Objective To investigate the effects of FTY720 on retinal photoreceptor cells and microglial following light-induced degeneration in rat retina.Methods 120 Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups including FTY720 group,solvent control group,model group and normal group.The rats of normal group were not intervened.The FTY720 group,solvent control group and model group establish retinal light injury mode.FTY720 was injected into abdominal cavity of the rats in FTY720 group 0.5 hours before light exposure.50％ dimethylsulfoxide was injected into abdominal cavity of the rats in solvent control group.The expressions of microglial cells in rat retinal were quantified using flow cytometry,the expressions of interleukin (IL)-1β were examined by enzyme-linked immuno sorbent assay at 6 hours,1 day,3 days,7 days after light exposure.The apoptosis of retinal photoreceptor cells were measured by terminal-deoxynucleoitidyl transferase mediated nick end labeling at 1 day after light exposure.The morphological change of retinal were viewed by haematoxylin and eosin staining at 7 days after light exposure.Results The expressions of microgilal and IL-1β began to rise at 1 day after light exposure,reached at peak at 3 days and decreased at 7 days.The expressions of IL-1βand microglial in FTY720 group were significantly lower than solvent control group and model group,but higher than normal group (P＜0.05).One day after exposure to light,the apoptosis cell ratio in normal group,model group,solvent control group and FTY720 group were 0,(87.66 ± 2.50) ％,(86.00 ± 2.44) ％,(49.66 ± 2.80) ％.The apoptosis cell in FTY720 group were higher than normal group,lower than solvent control group and model group (P＜0.05).Seven days after exposure to light,the retinal in normal group was structured and the cell was arranged well,the cell in solvent control group and model group was irregular arrangement and the outer nuclear layer (ONL) was thin after light exposure.The thickness of the ONL in FTY720 group was significantly higher than solvent control group and model group,below normal group.Conclusion FTY720 can prevents retinal photoreceptor cells from apoptosis and inhibits activation of microglial.

Objective To study the characteritics of the species distribution, vancomycin resistance phenotypes, and genotypes in Enterococci in Shenzhen Second People,s Hospital. Methods Screening vancomycin-resistant Enterococci (VRE) with agar screen, and detecting the phenotypes and genotypes of vancomycin resistance or intermediate enterococci with E test and multiple PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism. Results Among 310 Enterococcus spp strains isolated f rom clinical samples, 235 strains (75.8 %) were Enterococcus faecalis, 71 strains (22.9 %)were E. f aecium, 3 strains (1.0%) were Enterococcus gallinarum, and 1 strains (0.3%) was Enterococcus casseliflavus. 7 strains were vancomycin-resistant or intermediate to Enterococci, vanA for 2 strains were detected, vanC1 for 3 strains were detected, vanC2/3 for 1 strains was detected, 1 strains was unknown. Their phenotypes confirmed to the genotypes. Conclusion 2 strains vanA were found. It is important for clinical laboratory to detect VRE with right methods to instruct rational application of antibiotics clinically and prevent VRE prevalence.

Objective To study human prostate cancer tissue specific hytk gene therapy vector using prostate specific antigen (PSA) promoter,and to determine its feasibility. Methods A prostate tissue specific hygromycin phosphotransferase thymidine kinase fusion gene(hytk)vector was established with the substitution of CMV promotor in tgCMV/hytk vector with PSA promotor.The vector was transferred into prostate carcinoma cell lines with FuGENE TM 6.Antitumor effects were observed after GCV treatment. Results PSA promoter that actively drives hytk gene was expressed only in the PSA producing prostate cell line(LNCaP).In vitro experiments demonstrated the LNCaP cells transferred by HyTK gene were killed in the presence of GCV treatment. Conclusions Hytk based vector harboring PSA promoter is a novel ideal candidate vector for prostate carcinoma gene therapy.

