip ; Cleft Palate ; Ear, Middle ; physiology ; Humans ; Middle Ear Ventilation ; Otitis Media with Effusion ; diagnosis ; epidemiology

OBJECTIVE:To establish the quality standard of Chushi pill. METHODS:Microscopic identification and TLC were adopted for the qualitative identification of Cortex moutan,C. dictamni,Angelica sinensis,Rubia cordifolia and Gardeniae fructus in Chushi pill;HPLC was performed to determine the contents of paeonol and baicalin. It was performed on column of Kro-masil 100-5 C18 with mobile phase of methanol-water-phosphoric acid(47∶53∶0.2,V/V/V)at the flow rate of 1.0 ml/min,the detec-tion wavelength was 280 nm,the temperature was 25 ℃ and the volume was 10 μl. RESULTS:The microscopic identification showed microscopic characteristics of C. moutan and C. dictamni,and characteristics of A. sinensis,R. cordifolia and G. fructus were identified by TLC;the linear range of paeonol was 0.106 24-2.124 8 μg(r=0.999 9)and baicalin was 0.059 04-1.180 8 μg (r=0.999 9);RSDs of precision,stability and reproducibility tests were no more than 2.06%;average recoveries were respective-ly 101.56%(RSD=1.68%,n=9)and 100.16%(RSD=1.13%,n=9). CONCLUSIONS:The method is simple,accurate and re-producible,and can be used for the quantity control of Chushi pill.

OBJECTIVETo set up a feasible method for detection of objective genes from paraffin-embedded tissues of oral leukoplakia (OLK).

METHODSTwenty-five pieces of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues of OSCC were selected and ATM gene was detected respectively by 3 methods: the microdissection-nested PCR method, proteinase K-PCR method and conventional phenol-chloroform-PCR method. The positivity rates were compared statistically.

RESULTSThe positivity rates of these 3 methods were 84%, 52% and 64% respectively. Significant difference was found in positivity rate between the microdissection-nested PCR method and the proteinase K-PCR method (P = 0.032).

CONCLUSIONSThe microdissection-nested PCR method merits recommendation because it is more efficient, easy to perform and has the advantage of less sample amount.

Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated Proteins ; Cell Cycle Proteins ; genetics ; DNA-Binding Proteins ; genetics ; Humans ; Leukoplakia, Oral ; genetics ; Paraffin Embedding ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; methods ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases ; genetics ; Tumor Suppressor Proteins ; genetics

The efficacy and safety of uric-acid-lowering therapy (UALT) on slowing the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) accompanied by hyperuricemia were assessed. We searched Cochrane Library, PubMed, EMbase, CNKI, Wanfang and Vip databases up to November 15, 2012 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) which compared the effect of UALT to control therapy in hyperuricemic patients secondary to CKD, and then performed quality evaluation and meta-analysis on the included studies. Seven RCTs involving 451 cases were included. UALT delayed the increase of serum creatinine (MD=-62.55 μmol/L, 95% CI: -98.10 to -26.99) and blood urea nitrogen (MD= -6.15 mmol/L, 95% CI: -8.17 to -4.13) as well as the decrease of glomerular filtration rate [MD=5.65 mL/(min·1.73 m2), 95% CI: 1.88 to 9.41], decreased systolic blood pressure (SBP) (MD= -6.08 mmHg, 95% CI: -11.67 to -0.49), and reduced the risk of the renal disease progression (RR=0.30, 95% CI: 0.19 to 0.46). However, there was no statistically significant difference in 24-h urinary protein quantity and diastolic blood pressure (P>0.05). We identified that UALT could delay the progression of CKD with secondary hyperuricemia. And this also indirectly proved that hyperuricemia was a risk factor for the CKD progression.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the efficiency of different angle projection radiograph in diagnosing multiple canals of mandibular first premolars.

METHODSEighty-eight mandibular first premolars that needed endodontic treatment in vivo were selected. The radiograph was taken at a horizontal angles of 0, 20-30 degrees from mesial or distal direction of the tooth preoperative. According to the different angle projection radiographic evaluation, radiographic diagnosis of multiple canals were suspected. After the root canal orifice were detected and located with K files, the root canals were prepared using crown-down technique and obturated using cold lateral condensation technique. The configurations and numbers of root canals were identified and recorded. The postoperative radiograph was taken. According to configurations and postoperative radiograph, the root canal configuration was classified into type I -V.

RESULTSIn eighty-eight mandibular first premolars, 31 multiple canals teeth were suspected in preoperative radiographic diagnosis, 30 multiple canal teeth were detected under clinical evaluation. In case of 31 multiple canal teeth suspected by preoperative radiographic diagnosis, 3 teeth were not found multiple canals under clinical evaluation. While in case of 2 teeth of one canal suspected by preoperative radiographic diagnosis, multiple canal was detected under clinical evaluation. In 31 multiple canal teeth suspected by preoperative radiographic diagnosis, 13 teeth were detected at a horizontal angles of 0 degree and 25 teeth were detected at a horizontal angles of 20-30 degree, 7 teeth were suspected at different angle projection. Clinical detected rate of multiple canal in mandibular first premolar were 34.09% (30/88), 70.00% of which were type IV and V.

