Aquatic plant duckweed can enrich high concentration of arsenic, it is thus used as the representative of phytofiltration.The mechanism of arsenic tolerance in duckweeds has received much concern.In this study, synchrotron radiation X-ray fluorescence (SRXRF) and X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) techniques were used to study the micro-distribution and speciation of arsenic in natural As-rich duckweed from lead-zinc mine.Two monolithic duckweeds, FP1 and FP2, were analyzed by micro SRXRF, setting single point scan time and spot size were 5 s, 70 μm×80 μm and 2 s, 100 μm×100 μm respectively.Six points of FP2 were selected and analyzed by micro XANES in energy range of 11.81-11.96 keV.Pressed-pellet duckweed was analyzed by bulk XANES in energy range of 11.67-12.27 keV.The result showed that As(Ⅲ) was the major speciation of duckweed from bulk XANES and micro-XANES data.SRXRF micro analysis showed that arsenic had significant vein distribution in duckweed, and was not spread into the photosynthetic mesophyll within certain concentration, which may reduce the leaf toxicity triggered by arsenic.This vein distribution may play a role in arsenic tolerance in duckweed.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of patient education on patients with allergic rhinitis (AR). METHOD: From January 2009 to December 2013, 100 cases of allergic rhinitis were treated. The patients were randomly divided into experimental group or control group by Stochastic tables law,50 patients in control group accepted only drug treatment, 50 patients in experimental group accepted both drug treatment and patient education. The difference in compliance with treatment, treatment effect, incidence of adverse drug reactions and complications, average costs and times of treatment between two groups were evaluated by the rhinoconjunctivitis quality of life questionnaire (RQLQ) score. The independent sample t-test and χ2 test were used for statistical analysis. RESULT: The patients of experimental group showed more positive attitude to treatment compared to the patients of control group (P < 0.01). The average scores of each classification and overall symptoms after treatment in experimental group were lower than those in control group (P < 0.05). The incidence of adverse drug reactions (nose-bleed, dry nose,nasal mucosa ulcer)and complications in patients with AR (asthma, chronic cough, secretory otitis media) in experimental group was lower than that in control group, with statistically differences (P < 0.05). The average times of treatment and costs of diagnosis and treatment(calculation of budesonide nasal spray)in experimental group were significantly lower than those in control group (P < 0.01). The total score for RQLQ and the scores of seven dimensions in experimental group were lower than those in control group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Patient education can help the patients with AR to cooperate actively with treatment, to reduce the incidence of adverse drug reactions and AR complications, and to save medical costs and improve the quality of life.
Budesonide ; therapeutic use ; Chronic Disease ; Humans ; Incidence ; Patient Education as Topic ; Patient Participation ; Quality of Life ; Rhinitis, Allergic ; therapy ; Surveys and Questionnaires

Objective To compare the errors of double-center and single-center setup, and to study the role of both on reducing the rotational setup errors for the patients with esophageal carcinoma depend on rigid registration errors between online kV-cone-beam computed tomography (kV-CBCT) images and plans for CT images. Methods 20 patients with middle esophageal carcinoma received image scanning before treatment every week by using double-center setup and CBCT, and single-center setup images of 20 patients were taken from the X volume image (XVI) system. Then the images of both setup types, registration errors of CT image and rotational setup errors were compared respectively. Every patient received kV-CBCT scanning analysis before treatment every week, and 6 times in total. 240 group of kV-CBCT images from all of the patients were off-line matched with plans for CT images to calculate the errors of X-axis, Y-axis, Z-axis. Then the data of linear errors and rotational setup errors from patients were collected, aiming at putting the error data into the patients treatment program and analyzing the significances. Results The standard registration of double-center setup was as follows: T (X) (0.28 ±0.19) cm, T (Y) (0.27 ±0.19) cm, T (Z) (0.33 ±0.12) cm, R (X) (0.40 ±0.19)° , R (Y) (0.30 ±0.18)° , R (Z) (0.30 ±0.19)° . The standard registration of single-center setup was as follows:T(X) (0.32±0.20) cm, T(Y) (0.29±0.25)cm, T(Z) (0.31±0.16) cm, R(X) (2.2±0.68)°, R(Y) (0.5±0.32)°, R(Z) (2.10±0.60)°. There were statistical differences between linear errors in T(X) and rotational setup errors in R(X), R(Y) or R(Z) (P< 0.05). Conclusion Double-center position can reduce the rotational setup errors, especially in X-axis, Y-axis errors, and may provide more help for the radiation oncology departments without on-board CBCT.

