Xigu is an important term and concept in the theory of acupuncture and moxibustion. In this paper, textual research is performed to trace the original meaning of the Inner Canon of Yellow Emperor; and by referencing medical experts' annotation and research in the history, the interpretation and annotation of Xigu is conducted. Besides, the relationship between Xigu and acupoint is discussed and emphasized. Hence, this paper could provide reference for acupoint theoretical research and clinical practice of acupuncture.
Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; history ; China ; History, Ancient ; Humans ; Medicine in Literature

Objective To study the expression levels of Bcl-2 and Caspase-3 protein in osteosarcoma,and discuss the role of Bcl-2 and Caspase-3 gene in the occurrence and development of human osteosarcoma,as well the relationship between their expression levels and Ennecking staging.Methods SP immunohistochemical staining assay was applied to detecting the expression levels of Bcl-2 and Caspase-3 protein in 30 aptients with osteosarcoma,and the results were analyzed with SPSS11.0 software.Results The positive rate of Bcl-2 and Caspase-3 protein in osteosarcoma was respectively 73.3% and 86.7%.There were prominent differences of positive rate of Bcl-2 and Caspase-3 between osteosarcoma and osteochondroma groups.The expression rates of Bcl-2 and Caspase-3 protein had no significant difference among osteosarcoma Ennecking grade Ⅰ to grade Ⅲ respectively.In osteosarcoma group,no correlation existed between the expression rates of Bcl-2 and Caspase-3(P＞0.05).Conclusion Although the occurrence and development of human osteosarcoma are correlated with the dropout of apoptosis,they are implicated in a complicated course participated by multiple genes and procedures.Bcl-2 and Caspase-3 gene play a certain role partly.SP immunohistochemical staining assay shows a higher sensitivity in detecting the expression of Bcl-2 and Caspase-3 protein in osteosarcoma;however,their expression levels were not correlative to Ennecking staging.Therefore,the expression of Bcl-2 and Caspase-3 may not be used as the criteria of the malignant degree and prognosis of osteosarcoma.

Objective To study the possible protective effect of low dose whole body γ-irradia-tion on dopaminergic neuron. Methods In 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-in-duced injury mice model,the levels of dopamine (DA) and its metabolites in striata of mice were detec-ted by igh performance liquid chromatogram (HPLC), and neurons (dopaminergic neuron, activated gitter cell and horizontal cell) were counted by immunohistochemical staining after low dose whole body irradiation. Results 3.5 Gy irradiation significantly restored the levels of DA and its metabolites decreased by MPTP. Conclnsion Low dose whole-body γ-irradiation does offer neuroproteetion againstMPTP- mediated damage of striatal dopaminergic nerve fibers.

Molecular targeted agents for small cell lung cancer have been introduced in great many clinical trials in recent years. The classes of targeted agents include antiangiogenic agents,growth factor receptor inhibitors,Bcl-2 inhibitors,SCR kinase inb.ibitors, recombinant molecules N-901 and inhibitors of the sonic hedgehog signaling pathway. The class of antiangiogenic agents,including bevacizumab and thalidomide,is be-ing evaluated in phase Ⅱ and Ⅲ trials. The tyrosine and Scr kinase inhibitors are being evaluated in phase Ⅰ and Ⅱ trials. The recombinant molecule, N-901 is undergoing phase Ⅱ testing in patients with relapsed small cell lung cancer. The other pathways undergoing evaluation for the development of pharmacologic agents include inhibiturs of bcl-2 and sonic hedgehog signaling,which are being tested in the earliest phases of clinical evalua-tion. Primary data shows small cell lung cancer is not sensitive to targeted therapy and further studies are re-quested.

Minimally invasive treatment has received increasing attention in the field of tumor therapy. Imaging-guided ablation (phys-ical or chemical) and 125I particle implantation have recently become first-line therapies for malignant tumors. A comparison with com-puted tomography, ultrasound, or digital subtraction angiography (DSA) illustrates that magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) shows ex-treme superiority in both intracranial tumor diagnosis and interventional therapy. Nevertheless, MRI also has a deficiency. This study aims to discuss the value of an MRI-guided minimally invasive treatment in glioma and its metastatic tumor.

Objective To explore the optimum treatment of low back pain due to osteoporosis.Methods60 female patients aged 60～86 years with low back pain due to osteoporosis treated from January, 2007 to December, 2009 were investigated.ResultsCompared with spinal radicle block, silver needle combined with dorsal spinal radicle block could treat low back pain due to osteoporosis more effectively and its long term curative effect was obvious.ConclusionSilver needle combined with dorsal spinal radicle block has good analgesic effect on low back pain due to osteoporosis.

Dust ; Humans ; Pneumoconiosis ; etiology

A Review Many studies indicate that apoptosis is involved in the progression of congestive heart failure. At present, mechanisms that mitochondria regulates cell apoptosis is widely accepted.Cardiac myocytes have abundant mitochondria,which plays an important role in maintenance of cell physiological function. Recent studies find that cardiac energy metabolic shifts occur as a normal response to diverse physiologic and dietary conditions and as a component of the pathophysiologic processes which accompany cardiac hypertrophy, heart failure, and myocardial ischemia.Both clinical and experimental studies show that cardiac function can be improved and apoptosis is inhibited by intervention in energetic metabolism of myocytes. [

Objective To optimize the temporal bone scanning parameters, upgrade the picture quality, shorten the scanner time, and decrease the radiographic exposure during the scanning. Methods The scanning was performed on 20 volunteers using 16 spiral CT in the same position and range with optimizer parameters and general parameters respectively, and then the volume data were collected. Results Through comparision and analysis of the images of the 20 volunteers, 17 of them using the optimizer parameters were better than those using general ones, 2 of them showed no obvious difference, and 1 was not as good as the general one. Conclusions Through the experiment and the statistics of 1000 cases using optimizer parameters, the picture quality using optimizer parameters is better, the scanner time is 1/7 of the general scanning, and the radiographic exposure is decreased. Optimizer parameters are better than the general ones and worth popularizing.

AIM: To establish an HPLC for determining notoginsenoside R1,ginsenoside Rg1,ginsenoside Rb1 in Xueshuantong Injection (total saponin of Radix et Rhizoma Notoginseng).METHODS: The analysis was performed on UltimateTM XB C18 column(4.6 mm ? 250 mm,5 ?m) with a gradient mobile phase of acetonitrile(A)water(B) (0-30 min,20% A→38% A;30-31 min 38% A→20% A;31-40 min,20% A) at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min.The column temperature was maintained at 40 ℃,and the detection wavelength was set at 203 nm.RESULTS:The linear range of notoginsenoside R1 fell within 0.40 -4.01 ?g (r =0.999 9 ) and the average recovery was 99.36 % (RSD = 0.72% ,n = 6).The linear range of ginsenoside Rg1 fell within 1.47-14.69 ?g (r = 0.999 9) and the average recovery rate was 99.41% (RSD = 0.52% ,n = 6).The linear range of ginsenoside Rb1 fell within 1.50-15.03 ?g(r = 0.999 9) and the average recovery rate was 99.47% (RSD = 0.50% ,n = 6).CONCLUSION: This method is accurate,simple,rapid and can be used for the quality control of Xueshuantong Injection.