CONCLUSIONDifferent angulation radiograph of preoperative will assist to increase clinical detection rate of multiple canals in mandibular first premolar.

Bicuspid ; Dental Pulp Cavity ; Humans ; Incisor ; Mandible ; Maxilla ; Molar ; Postoperative Period ; Root Canal Therapy

The total RNA was extracted from porcine ovary. Porcine Follistatin cDNA was cloned by RT-PCR. Complete porcine follistatin cDNA coding sequences are presented including 1038 bp of open reading frame. The purified porcine follistatin cDNA was inserted into pGEX-4T-3 vector to construct the prokaryotic fusion protein expression vector. The recombinant expression plasmid was transformed into BL21 (DE3) and expression was induced by IPTG. Protein products were detected by SDS-PAGE and confirmed by Western blotting analysis, which showed that the yield of the Follistatin cDNA was a 63kD protein expression vector. Follistatin protein was expressed in the form of glutathione-S-transferase (GST) fusion protein in E. coli.
Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Cloning, Molecular ; Escherichia coli ; genetics ; Follistatin ; chemistry ; genetics ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Phylogeny ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins ; biosynthesis ; Swine

OBJECTIVETo investigate the role of ataxia telangiectasis mutated (ATM) gene in the oncogenesis and progression of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).

METHODSA total of 61 formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded samples were obtained from patients with hyperkeratosis, oral leukoplakia, OSCC and normal healthy controls. The expression of ATM protein in all of the samples was investigated by streptavidin-peroxidase immunohistochemistry assay. PCR was also performed to detect the loss of heterozygosity (LOH) in D11s2179 of ATM gene. The correlations between ATM and the clinical and histopathological characteristics were also investigated.

RESULTSThe results indicated that the ATM expression was increased in oral premalignant lesions (P<0.05). For OSCC, 68.8% samples showed normal or increased ATM expression, while 31.3% had decreased or absent ATM expression. Significant differences were found between the group of decreased or absent ATM expression and that of normal or increased expression over the histopathological grade and lymph node metastasis state. PCR results displayed that none of the samples from oral premalignant lesions showed abnormal changes, while 3 of the OSCC (9.38%) showed loss of heterozygosity (LOH) and 2 (6.25%) with microsatellite instability (MSI). Those 3 samples of LOH showed absent ATM expression.

CONCLUSIONThese findings indicated that the over expression of ATM may contribute to prevent carcinogenesis of OSCC. ATM inactivation may be one of the genetic alterations of the molecular progression of OSCC.

Ataxia ; Carcinogenesis ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Leukoplakia, Oral ; Loss of Heterozygosity ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Male ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Telangiectasis

OBJECTIVETo analyse the clinical features and prognostic factors of small breast cancer patient (T < or =2 cm) with multiple axillary lymph node metastasis (N > or =4).

METHODSThe data of 118 small breast cancer patients (T < or =2 cm) with multiple axillary lymph node metastasis (N > or =4) surgically treated from 1993 to 2003 were retrospectively analysed by SPSS 13.0 software.

RESULTSThe overall 5-year survival rate was 75.0% in this series. It was found by single-variant Kaplan-Merier analysis that the stage, adjuvant chemotherapy and adjuvant endocrine therapy significantly influenced the outcome of the patients. For patients with 4-9 or > or =10 metastatic axillary lymph nodes, the 5-year OS was 89.5% and 59.8%, respectively (P = 0.009). It was 82.1% and 53.3% in the patients with or without adjuvant chemotherapy (P = 0.001), respectively. For patients with or without adjuvant endocrine therapy, the 5-year OS was 89.2% and 61.9% (P = 0.001). Multi-variant Cox regression analysis showed that the stage, adjuvant chemotherapy and adjuvant endocrine therapy were independent prognostic factors.

CONCLUSIONSmall breast cancer with multiple axillary lymph node metastasis usually has a tendency of metastasis with a poor prognosis, especially in those with > or =10 metastatic axillary lymph nodes. The stage, adjuvant chemotherapy and adjuvant endocrinetherapy were independent prognostic factors. Reasonable multi-modality therapy may be able to improve the outcome of these patients.

Adult ; Aged ; Axilla ; Bone Neoplasms ; secondary ; Breast Neoplasms ; pathology ; therapy ; Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast ; pathology ; therapy ; Carcinoma, Lobular ; pathology ; therapy ; Chemotherapy, Adjuvant ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Lymph Nodes ; pathology ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Mastectomy ; methods ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Neoplasm Staging ; Proportional Hazards Models ; Radiotherapy, Adjuvant ; Retrospective Studies ; Survival Rate ; Young Adult