Asthma ; diagnosis ; Child ; Humans ; Perception

Objective:To identify the normal position of the root tips of lower premolars, first and second molars, the distances through 3-D reconstruction in 100 cases of general population were measured. Methods: The three distances were measured from 100 cases over 17 years old, divided by gender: 1. The distance of Mandible of the Centre (M) under the jaw to the lower edge of the next point (L);2. The distance of Mandible of the Centre (M) and M points to the horizon at the same point of the buccal (O);3. The distance of Mandible of the Centre (M) and M to the point in the same horizontal line at the side of the tongue(I). Results: The second premolar root tip of the jaw bone under the margin of the thick wall, the wall thickness of tongue in cheek bone lateral side of the wall in the first and second molars, the lower edge of the mandible bone wall, the tongue side of the wall, cheek bone side walls were thicker through 3-D reconstruction measurement than in normal way.Cheek bone was much thicker than the tongue side of the wall. Conclusion: The way of identifying the normal lower in the second premolar and the first and second molar root tip through the three distances by 3-D reconstruction will give us lots of help, such as: Orthognathic operation of the mandible sagittal split SSRO, scaling of cysts, planting of a certain theoretical basis for scientific research and teaching to provide a realistic and practical method.

OBJECTIVETo compare the differences between computer aided identification and ultra-thin layer slicing in measuring the lesions of femoral head necrosis,and to confirm the accuracy and practicability of computer aided method.

METHODSFrom June 2012 to December 2013, the X-ray and MRI of 24 patients (24 hips on unilateral) were reviewed, who had avascular necrosis of the femoral head (ANFA) at late stage (stage III and IV) according to the ARCO international staging system. There were 15 males and 9 females, with an average age of (65.1 ± 8.8) years old, ranged 33 to 74 years old. Based on the software system with seeds point identification, the ragional adaptive search method with computer aid was used to calculate the volume of necrotic lesion in femoral on MRI. Then the pathological slices of those intraoperative femoral heads were made to measure the gross volume of necrotic lesion in femoral head,and the values were compared with the data in the computer.

RESULTSFor 24 hips, by the calculation of computer, the necrotic volume was (20.00 ± 3.04) cm (ranged, 18.72 to 21.29 cm³). Under the pathological section, the necrotic volume of the femoral head was (19.89 ± 3.17) cm³ (ranged, 18.55 to 21.23 cm³). In computer and pathology two kinds of measurement, the two entire femoral head volume had no significant difference using these two measurements (t = -1.227, P = 0.232).

CONCLUSIONComputer aided identification for necrotic area of femoral head adaptive can demonstrate the morphology of femoral head necrosis accurately and reliably, which will help surgeon better understand the morphology and orientation in femoral head.

Adult ; Aged ; Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted ; Female ; Femur Head Necrosis ; pathology ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Middle Aged

The design space of the high shear wet granulation process was established and validated within the framework of quality by design (QbD). The system of microcrystalline cellulose-de-ioned water was used in this study. The median granule size and bulk density of granules were identified as critical quality attributes. Plackeet-Burmann experimental design was used to screen these factors as follows: dry mixing time, the impeller and chopper speed of dry mixing, water amount, water addition time, wet massing time, the impeller and chopper speed of wet massing and drying time. And the optimization was implemented with the central composite experimental design based on screened critical process parameters. The design space of the high shear wet granulation process was established based on the quadratic polynomial regression model. Since the P-values of both models were less than 0.05 and values of lack of fit were more than 0.1, the relationship between critical quality attributes and critical process parameters could be well described by the two models. The reliability of design space, illustrated by overlay plot, was improved with the addition of 95% confidence interval. For those granules whose process parameters were in the design space, the granule size could be controlled within 250 to 355 μm, and the bulk density could be controlled within a range of 0.4 to 0.6 g x cm(-3). The robustness and flexibility of the high shear wet granulation process have been enhanced via the establishment of the design space based on the QbD concept.
Cellulose ; chemistry ; Reproducibility of Results ; Technology, Pharmaceutical ; methods ; Water

OBJECTIVETo observe application value of multispectral animal living imaging technology in rats model of osteoarthritis.

