Objective To investigate the features and prognosis of noncompaction of ventricular myocardium (NVM) in Chinese.Methods The clinical features of 16 NVM patients were analyzed and 15 patients were followed prospectively.Results Familial occurrence were found in seven patients.Six came to hospital for heart failure and two for chest pain.Arrhythmias were found in six patients.Six patients were asymptomatic.Fifteen patients were followed prospectively for 52.06?8.46 months.In the follow-up,three patients died and heart failure occurred in one asymptomatic patients.One patients accepted permanent pacemaker.Five patients were still asymptomatic.Conclusion In general,the prognosis of NVM is poor,but the outcome is better in patients without symptom.The early diagnosis is important.

Objective To analyze the morphological matching rate with a digital image recognition system in pre-and post-orthodontic treatments,and to provide forensic dentistry evidence for individual identification.Methods High-resolution digital images of the palatal rugae were taken under particular conditions from each patient in pre-and post-orthodontic treatments.Features of each digital image were extracted using a digital image recognition system and collected in the palatal rugae database.Data of the palatal rugae werematched by MATLAB software system.Results From the matching results,the accuracy rate of individual identification of orthodontic patients was 100％.The accuracy rate in matching palatal rugae patterns in pre-and post-orthodontic treatments was 95.67％.The results were statistically significant with P＜0.05.Conclusion Palatal rugae pattern is highly individual-specific.The morphologyofpalatal rugaecould bechangedby theorthodontic treatment,however,these changes may not greatly influence individual identification in forensic dentistry,providing a new potential to individual identification.

Objective To study the alterations of metabotropic glutamate receptors la (mGluRla) in thalamic reticular nuclei (TRN) of rat brains after diffuse brain injury (DBI) so as to probe into the expression and significance ofmGluRs in DBI. Methods A total of 45 SD male rats weighing 280-320 g were randomized into three groups: normal (untreated), sham-operated (fixed, cut in scalp) and DBI groups (n=15 each group). At the 6, 12, 24 h after modeling, the brain TRN were examined for pathological changes under light microscope. Expressions of mGluRla were detected by immunohistochemical staining of PAP. Results Compared with the control and sham-operated groups, the expressions of mGluRla were increased significantly with the time going on, especially at 12 h, and they were decreased a little at 24 h, but still higher in DBI group, compared with the other 2 groups, the difference was ststically significant (P=0.000). Conclusion The up-regulation of mGluRla in TRN may play an important role in neuronal injury after DBI in rats.

Objective To explore the treatment of multifocal lower extremity arteriosclerosis oblitera-tions. Methods From March 2014 to September 2014, combined procedures were performed on 30 lower limbs in 30 patients with multifocal lower extremity arteriosclerosis obliterations for revascularization. All the patients underwent endovascular , 20 of whom received endarterectomy , 10 received artery emboloctomy , and 8 received profundaplasty. The rates of technical success and clinical success were observed. The patients were followed up for 6-12 months to observe the total patency rate and rate of limb reservation. Results The technical success rate was 100%. The perioperative complication rate was 30% (9/30). 29 limbs gained improvement with differ-ent degree and the clinical success rate was 96.67% (29/30). The ankle-brachial index elevated 0.37 ± 0.19 on average (P < 0.001). Primary patency rate was 90% and 73% at 6 and 12 months, and 12-month limb reserva-tion rate was 97.67%. Conclusions The combined procedures for complex lower extremity arteriosclerosis oblit-erations have a higher short- to mid-term patency rate and limb reservation rate.

BACKGROUND:With significantly individual differences in the anatomy of the knee joint, traditional total knee replacement is difficult to accurately predict the position of locating limb alignment, size of the prosthesis and osteotomy amount of patients during operation. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the clinical effect of total knee replacement based on the assistance of medical image reconstruction, computer-aided design technology and 3D-printing personalized surgical navigation template. METHODS:Medical image data of patients were col ected using CT or magnetic resonance scanning equipment. The three-dimensional reconstruction of the bone was conducted by two-dimensional medical image processing technology. The navigation template was designed by computer-aided design technology. The personalized surgical navigation templates were produced by 3D printing technology, and the clinical total knee replacement was conducted. The postoperative results were evaluated using imageology. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Arigin 3D Pro (Arigin Medical Co., Ltd.) can accurately reconstruct a three-dimensional model of the lower limb bones. The three-dimensional design software Arigin Surgical Templating by their independent research and development can precisely pinpoint related lower limb axis, including limb alignment, rotation axis of the femur and osteotomy reference point. The personalized navigation template we researched and produced for knee surgery fitted tightly with femoral condyle and tibial plateau bone anatomy during operation, without significant movement. The deviation of patients’ limb alignment was less than 3° after total knee replacement.

