Objective: The paper endeavors to explore effective efficiency evaluation system for large-scale equipment in universities by considering status quo of large-scale equipment management. Methods: Existing efficiency evaluation systems of large-scale equipment are carefully examined in terms of current application, management and evaluation results. Based on comprehensive evaluation index system, specific evaluation standards are established, according to which evaluations are conducted. Results: Established based on large-scale equipment’ application, specific efficiency evaluation indexes and weights therefore could comprehensively and objectively reflect service efficiency of large-scale equipment. Conclusion:Comprehensive and objective efficiency evaluation can better reflect service efficiency of large-scale equipment and thus provide reliable reference for purchasers.

According to the correlative analyses on Chinese medicine essence, dosage forms and quality control level, it expounds the precise concept of Chinese medicine, and its quality advantages and characteristics in this paper, furthermore discusses how to achieve the ideal drugs and Chinese medicine quality precision in expectation. Base on the Chinese medicine essence, using the concept of nature medicine and its drug system to construct Chinese medicine effective material basis and its drugs, with the correlative analyses of whole view and reductionism, the problems of uncertainty quality of original natural medicinal resources and preparations may well be solved, and further with the macroscopic to microcosmic construction of drug system, the precision in expectations of Chinese medicine quality and higher production lever may well be achieved.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; standards ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Precision Medicine ; Quality Control

Objective To evaluate the feasibility and safety of transjugular liver biopsy( TJLB) by using the LABS 200 liver access and biopsy set ( Cook Inc, USA) .Methods Five minipigs were operated though TJLB puncture under the imaging guidance.The liver biopsies were analyzed by histological examination.Results Technical success of TJLB was achieved in all the 5 minipigs.No procedure-related complications occurred, and sufficient amount of specimen for histological examination was obtained in all cases.Conclusions Our preliminary results indicate that transjugular liver biopsy with the use of Cook LABS 200 liver access and biopsy set is clinically safe and feasible, and provide technical support for its clinical application.

At present, microbe surface display system mainly involves phage surface display system, bacte- rial surface display system, yeast surface display system and virus surface display system. Baculovirus sur- face display system is a new type of eukaryote surface display system which developed based on deeply un- derstanding of construction and function of virus genome in recent years. Through fused expression with vi- ral capsid or membrane proteins exogenous peptides can be displayed on the surface of the virus and formed hedgehog-shape "fake virus". Baculovirus surface display system was characterized by safeness and high performance, furthermore, this system can complete post-translation processing and modification of protein to enhance the bioactivity of exogenous product. Combined with the author’s experimental work, this paper briefly introduces the mechanism and traits of this system and summarizes the newest research development on its application in the field of monoclonal antibody preparation, new-type vaccine development, genes transduction and genes therapy. It is believed that the system above may show extensive application through further improvement and optimization.

AIM: To investigate the effects of epigallocatechin-3-gallate(EGCG) on 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion(MPP+)-induced apoptosis in rat pheochromocytoma(PC12) cells and to explore the relationships between its roles of anti-oxidation,intracellular calcium homeostasis and anti-apoptosis.METHODS: Rat PC12 cells were pretreated with vehicle control or EGCG(10,50,and 100 ?mol/L) for 30 min,then cultured with MPP+(900 ?mol/L) for 24 h.The cell viability and apoptosis were monitored by MTT assay and flow cytometry using Annexin V and PI.The activity of intracellular reactive oxygen species(ROS),contents of superoxide dismutase(SOD) and malondialdehyde(MDA),cytoplasmic Ca2+ density and apoptotic morphology of mitochondria were examined by fluorescent plate-based assays,confocal microscope,and transmission electron microscope,respectively.RESULTS: MPP+ impaired the PC12 cells in a concentration-dependent pattern and induced apoptosis of the cells(31% versus control).Compared with the control,the cells pretreated with EGCG showed markedly higher rate of viability and lower apoptosis.Meanwhile,EGCG pretreatment significantly increased the SOD activity and decreased the levels of MDA and ROS.Interestingly,EGCG also decreased the concentration of cytoplasmic Ca2+ and improved the morphology of mitochondria.CONCLUSION: EGCG exhibits inhibitory effects on MPP+-induced apoptosis in rat PC12 cells,which is possibly associated with increasing the cell ability of anti-oxidation and decreasing the concentration of cytoplasmic Ca2+.