METHODSFifteen male SD rats weighed (180 +/- 20) g (3 months old) were received intra-articular injection of iodoacetic acid for establishing osteoarthritis. Articular cavity of left knee of rats were injected into 50 microl iodoacetic acid. The same volume of sterile saline was injected into right knee articular cavity as control. X-ray living imaging and bone mineral density were observed at 2 and 4 weeks after establishment of model. After 4 weeks,rats were sacrificed and their bilateral joints were collected and determined histologically based on Collins classification and Kellgren-Lawrence classification.

RESULTSOsteoarthritis model was successfully established, compared with control group, model group showed typical manifestation of osteoarthritis, including irregular cartilage surface,osteophyte formation,joint deformity and cartilage defect,and combined with significant decrease of bone density (P < 0.01), while the decrease was not obvious in proximal tibia (P < 0.05). After 2 weeks, knee joints in model group was classified as Collins grade 1 and Kellgren-Lawrence grade 2,then classified as Collins grade 4 and Kellgren-Lawrence grade 3 after 4 weeks,control group showed smooth articular surface,normal joint space and intact cartilage surface, knee joints was classified as Collins and Kellgren-Lawrence grade 0, and bone density of distal femur and proximal tibia were normal.

CONCLUSIONMultispectral animal living imaging technology could be used in dynamic observation of living imaging and detection of bone density in the animal model of osteoarthritis, and it is significant for evaluation of osteoarthritis model, and its realted tesearch.

Animals ; Bone Density ; Disease Models, Animal ; Humans ; Knee Joint ; diagnostic imaging ; Male ; Osteoarthritis ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; physiopathology ; Radiography ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the effectiveness of hypnotic and musical relaxation therapy and psychological consultation for parents of children with cleft lip and/or palate (CLP) and to provide a scientific basis of clinical-psychological treatment options.

METHODSSixty-six subjects with children with CLP participated in this study. The subjects were randomly assigned to a test group (n = 33) and a control group (n = 33). The test group was treated with hypnotic and musical relaxation therapy; the control group were subjected to psychological consultation. Anxiety and depression states were evaluated by using a self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) and a self-rating depression scale (SDS) before and after treatment was administered.

RESULTS1) The test group demonstrated a significant decrease in SAS and SDS scores (t = 2.855, P < 0.01; t = 2.777, P < 0.01). The control group showed a significant decrease in the SAS score (t = 1.831, P < 0.05) but failed to show a significant change in the depression score (t = 0.909, P > 0.05). 2) The test group yielded a higher percentage of remission indicated by the SDS scores than the control group (test group = 75.76%; control group = 60.61%; P < 0.05). The test group also displayed a higher percentage of remission indicated by the SAS scores than the control group (test group = 78.79%, test group = 69.70%; P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONHypnotic and musical relaxation therapy can more effectively reduce the scores of the anxiety and depression states of the parents of patients with cleft lip and/or palate than psychological consultation.

Anxiety ; psychology ; therapy ; Child ; Cleft Lip ; psychology ; Cleft Palate ; psychology ; Depression ; psychology ; therapy ; Humans ; Hypnosis ; Music ; Parents ; psychology ; Relaxation Therapy ; methods ; Self-Assessment

The definition of critical quality attributes of Chinese materia medica ( CMM) was put forward based on the top-level design concept. Nowadays, coupled with the development of rapid analytical science, rapid assessment of critical quality attributes of CMM was firstly carried out, which was the secondary discipline branch of CMM. Taking near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy as an example, which is a rapid analytical technology in pharmaceutical process over the past decade, systematic review is the chemometric parameters in NIR model evaluation. According to the characteristics of complexity of CMM and trace components analysis, a multi-source information fusion strategy of NIR model was developed for assessment of critical quality attributes of CMM. The strategy has provided guideline for NIR reliable analysis in critical quality attributes of CMM.
Materia Medica ; standards ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; standards ; Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared ; methods

