Objective To compare the effects of venous port access ( VPA ) with peripherally inserted central catheters ( PICC) in patients with breast cancer .Methods 120 cases with breast cancer were divided into 2 groups from Jan.2009 to Dec.2010,among whom 60 cases were with VPA when receiving operation , and the other 60 cases were with PICC after the operation .The success rate of catheterization , duration of catheter in-dwelling and catheter-related complications of the 2 groups were compared .Results The one-time success rate of catheterization was 100%in VPA group and 66.7%in PICC group .The catheters were retained for more than 12 months in 59 cases in VPA group,while only 4 cases in PICC group retained catheter for more than 12 months. The complications occurred to 1 case in VPA group ( 1.7%) and 9 cases in PICC group ( 15%) .Conclusion VPA is an ideal pathway for chemotherapy of patients with breast cancer , which can reduce nursing work and is worth to be promoted in clinical practice .

AIMTo observe the protective role of pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide (PACAP) on hippocampal neuronal apoptosis induced by beta amyloid peptide in the culture.

METHODSHippocampal neurons were isolated from 1d old SD rat and neuronal survival and apoptosis were measured by MTT assay and DNA ladder.

RESULTS25 micromol/L Abeta could induce neuron apoptosis while co-treatment with PACAP could increase the survival of hippocampal neurons. The antagonist of PACAP receptor, P6-27, could reverse the effect of PACAP.

CONCLUSIONPACAP could protects cultured neurons from the neurotoxicity of Abeta through the activation of PACAP receptor and may have a bright use in treatment of neurodegenerative disease.

Amyloid beta-Peptides ; toxicity ; Animals ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Hippocampus ; cytology ; Neurons ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Receptors, Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo compare the efficacy between continuous negative pressure-flush through extraperitoneal dual tube and conventional drainage in the treatment and prevention for anastomotic leakage after low anterior resection in patients with rectal cancer.

METHODSClinical data of 627 rectal cancer patients undergoing low anterior resection by the same surgical team from January 2007 to March 2012 were reviewed retrospectively. Of 627 patients, 370 received self-made easy extraperitoneal dual tube which was placed in the dorsal site of an anastomosis for drainage (dual tube group), and the other 257 received conventional drainage tube from abdominal cavity (convention group) prophylactically. The incidence of postoperative anastomotic leakage, reoperation rate, drainage tube indwelling duration, hospitalization duration, hospitalization expense, quality of life score, incidence of anastomotic stricture within 6 months after operation were compared between the two groups.

RESULTSAnastomotic leakage after low Dixon operation was found in 25 cases (4.0%, 25/627), including 14 cases (3.8%, 14/370) in dual tube group, and 11 cases (4.3%, 11/257) in convention group, and the difference was not statistically significant. After anastomotic leakage occurrence, all the patients in dual tube group were managed by continuous negative pressure (50 mmHg)-flush through another self-made easy intra-rectal dual tube without reoperation, while 5 patients in conventional group underwent operation again because of treatment failure with continuous negative pressure-flush through intra-rectal dual tube for half a month. Drainage tube indwelling duration was (9.7±2.7) d and (16.4±3.6) d, hospitalization duration was (15.7±4.3) d and (21.5±6.4) d, hospitalization expenses was (42 470±3190) Yuan and (53 480±5630) Yuan in dual tube group and conventional group respectively, the differences were all statistically significant (all P<0.05). Quality of life on the 15th day of anastomotic leakage treatment was significantly better in dual tube group as compared to conventional group (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONThough continuous negative pressure-flush through extraperitoneal dual tube can not decrease the incidence of anastomotic leakage in rectal cancer patients after low anterior resection, it may increase the successful rate of conservative therapy, decrease the reoperation rate, and improve the quality of life when combined with the use of an intra-rectal dual tube.

Aged ; Anastomotic Leak ; etiology ; prevention & control ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Postoperative Complications ; prevention & control ; Rectal Neoplasms ; surgery ; Retrospective Studies ; Therapeutic Irrigation ; methods ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo investigate the cyclic fatigue modes of Vita mark II machinable ceramics under Hertzian's contact.

METHODSHertzian's contact technique (WC spheres r = 3.18 mm) was used to investigate the cyclic fatigue of Vita mark II machinable ceramic. All specimens were fatigued by cyclic loading in moist environment, furthermore, surviving strength was examined by three point test and morphology damage observation.

RESULTSIn homogeneous Vita mark II machinable ceramics, two fatigue damage modes existed after cyclic loading with spheres under moist environment, including conventional tensile-driven cone cracking (brittle mode) and shear-driven microdamage accumulation (quasi-plastic mode). The latter generated radial cracks and deeply penetrating secondary cone crack. Initial strength degradation were caused by the cone cracks, subsequent and much more deleterious loss was caused by radial cracks.