Aim To investigate the antagonistic action of EGCG on apoptosis of rat PC12 cell induced by MPP+.Methods PC12 cells were cultured and the apoptosis induced by MPP+(900 ?mol?L-1)was observed.The cells were randomly divided into 6 groups:blank group without any treatment,MPP+ control group,vitamin E group and EGCG groups(10,50,100 ?mol?L-1).After treatment of drugs,cell viability,leakage of LDH,morphological changes of mitochondria and apoptosis were detected by MTT,Hoechst 33342 staining,transmission electron microscope and flow cytometry,respectively.Results After treatment of cultured PC12 cells with MPP+,cell viability was decreased,leakage of LDH and apoptotic rate were increased,and mitochondria swelling,vacuole and cristae breakage were observed.Vitamin E and EGCG en-hanced cell viability,reduced the leakage of LDH and apoptotic rate,and decreased the damage degree of mitochondria.Conclusions EGCG possesses the ability of inhibiting rat PC12 cell apoptosis induced by MPP+,and its protective action may relate to its function of keeping mitochondria integrality.

No abstract available.
Gallbladder*

OBJECTIVETo explore the effects of Wenyang Huazhuo Tongluo Recipe (WYHZTLR) containing serum on transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1)/Smad signaling pathway of skin fibroblasts in systemic sclerosis (SSc).

METHODSTotally 36 SSc patients were randomly assigned to Chinese medicine (CM) group, Western medicine (WM) group, and integrative medicine (IM) group according to random digit table, 12 in each group. Patients in the CM group took WYHZTLR decoction (one dose per day). Patients in the WM group took penicillamine tablet (0. 125 g each time, bid) and Prednisone Acetate Tablet (PAT 20 mg, qd). Patients in the IM group took penicillamine, PAT, and WYHZTLR decoction (in the same dosage of corresponding drugs as aforesaid). All patients were treated for one month to get drug containing serum. Besides, 10 untreated SSc patients' serum was taken as the control group. Healthy subjects' skin fibroblasts were originated from healthy skin tissue of the upper arms of 2 female patients undergoing plastic surgery. Corresponding serum of each group was added in the culture system of SSc patients' and healthy subjects' dermal fibroblasts respectively. Expression levels of TGF-β1 receptor type I (TGF-β1 RI), TGF-β1 receptor II (TGF-β1 RII), p-Smad2/3 and Smad7 protein were examined by Western blot. Expression levels of collagen type I and collagen type III (Col-I, Col-III) mRNA were examined by reverse transcription PCR. Contents of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1 (TIMP-1) in the supernatant of SSc, skin fibroblasts were examined by ELISA.

RESULTSCompared with the control group, expression levels of TGF-β1 R I and p-Smad2/3 protein significantly decreased, but expression levels of Smad7 protein significantly increased in skin fibroblasts of SSc patients and healthy subjects of WM, CM, and IM groups (P <0.05, P <0. 01). Meanwhile, the expression level of TGF-β1 RII decreased in the IM group (P <0. 05, P <0. 01). Compared with the WM group, expression levels of TGF-β1 RI and p-Smad2/ 3 protein significantly decreased, but that of Srnad7 protein significantly increased in IM groups (P <0. 01). mRNA expression levels of Col-I and Col-II in SSc skin fibroblasts significantly decreased more in WM, CM, and IM groups than in the control group (P <0. 05, P <0. 01). Besides, the expression level of Col-III mRNA was significantly lower in the IM group than in the WM group (P <0.01). Compared with the control group, serum levels of MMP-9 and MMP-9/TIMP-1 ratios increased more obviously in WM, CM, and IM groups (P <0.05, P <0.01). But expression levels of TIMP-1 decreased significantly in CM and IM groups (P <0.01). Expression levels of MMP-9 and MMP-9/TIMP-1 ratios increased more in the IM group than in the WM group (P <0. 01). Expression levels of TIMP-1 decreased more in CM and IM groups than in the WM group (P <0.01).