In this paper, the process performance indexes (PPIs) P(p) and P(pk) were introduced and applied to evaluate the process capability and quality consistence of Chinese medicine products. The historical quality analysis data of Qingkailing injection were collected and taken as the research object. The confidence intervals of P(p) and P(pk) were estimated based on the Bootstrap sampling methods. Results showed that the value and width of the confidence interval P(p) of were smaller that of P(pk) suggesting that the P(pk) index was more sensitive than P(p) in process capability analysis. Within the production period concerned, the P(pk) values estimated from different quality indexes of Qingkailing injection, such as baicalin, cholic acid, geniposide and total nitrogen, were 1.122, 2.055, 1.564 and 0.891, respectively. It could be found that the cholic acid had the highest process capability, followed by the geniposide and baicalin. The total nitrogen had the lowest process capability, indicating that it is necessary to reinforce the quality management of total nitrogen related manufacturing processes. The case studies demonstrate the effectiveness and feasibility of PPIs, which are convenient to be used in production practice of Chinese medicine.
Chemistry, Pharmaceutical ; methods ; standards ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; standards ; Injections ; Quality Control

Objective To study the protective effect and mechanism of ganciclovir(GCV) on acute cerebral injury of mice caused by herpes simplex virus(HCV). Methods Mice model of acute cerebral injury caused by HCV were established, morphological changes in the brain tissue of mouse treated with GCV were observed under the electronic microscope, and the mortality were compared. The HSV - I DNA copies of brain tissue were detected by fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Results In the infected model group, there were obvious swelling, karyopyknosis and destruction of the structure in the brain cells, as well as myelin sheath solution and vacuolar degeneration in the mitochondrion and crest were destroyed. There were the virions in the nucleolus. With the GCV treatment, the symptoms were improved, the mortality much lowered, the yields of HSV - I DNA much lower. Conclusions GCV may restrain replication of HSV-Ⅰ effectively and lower the mortality of mice with acute cerebral injury caused by herpes simplex virus significantly.

Objective This study is to explore the safety,feasibility and efficacy of robotic laparoendoscopic single-site(LESS) zero-ischemia partial nephrectomy.Methods Two patients underwent robotic laparoendoscopic single-site zero-ischemia partial nephrectomy by our urologic surgical team at 22-May-2017 and 31-May-2017 in our institution.The salient patient demographics and tumor characteristics,including age,gender,body mass index (kg/m2),Charlson Co-morbidity Index (Age-weighted),tumor laterality,diameter (cm),R.E.N.A.L.nephrometry score and preoperative split renal function GFR [ml/(min · 1.73 m2)] were:73/56,female/male,25.2/19.8,2/0,lcft/right,1.8/1.4,5a/4a,left 43.8、right 49.2/left 38.8 、right 48.7 respectively.A 2-3 cm longitudinal skin incision was made at 4 cm below the inferior margin of rib arch at the level of midaxillary line (case NO.1) or peri-umbilicus (case NO.2).The da Vinci Si robotic Single-siteTM Port was inserted.The line of Toldt was incised with the colon medially mobilized.Gerota's fascia was opened,the main renal artery or its branches were dissected,then the renal mass fully dissected and exposed.The renal mass was entirely removed with approximately 0.5-1.0 cm surrounding normal renal parenchyma (unclamping in case NO.1,and selective branch clamping in case NO.2) and kidney reconstruction was conducted with 1-0 Quill Suture via hem-o-lock sliding technique.Results The two procedures were smoothly completed without any extra skin incision.Operative duration,estimated blood loss and skin incision length was respectively 230/190 min,100/60 ml,3.6/2.5 cm.Duration of two selective renal artery branches clamping in case NO.2 was 39 and 24 min.Postoperative pain measured by the visual analog pain scale (VASP) at day 1,day 2,day 3 was 5/4,3/3,2/1,Time off oral intake,duration of drainage and length of stay after surgery was 2/4 d、2/4 d、6/7d,respectively.The recovery of both patients were uncomplicated and discharged smoothly.Pathological examination revealed oncocytoma in case NO.1 and papillary renal cell carcinoma in case NO.2.Conclusions The initial experience shows the robotic laparoendoscopic single-site zero-ischemia partial nephrectomy is a safe,feasible and efficacious procedure.It may exhibit clinical benefits for patients in terms of pain control,convalescence and cosmesis,but in this early stage the clinical indications should be strictly controlled.