· AIM: To study the in situ relative intraocular position of the iris-claw phakic intraocular lens (PIOL)for high myopia using an anterior chamber optical coherence tomography (AC OCT)prototype.· METHODS: Six PIOLs (11.50 to 22.00D lens powers) were implanted in phakic myopic eyes. Using AC OCT, tomography was taken in the anterior chamber to measure the preoperative anterior chamber depth, postoperative distance between the PIOL and the corneal endothelium (endothelial-optic distance), and the postoperative distance between the PIOL and the crystalline lens.· RESULTS: Preoperative anterior chamber depth ranged from 3.27 to 3.91 mm and the postoperative endothelial-optic distance measured 2,07 to 2,24 mm. The distance between the crystalline lens and the posterior surface of the IOL ranged from 0.82 to 1.32 mm. Several tomography revealed the position of the PIOL on the iris, The pigment layer of the iris did not seem to be disturbed by the presence of the PIOL.· CONCLUSION, The original anterior chamber depths were reduced by 36,1% to 44.6% after implantation. This study of 6 eyes revealed that tomography taken by AC OCT are useful in verifying the intraocular position of the PIOL within the anterior chamber. Adequate space was maintained between the iris-fixated phakic intraocular lens and the corneal endothelium, angle, and crystalline lens.

Background: Positron Emission Tomography and Computed Tomography (PET-CT) imaging is shown to influence a decision change in managing non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). The introduction of such a facility in Malaysia is relatively recent, and its impact from its utility is currently being assessed. Aim: In a tertiary referral centre possessing the only PET-CT facility in northern Peninsular Malaysia, we evaluated the potential roles of PET-CT in referred patients with non-small cell lung carcinoma. Methodology: Sixty eligible adult cases with NSCLC, between September 2005 and December 2007, were retrospectively reviewed. Relevant data was collected using standard questionnaire for indications, staging of disease, and outcomes in terms of recurrence and response to prescribed cancer-specific therapy. Results: The indications for PET-CT were: staging of a newly diagnosed non-small cell lung carcinoma (25.0%); post-operative restaging (21.7%); exclusion of recurrence or metastasis (18.3%); establishing diagnosis of carcinoma (13.3%); assessment of response to treatment (11.7%), and for surveillance (10.0%). The use of PET-CT was shown to induce a change in the staging, compared with non-PET conventional means in 69.2% of patients with newly diagnosed lung carcinoma (upstaged in 55.5%; downstaged in 44.5%) and in 65.0% of patients who underwent cancer-specific treatments (upstaged in 38.5%; downstaged in 61.5%). PET-CT detected recurrence in 62.5% who underwent the imaging to exclude a recurrence or metastasis. Conclusion: PET-CT has affected the staging of a large proportion of our local Malaysian patients. Like elsewhere, the availability of such a facility is likely to have important influence in overall management of NSCLC in Malaysia.

BACKGROUND:Foreign studies have found that the magnesium alloy stent is safe and effective, but there are few studies on the degradation performance of magnesium alloy stents in China.OBJECTIVE:To investigate the degradation of degradable AZ31 magnesium alloy stent in the rabbit abdominal aorta and the effect of degradation process on vascularization.METHODS:Twenty-eight rabbits were enrolled, and the degradable AZ31 magnesium alloy stent was implanted into the rabbit abdominal aorta. Postoperative abdominal aortic X-ray examination and histological observation were done at 30, 60, 90, 120 days after implantation.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1) X-ray examination: 30 days after implantation, the stent expanded completely with structural integrity; 60 days after implantation, the stent deformation, partial stent fracture, and lose of support were found; 90 days after implantation, only a small amount of support rod residues were found, and the majority of the stent was degraded; and 120 days after implantation, there was no support rod residual, and the stent was degraded completely. (2) Histological observation: 60 days after implantation, the number of residual support rods was less than that 30 days after implantation (P< 0.05), the number value at 90 days after implantation was lower than that at 30 and 60 days after implantation (P< 0.05), and the number value at 120 days after implantation was lower than that at 30, 60, 90 days after implantation (P < 0.05), indicating that the number of residual support rods was negatively correlated with post-implantation days. The time for complete stent degradation was 124.8 days. The intimal area at 90 days after implantation was higher than that at 30, 60, 120 days after implantation (P < 0.05), while the lumen area was smaler than that at 30, 60, 120 days after implantation (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the intimal area and lumen area at latter three time points after implantation. To conclude, the degradation of the degradable AZ31 magnesium alloy stent in the rabbit abdominal aorta can be completed within 124.8 days, and at 90 days after the stent is implanted, vascular intimal hyperplasia and lumen stenosis are most serious, and then gradualy reduced.

