The importance of pre-microbiological analysis has been widely recognized.With the standardization and automation of the clinical microbiological test, convenient, fast and high-performance sample collection and transport systems are important for the validity of clinical microbiology testing.The aim of this article is to make an introduction of the progress of clinical microbiological species collection and transport systems.More attentions should be paid to the pre-analysis to improve the quality of clinical microbiology testing.

Objective To investigate the relationship between Chlamydia pneumoniae(CP),Helicobacter pylori(HP),high-sensitivity C-reactive protein(hs-CRP) and the stability of carotid artery atherosclerotic plaque(CAP).Methods One hundred and twenty patients with carotid artery scleratheroma,assigned as CAP group,were divided into stable plaque group(n=37) and unstable plaque group(n=83) based on imaging and pathological examinations.Eighty-six elderly individuals,who underwent health examination in the same period,were assigned as control group.The serum levels of CP IgG,and HP IgG of all the involved individuals were determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA),and serum level of hs-CRP was measured by immunoturbidimetry.Results There existed significant differences in positive rate of CP IgG,HP IgG and CRP level between CAP group and control group(P

Objective:To observe the changes of structure and function of pharyngeal muscle in SD rats with altitude hypoxia induced obstructive sleep apnea syndrome(OSAS),in an attempt to investigate the remodeling of pharyngeal space and the possible biomechanical mechanism of OSAS.Methods:Twenty-four SD rats(12 male and 12 female) were randomly assigned to 4 groups with 6 rats in each group.Rats in group A and B were male and those in group C and D were female.Rats in group A and C were placed in altitude chamber and treated with altitude hypoxia 6 h per day for 22 days.The pressure in the chamber was 53.9 kPa with an oxygen concentration of 10.0%-11.2%.Rats in group B and D,serving as controls,received no treatment.All rats were sacrificed on the 23~(rd)day.The open-angle and the inside diameter of rats′ pharyngeal-ring and the pathology of pharyngeal tissues were examined in all rats.Results: The open-angles of rats′ pharyngeal-ring of group A, B,C and D were(55?24)?,(15?8)?,(38?20)?,and(35?15)?,respectively;and the inside diameters of the pharyngeal-ring(cm) were(0.4?0.2,) 0.2?0.1,0.3?0.1,and 0.3?0.1,respectively.The open-angle and the inside diameter of rats′ pharyngeal-ring in group A were significantly higher(P

Objective To evaluate the role of early postoperative enteral immunonutrition on host nutritional status,immune and inflammatory responses.Methods Ninety six patients with gastric cancer were randomized to receive either an immune enhancing enteral diet or an isocaloric,isonitrogenous control diet for 7 days.Enteral feeding was initiated 24 hours after surgery.Host immunity was evaluated by IgG、IgM、IgA、CD4、CD8、CD4/CD8,and inflammatory response was reflected by IL-1?、IL-2、IL-6、IL-10、TNF-?.Total protein,albumin,prealbumin,transferring and nitrogen balance were determined as nutritional indicators.Results After the study,prealbumin,IgA,CD4,and CD4/CD8 levels were significantly higher in study group than in control group.IL-6,TNF-?concentrations were significantly lower in study group than in control group.Conclusions Postoperative administration of immunonutrtion in patients with gastric cancer can positively modulate postoperative immunosuppressive and inflammatory responses.

0.05).Conclusion IPAT sequence can gain super images in less time with more coils.IPAT sequence needs the distance between coil and checkpoint larger than 5 mm.MRI scan for vertebra just fit it.We think cutting scan time is a direct and effective method to decrease constructed defect.

Objective:To investigate the effect of high-volume hemofiltration(HVHF) on serum levels of IL-6 and pulmonary expression of IL-6 mRNA in pigs with multiple organ dysfunction syndrome(MODS).Methods: Twenty-five pigs were randomly divided into model group,control group and HVHF group.Animals in control group were injected with normal saline,and those in the other 2 groups were treated with "a second hit" to establish MODS model,then animals in HVHF group was treated with HVHF for 3 days.Serum IL-6 levels were determined by ELISA and Real-time quantitative PCR was used to determine the expression level of IL-6mRNA.Lymphocyte apoptosis was detected by Annexin-Ⅴ/PI flow cytometry.Results: After HVHF,the serum indices associated with organ-function and the morbidity and mortality were much lower than those in MODS model group(P

With artificial intelligence,the authors designed an Expert System for the Differential Diagnosis and Treatment of Lumbago.ESSDTL shows that it not only helps doctors to diagnose the illness of lumbago but also helps young doctors and medical students to gain experience by running practical cases and explaining their procedures for diagnosing and treting the diseases through ESDDTLexplanation facilities.

It is reported that more than 95% microbe species non-cultured or un-cultured yet in now days by the traditional cultivation approach, which limits discovering novel bioactive compounds from microorganisms. ‘Metagenome’ is the genomes of the total microbiota found in nature. Metagenome libraries were constructed by directly extracting DNA from environmental sample and transforming to surrogate host. The libraries were screened for novel bioactive compounds or genes surrounding their synthase in different strategies of function-driven or sequence-driven. These have enormously amplified the space of microbial resource utilization and enhanced the opportunity of obtain novel bioactive compounds.

Purpose:To evaluate the therapeutic effect of serratia marcescens vaccine(S 311 ) in treatment of malignant pleural effusion. Methods:56 patients with malignant pleural effusion were treated with serratia marcescens vaccine, another 32 cases were treated with DDP and 5 FU as control. Results:Response rates were 94.6% and 78.1%. Average effectual times were 9.7and 17.2 days. Statistical difference was noted between these two groups. The toxicities in group SMV were fever and thoracalgia .No other serious side reactions occurred in group S 311 . Conclusions:The therapy with S 311 can effectively control the malignant pleural effusion. The effect was quick. The side effect was light and this treatment can improve the life quality of patients. Therefore, it is warranted for wide use.

Objective To study the role of protein kinase B(PKB) in gastric cancer BGC-823 cells treated by TPA. Methods Flow cytomety(FAC) and fluorescence microscope were used to detect the effect of TPA on gastric cancer BGC-823 cells,after cells were treated by BrdU and stained by DAPI,respectively.The effect of TPA on the expression level of PKB protein and its phosphorylation of Ser 473 and Thr 308 were investigated by Western blotting.When nuclear and cytoplasmic protein fractions were prepared through lysis of cell and centrifugation,the effect of TPA on the expression level of PKB protein and its phosphorylation of Ser 473 in cytoplasm and nuclei were detected by Western blotting.Meanwhile,the effect of TPA on the distribution of PKB was observed under laser-scanning confocal microscope with immunofluorescence technique. Results TPA induced the apoptosis of gastric cancer BGC-823 cells.It also induced the inhibition of PKB protein expression in a TPA concentration-dependent and time-dependent manner in gastric cancer BGC-823 cells,regardless of dephosphorylation of PP2A.TPA inhibited the phosphorylation of PKB at Ser 473,but it did not affect its phosphorylation at Thr308.TPA only attenuated the expression level of PKB and its phosphorylation of Ser 473 in nuclei,whereas it did not change the distribution of PKB in BGC-823 cells.Conclusion These data suggest that the inhibition of PKB plays an important role in mediating the effect of TPA in gastric cell line.Apoptosis induced by TPA is partly due to the inhibition of PKB and its phosphorylation of Ser 473 in nuclei.