OBJECTIVE:To systematically analyze the efficacy and safety of benazepril vs. captopril in the treatment of prima-ry hypertension and provide evidence-based reference for the clinical treatment. METHODS:Cochrane Library,PubMed,EM-Base,CJFD,VIP database and Wanfang database were retrieved to collect the randomized controlled trials (RCT) of benazepril (experiment group)vs. captopril(control group)in the treatment of primary hypertension. After information collection and quality evaluation,Meta-analysis was conducted by using Rev Man 5.0 software. RESULTS:Totally 7 RCTs involving 405 patients were in-cluded. The results of Meta-analysis showed that the level of systolic blood pressure(SBP)[MD=-2.06,95%CI(-3.75,-0.38), P=0.02] and diastolic blood pressure(DBP)[MD=-3.10,95%CI(-5.19,-1.01),P=0.004] in experiment group was sig-nificantly lower than control group;however,there were no significant differences between the efficacy rate of antihypertension [OR=1.63,95%CI(0.69,3.83),P=0.26] and incidence of adverse drug reactions(ADR)[OR=0.81,95%CI(0.46,1.41),P=0.45] in 2 groups. CONCLUSIONS:Benazepril can more effectively lower the blood pressure of patients with primary hypertension than captopril. Due to the limitation of methodology quality,it remains to be further verified by high-quality and large-sample RCT.

Objective To observe the change of vascular endothelial cells and structure of the auricular posterior vein caused by freezing or pingyangmycin injection alone and freezing in combination with pingyangmycin injection,to investigate the effect of these treatments on the vein. Methods Eighteen rabbits were divided into 3 groups of 6 each, and another rabbit was used as a control. (Pingyangmycin) was injected into the auricular posterior vein in the first group, spray freezing within 20 seconds on the auricular posterior vein was performed in the second group,and freezing in combination with pingyangmycin injection was performed in the third group. Light microscope and transmission electron microscope were used to observe the change of auricular posterior vein in the rabbits.Results Proliferation of endothelial cells,and thickening of vessel wall were induced by pingyangmycin. Thrombus formation, tissue oedema and inflammatory infiltration induced by spray freezing within 20 seconds were reversible. Thrombus formation, proliferation of endothelial cells and thickening of the vessel wall was induced by freezing in combination with pingyangmycin injection.Conclusion Freezing and pingyangmycin injection have the synergistic effect, resulting in the proliferation of endothelial cells, thrombus formation, thickening of vessel wall, and even occlusion of vessels.

BACKGROUND: Exercise preconditioning can lighten exercise-induced muscle damage, thereby to avoid delayed onset muscle soreness. At present, experimental research is scarce that apply intedeukin-6 (IL-6), creatine kinase (CK) and creatine kinase isoenzyme (CK-MM) to evaluate skeletal muscle damage.OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of exercise precondiUoning on muscle damage at different phases after eccentric exercise and changes of blood IL-6, CK and CK-MM.DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: The randomized control animal expedmant was carded out in the Animal Laboratory of Chengdu Sports University between 2006 and 2007. MATERIALS: Eighty female adult SD rats, weighing (231.3+12.44) g, were adopted. Eighty rats were randomly divided into without exercise preconditioning group (n=40) and exercise preconditioning group (n=40). Each group was assigned into 5 subsets, termed before exercise, immediately after exercise, 24, 48, 72 hours after exercise, with 8 rats in each subset. METHODS: Except before exercise subset, other rats in the without exercise preconditioning group were forced to do treadmill exercise (19-21 m/min, -16° incline, 90 minutes). All rats of exercise preconditioning group were forced to do eccentric treadmill exercise for two weeks. After two weeks, treadmill test was made for rats except before exercise subset. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Soleus muscle structure, blood IL-6, CK and CK-MM immediately, 24, 48, 72 hours after eccentric exercise.RESULTS: The soleus muscle was damaged after exercise, especially in without exercise preconditioning group at 24-48 hours after exercise. Blood IL-6 of without exercise preconditioning group increased significantly immediately after exercise and then gradually decreased, but again raised at 72 hours after exercise. In the exercise preconditioning group, blood IL-6 slightly reduced immediately after exercise and then gradually increased. Peak value appeared at 48 hours. After exercise, IL-6 of exercise preconditioning group was obviously lower than that of without exercise preconditioning group. Before exercise, serum CK and CK-MM of exercise preconditioning group were less than that of without exercise preconditioning group. After exercise, the CK and CK-MM were firstly raised and then reduced in two groups. Except 72 hours after exercise subset, the variation of CK and CK-MM of exercise preconditioning group was lower than that of without of exercise preconditioning group. CONCLUSION: Exercise preconditioning is redounded to lighten the ultrastructure injury of skeletal muscle induced by eccentric exercise and blood indices changes induced by exercise stress. The individual variation of CK and CK-MM is so tremendous that they fit the comparison of intrasubject variability.