Objective To detect the expression of BclGL in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and to investigate its significance.Methods Peripheral blood was obtained from 20 patients with active SLE (A-SLE),18 patients with inactive SLE (Ⅰ-SLE) and 30 healthy controls.Flow cytometry was performed to calculate the number of PBMCs,flow cytometry combined with annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)/propidium iodide (PI) staining to determine the early apoptotic rates of PBMCs,fluorescence-based quantitative PCR and Western blot to measure the expression of BclGL mRNA and protein,respectively.The serum level of interferon (IFN)-α was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Data were analyzed by using the software SPSS13.0.Mann-Whitney U-test or Kruskal-Wallis test was used for group comparisons.Pearson correlation coefficient test was applied to evaluate the relationship of BclGL expression with cell apoptotic rate and some clinical parameters.Results The number of PBMCs was significantly lower in patients with A-SLE than in those with Ⅰ-SLE and healthy controls ((0.16 ± 0.06) × 109/L vs.(0.27 ± 0.14) × 109/L and (0.34 ± 0.23) × 109/L,both P ＜ 0.01).Increased apoptotic rate of PBMCs was observed in patients with A-SLE compared with those with Ⅰ-SLE and healthy controls ((22.6 ± 1.1)％ vs.(16.4 ±0.9)％ and (10.1 ± 0.4)％,both P ＜ 0.01),and in patients with Ⅰ-SLE compared with the healthy controls (P ＜0.01).The mRNA and protein expressions of BclGL in PBMCs were both significantly higher in patients with ASLE than in those with Ⅰ-SLE and healthy controls (all P ＜ 0.01).A significant increase was observed in serum IFN-α level in the patients with SLE compared with the healthy controls ((32.5 ± 2.2) μg/L vs.(15.5 ± 1.3) μg/L,P ＜ 0.01).The mRNA expression of BclGL in PBMCs from patients with SLE was positively correlated with the apoptotic rate in PBMCs (r =0.486,P ＜ 0.01),SLE disease activity index score (r =0.496,P ＜ 0.01),titers of antinuclear antibodies (r =0.516,P ＜ 0.01) and serum IFN-o level (r =0.535,P ＜ 0.01),but was negatively correlated with complement C3 level (r =-0.515,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions The increased expression of BclGL in PBMCs may contribute to the abnormal apoptosis in PBMCs,which in turn takes part in the pathogenesis of SLE.

Objective To evaluate the changes in the expression of aquaporin 1 (AQP1) and aquaporin4 (AQP4) in lung tissues during one-lung ventilation in patients undergoing pulmonary lobectomy.Methods Forty ASA physical status Ⅰ or Ⅱ patients,aged 30-64 yr,weighing 45-79kg,undergoing pulmonary lobectomy,were randomly divided into 2 groups(n=20 each):two-lung ventilation group (group T) and one-lung ventilation group (group O).Anesthesia was induced with iv injection of midazolam,fentanyl,vecuronium and propofol.In group T,the patients were intubated with a single-lumen endotracheal tube and two-lung ventilation was performed.In group O,double-lumen endobranchial tube was inserted,and two-lung ventilation was performed followed by onelung ventilation after chest opening.PET CO2 was maintained at 5.3-24.0 kPa and SpO2 was maintained ＞ 92％.Anesthesia was maintained with iv infusion of remifentanil,propofol and vecuronium.The normal lung tissues were obtained from the site near the pathologic changes for microscopic examination (with light microscope) and examination of the ultrastructure (with transmission electron microscope),and for determination of W/D lung weight ratio,the expression of AQP1 mRNA and AQP4 mRNA (by RT-PCR) and the expression of AQP1 protein and AQP4 protein (by Western blot).Results Compared with group T,W/D lung weight ratio was significantly increased,the expression of AQP1 mRNA and protein was down-regulated in group O (P ＜ 0.05),and no significant changes were found in the expression of AQP4 mRNA and protein in group O (P ＞ 0.05).Pathological changes were observed in group O.Conclusion Down-regulation of AQP1 expression may be involved in the acute lung injury induced by one-lung ventilation in patients undergoing pulmonary lobectomy,however,AQP4 has no such effect.