CONCLUSIONWYHZTLR containing serum could reduce expression levels of Col-I and Col-III possibly through regulating key signal molecules, such as TGF-β1 RI, p-Smad2/3, and Smad7 in TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway of SSc skin fibroblasts, and inhibiting transduction of TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway.

Collagen Type I ; Collagen Type III ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Fibroblasts ; Humans ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 ; Scleroderma, Systemic ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; drug effects ; Smad2 Protein ; Smad7 Protein ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1 ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo compare the retention of selected cores to all-ceramic posts in post-and-core system, in which the ceramic core was combined with the post by direct sintering, adhering, and the composite resin core was formed onto the post.

METHODSA total of 15 all-ceramic post fabricated by alumina-zirconia nano-composite infiltrated ceramics were divided into three groups. In group A, forming and combining the ceramic core with the post by direct sintering. In group B, combining the ceramic core with the post by adhering. In group C, forming composite resin core onto the post. Each specimen was placed into a special jig along the post axis and subjected to a load on INSTRON 4302 universal testing instrument until failure.

RESULTSThere was a statistically significant difference between the groups (P < 0.01). Group A showed a significantly higher retention which was 3.04 and 2.88 times as high as group B and C respectively (P < 0.01). There was no significant difference between adhering and composite resin core (P> 0.05).

CONCLUSIONA reliable retention of the core to the post can be achieved when the alumina-zirconia nanocomposite infiltrated ceramic core is formed and combined with the post by direct sintering, which offers significantly higher retention than adhering and forming composite resin core onto the post.

Aluminum Oxide ; Ceramics ; Composite Resins ; Dental Porcelain ; Dental Restoration Failure ; Humans ; Materials Testing ; Post and Core Technique ; Zirconium

Objective To investigate the specific immune responses induced by DNA vaccine com-bined with recombinant adenovirus carrying major outer membrane protein ( MOMP) gene of Chlamydia trachom-atis (Ct) serovar E.Methods Recombinant eukaryotic expression plasmid pVAX 1-MOMP and recombinant adenovirus Ad-MOMP were constructed and purified .Four immunization strategies were designed including DNA immunization (DNA group), recombinant adenovirus immunization (Ad group), DNA prime-recombinant ade-novirus boost regimen ( DNA/Ad group ) and recombinant adenovirus prime-DNA boost regimen ( Ad/DNA group) .Two weeks after the final immunization , vaginal wash specimens , blood samples and spleens were col-lected from all mice for the evaluation of humoral and cellular immune responses .Results Th1 responses and mucosal responses were not found in DNA group .Ad group induced both Th 1 responses and local mucosal re-sponses , and its IgG and IgA levels were significantly higher than those in DNA group .DNA/Ad group and Ad/DNA group induced stronger Th 1 responses and humoral responses than DNA and Ad group .Serum antibodies and mucosal antibodies in DNA/Ad group were higher than those in Ad/DNA group, but Th1 responses in DNA/Ad group were impaired than those in Ad/DNA group.Conclusion The recombinant adenovirus could induce Th1 responses and genital mucosal responses .Combined immunization of DNA/Ad or Ad/DNA showed enhanced specific immune responses in comparison with the single immunization with DNA or Ad .The differ-ences between the two combination methods were that DNA /Ad group stimulated higher levels of specific anti-body responses , while Ad/DNA group produced stronger Th 1 responses .The study provided a reference for the enhancement and development of vaccines against Chlamydia trachomatis in further studies .