CONCLUSIONCyclic fatigue modes of Vita mark II machinable ceramics includes brittle and quasi-plastic mode.

Ceramics ; Dental Porcelain ; Humans ; Materials Testing ; Surface Properties

MTT analysis and intracellular calcium measurement by using confocal laser scanning microscopy were used to study the possible mechanism of protective effect of pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide 27 (PACAP27) from beta amyloid protein (Abeta)-induced neurotoxicity. The results showed that treatment with PACAP (less than 0.1 micromol/L) increased the survival and reproductive ability of neuro-2a cells and protected the neuro-2a cells from being injured by Abeta. The protective effect of PACAP27 was reversed by the competitive PACAP receptor antagonist PACAP6-27. An increase in intracellular calcium was observed when the cells were challenged with Abeta and PACAP. But the calcium increase induced by Abeta kept stable for a long time while PACAP caused a transient rise in intracellular calcium. The intracellular calcium increase induced by Abeta was blocked by pretreatment with PACAP for 10 min. It is suggested that the neuroprotective effect of PACAP against neuronal damage induced by Abeta may result from its role in inhibiting the sustained rise in intracellular calcium.
Amyloid beta-Peptides ; antagonists & inhibitors ; toxicity ; Calcium ; metabolism ; Calcium Channels ; metabolism ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Humans ; Neuroblastoma ; pathology ; Neuroprotective Agents ; pharmacology ; Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide ; pharmacology

AIMTo observe the relationship between amyloid beta-protein (Abeta) and oxidative stress and the protective role of pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide (PACAP, PACAP-27) against damage induced by oxidative stress (H2O2) in neurem-2a cells.

METHODSWith cultured neuro-2a cells the cell survival and apoptosis were measured by MTT assay, Hoechest33258 staining, DNA ladder and the percentage of small DNA fragment.

RESULTSConcentration-dependent toxicity was induced with H2O2 treatment for 24 h. The neurotoxicity of H2O2 was increased by about 10 times with cotreatment neurons with amyloid beta-protein fragment 25-35 (Abeta(25-35)). While decrease the percentage of small DNA fragmentation the cell survival was increased with co-treatment with PACAP-27(which were added to the culture everyday). The effect of PACAP was not reversed with antagonist of PACAP receptor, PACAP(6-27).

CONCLUSIONAbeta and H2O2 can promote each other's neurotoxicity. Cultured neurons were protected by PACAP27 from the neurotoxicity of H2O2 but not through the activation of PACAP-27 receptor.

Amyloid beta-Peptides ; toxicity ; Apoptosis ; Cell Survival ; Cells, Cultured ; Humans ; Hydrogen Peroxide ; pharmacology ; Neurons ; cytology ; drug effects ; Oxidative Stress ; Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the clinical effectiveness of three localization methods, including methylene blue, metal clips and intraoperative colonoscopy in laparoscopic colorectal surgery.

METHODSA retrospective analysis was performed to review the clinical data of 64 patients who underwent the laparoscopic colorectal operations in Cancer Hospital of Fudan University from December 2009 to June 2012. Three methods of tumor localization were used perioperatively, including 23 cases of methylene blue, 20 of metal clips and 21 of colonoscopy.

RESULTSOperations were successfully performed in this cohort and there were no deaths or complications. In methylene blue group, intraoperative colonoscopy was performed in two cases because of the inability to visualize blue dye on the serosal surface of the intestinal wall, another 2 cases were converted to open operation because of methylene blue diffusion and inability to identify resection margin. Intraoperative colonoscopic localization was required for 3 cases of sigmoid colon or upper rectal tumor because of inaccurate tumor localization by metal clips. Poor operative exposure due to obvious bowel distension prompted the conversion to open surgery in 2 cases of colonoscopy localization group, and the accurate position of the lesion was not found in another 2 cases due to long pedunculated adenoma.

CONCLUSIONSColorectal tumor can be localized effectively by endoscopic methylene blue tattooing at a maximum of 2 tumors before operation and the method of 4-point positioning can significantly improve the accuracy of colorectal tumor localization. Tumor localization preoperatively on the day of surgery by metal clip is accurate for the right or left colon cancer. Intraoperative colonoscopy can localize tumor accurately and rapidly for rectosigmoid or descending tumor, and the incidence of bowel distension can be significantly reduced. Localization method should be considered according to the tumor location and surgical procedure.