Objective To guarantee the quality of measurenents with the radon-thoron discriminative detectors of our laboratory.Methods LD-P radon-thoron discriminative detector participated in the international intercomparison for integrating radon/thoron detectors organized by National Institute of Radiological Science (NIRS,Japan).Detectors were sent to NIRS for exposure.Radon intercomparison was conducted with radon chamber providing three levels of exposure:low,medium and high levels.Thoron intercomparison was carried out at thoron chamber,which also provided three levels of exposure:low,medium and high levels.Detectors were posted back to our laboratory for etching and analysis after exposure.Then the measured values were submitted to NIRS.Finally the reference values were informed of us.Results The relative percent difference (RPD) between the measured value and the reference value for radon was-13.8％,-14.4％ and-17.1％ at low,medium and high levels respectively,and that of thoron were-14.4％,8.9％ and-3.2％ at three levels respectively.Conclusions Both radon and thoron measurement of our detectors rank asCategory Ⅰ in the 4th international intercomparisons for integrating radon/thoron detectors with the NIRS radon/thoron chambers.

Ear, Middle ; abnormalities ; Eustachian Tube ; abnormalities ; Female ; Humans ; Infant

Objective To explore pathogenes and pathogenesis of acute cerebral infarction (ACI) from the perspective of integrated traditional and western medicine.Methods To categorize the tongue and pulse manifestation of 64 ACI patients and calculate their frequency,constituent ratios.Meanwhile,patients' blood pressure and laboratory examination results are given descriptive and statistical analysis,showing their means and standard deviations,etc.Results The frequency of dark-red tongue,thin-greasy tongue fur,greasy-yellow tongue fur and taut-slippery is respectively 48,34,20,and 41,constituting 77.4％,54.8％,32.3％,64.1％ of the patients examined respectively; Mean and standard deviation of systolic blood pressure (SBP),total cholesterol (TC),white blood cell (WBC),neutrophil percentage (NEUT％),fasting plasma glucose (FPG),and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) is respectively (141.20± 19.20)mm Hg (1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa)、(4.47±0.97) mmol/L、(7.83±2.63) × 109/L、(71.61±9.65)％、(6.16±2.25)mmol/L、and (6.60±1.66)％.Conclusion In terms of pathogens,wind,stasis,heat (fire) and turbid pathogen (phlegm,dampness,etc.) are important factors in bringing out ACI; In respect of ACI pathogenesis characteristics,healthy qi is slightly damaged and pathogenic qi is exuberant.Yet,the role of modern medical examination results,such as blood pressure,blood glucose,blood lipids etc.in the assessment of ACI pathogens and pathogenesis awaits further exploration.

Objective · To investigate the role of interleukin-10 (IL-10) in regulating ocular neovascularization (NV). Methods · Expression of IL-10 was investigated in mice with oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR) and transgenic mice with VEGF expression in photoreceptors by immunofluorescence,RT-PCR, and Western blotting. Mice deficient in IL-10 were used to test the effect of IL-10 in retinal, sub-retinal, and choroidal NV. Results · In OIR mice and transgenic mice with VEGF expression in photoreceptors, the staining intensity and mRNA expression of IL-10 were increased. Mice deficient in IL-10 showed a significant reduction in ischemia-induced retinal NV, and choroidal NV at rupture sites in Bruch's membrane. Mice lacking IL-10 showed reduced levels of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) and suppression of ischemia-induced expression of VEGF and VEGF receptor 1. Macrophage was regulated and reduced in ischemic retina of mice with IL-10 deficiency. Conclusion · IL-10 stimulates ocular NV through modulation of HIF-1α and its target genes VEGF and VEGF receptor 1. IL-10 promotes ocular NV via macrophage response to retina ischemia.