Adult ; Aged ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Laparoscopy ; methods ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome

Objective To compare the efficacy between continuous negative pressure-flush through extraperitoneal dual tube and conventional drainage in the treatment and prevention for anastomotic leakage after low anterior resection in patients with rectal cancer. Methods Clinical data of 627 rectal cancer patients undergoing low anterior resection by the same surgical team from January 2007 to March 2012 were reviewed retrospectively. Of 627 patients, 370 received self-made easy extraperitoneal dual tube which was placed in the dorsal site of an anastomosis for drainage (dual tube group), and the other 257 received conventional drainage tube from abdominal cavity (convention group) prophylactically. The incidence of postoperative anastomotic leakage, reoperation rate, drainage tube indwelling duration, hospitalization duration, hospitalization expense, quality of life score, incidence of anastomotic stricture within 6 months after operation were compared between the two groups. Results Anastomotic leakage after low Dixon operation was found in 25 cases (4.0%, 25/627), including 14 cases (3.8%, 14/370) in dual tube group, and 11 cases (4.3%,11/257) in convention group, and the difference was not statistically significant. After anastomotic leakage occurrence, all the patients in dual tube group were managed by continuous negative pressure (50 mmHg)-flush through another self-made easy intra-rectal dual tube without reoperation , while 5 patients in conventional group underwent operation again because of treatment failure with continuous negative pressure-flush through intra-rectal dual tube for half a month. Drainage tube indwelling duration was (9.7 ±2.7) d and (16.4±3.6) d, hospitalization duration was (15.7±4.3) d and(21.5±6.4) d, hospitalization expenses was (42 470±3190) Yuan and (53 480±5630) Yuan in dual tube group and conventional group respectively , the differences were all statistically significant (all P<0.05). Quality of life on the 15th day of anasmototic leakage treatment was significantly better in dual tube group as compared to conventional group (P<0.05). Conclusion Though continuous negative pressure-flush through extraperitoneal dual tube can not decrease the incidence of anastomotic leakage in rectal cancer patients after low anterior resection, it may increase the successful rate of conservative therapy, decrease the reoperation rate, and improve the quality of life when combined with the use of an intra-rectal dual tube.

Objective To compare the efficacy between continuous negative pressure-flush through extraperitoneal dual tube and conventional drainage in the treatment and prevention for anastomotic leakage after low anterior resection in patients with rectal cancer. Methods Clinical data of 627 rectal cancer patients undergoing low anterior resection by the same surgical team from January 2007 to March 2012 were reviewed retrospectively. Of 627 patients, 370 received self-made easy extraperitoneal dual tube which was placed in the dorsal site of an anastomosis for drainage (dual tube group), and the other 257 received conventional drainage tube from abdominal cavity (convention group) prophylactically. The incidence of postoperative anastomotic leakage, reoperation rate, drainage tube indwelling duration, hospitalization duration, hospitalization expense, quality of life score, incidence of anastomotic stricture within 6 months after operation were compared between the two groups. Results Anastomotic leakage after low Dixon operation was found in 25 cases (4.0%, 25/627), including 14 cases (3.8%, 14/370) in dual tube group, and 11 cases (4.3%,11/257) in convention group, and the difference was not statistically significant. After anastomotic leakage occurrence, all the patients in dual tube group were managed by continuous negative pressure (50 mmHg)-flush through another self-made easy intra-rectal dual tube without reoperation , while 5 patients in conventional group underwent operation again because of treatment failure with continuous negative pressure-flush through intra-rectal dual tube for half a month. Drainage tube indwelling duration was (9.7 ±2.7) d and (16.4±3.6) d, hospitalization duration was (15.7±4.3) d and(21.5±6.4) d, hospitalization expenses was (42 470±3190) Yuan and (53 480±5630) Yuan in dual tube group and conventional group respectively , the differences were all statistically significant (all P<0.05). Quality of life on the 15th day of anasmototic leakage treatment was significantly better in dual tube group as compared to conventional group (P<0.05). Conclusion Though continuous negative pressure-flush through extraperitoneal dual tube can not decrease the incidence of anastomotic leakage in rectal cancer patients after low anterior resection, it may increase the successful rate of conservative therapy, decrease the reoperation rate, and improve the quality of life when combined with the use of an intra-rectal dual tube.

Phytochemical investigation of the leaves and twigs of Callicarpa cathayana led to the isolation of six new clerodane diterpenoids, cathayanalactones A-F (1-6), together with seven analogues (7-13). Their structures were established by extensive NMR analyses together with experimental and calculated ECD spectra analyses. Compounds 1, 2, 3, 7 and 11 showed inhibitory activities on lipopolysaccharide-induced nitric oxide production in RAW264.7 cells.