Objective:To analyze the cardiac dosimetry of lymph node irradiation in the internal breast region after left-sided breast cancer surgery and to assess its impact on patients' quality of life.Methods:The clinical data of 108 patients who underwent inverse intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) after left-sided breast cancer surgery in Cancer Hospital of Nantong University from May 2019 to May 2021 were collected and retrospectively analyzed, and divided into a study group (with internal breast, 55 cases) and a control group (without internal breast, 53 cases) according to whether the postoperative radiotherapy included lymph node irradiation in the internal breast region. The dosimetric indexes of planned target area (PTV) , cardiac tolerance, serum myocardial injury markers and quality of life before and after radiotherapy were compared between the two groups.Results:In terms of PTV dosimetry, the conformality index (CI) of the study group and the control group were 0.73±0.07 and 0.75±0.08, the homogeneity index (HI) were 0.17±0.03 and 0.17±0.02, the D max were (55.69±1.02) Gy and (55.46±1.13) Gy, the D mean were (50.54±0.23) Gy and (50.48±0.21) Gy respectively, there were no statistically significant differences ( t=1.38, P=0.169; t<0.01, P>0.999; t=1.11, P=0.269; t=1.41, P=0.160) . In terms of cardiac receptivity, the D mean of the two groups were (5.93 ± 0.32) Gy, (5.64 ± 0.30) Gy, V 40 were (0.47 ± 0.10) %, (0.41 ± 0.11) %, and V 30 were (2.48 ± 0.51) %, (2.06 ± 0.49) % respectively, and there were statistically significant differences ( t=4.86, P<0.001; t=2.97, P=0.004; t=4.36, P<0.001) . The levels of serum troponin Ⅰ (cTnⅠ) before radiotherapy in the study group and the control group were (0.09±0.02) ng/ml and (0.09±0.01) ng/ml, creatine kinase isoenzyme MB (CK-MB) were (0.27±0.08) U/L and (0.25±0.08) U/L, myoglobin (MYo) were (3.84±1.02) μg/L and (3.69±0.97) μg/L, and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) were (172.35±16.24) pg/ml and (169.81±15.93) pg/ml respectively, there were no statistically significant differences ( t<0.01, P>0.999; t=1.30, P=0.197; t=0.78, P=0.436; t=0.82, P=0.414) . One month after radiotherapy, the levels of serum cTnⅠ in the two groups were (0.09±0.03) ng/ml and (0.09±0.02) ng/ml, CK-MB were (0.29±0.09) U/L and (0.28±0.08) U/L, MYo were (4.06±1.08) μg/L and (4.01±1.03) μg/L, and BNP were (175.13±17.09) pg/ml, (172.47±16.28) pg/ml respectively, there were no statistically significant differences ( t<0.01, P>0.999; t=0.61, P=0.544; t=0.25, P=0.806; t=0.83, P=0.410) . The European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire Core 30 (EORTC QLQ-C30) scores before radiotherapy in the study and the control groups were (60.24±5.13) points and (61.19±5.46) points, (74.12±7.20) points and (75.35±7.88) points at 1 month after radiotherapy, (77.53±7.14) points and (78.95±7.08) points at 6 months after radiotherapy, and (75.02±6.93) points and (76.68±6.74) points at 1 year after radiotherapy respectively, there were no statistically significant differences ( t=0.93, P=0.353; t=0.85, P=0.399; t=1.04, P=0.302; t=1.26, P=0.210) . The EORTC QLQ-C30 scores at 1 month, 6 months, and 1 year after radiotherapy were higher than those before radiotherapy in the two groups, and there were statistically significant differences (all P<0.001) . Conclusion:IMRT containing lymph node irradiation in the internal breast region after left breast cancer surgery brings a certain degree of increased cardiac dose, but it is feasible to control it within a certain range and does not affect the patients' cardiac function or quality of life in the short term.

ObjectiveTo understand the prevalence of hookworm infection and its relevant behavioral factors in rural areas of Tiantai County， Zhejiang Province， and to provide scientific evidence for prevention and control of hookworm disease. MethodsBy using a stratified cluster random sampling strategy， local residents aged ≥3 years was divided into 5 districts according to geographical location； furthermore， those in one administrative village （surveillance site） were investigated in each district. Species of hookworm were identified by filter paper culture in vitro， and enterobius vermicularis eggs were detected by cellophane anal swab in children aged 3‒9 year. Risk factors were determined by questionnaire. ResultsA total of 1 013 residents were investigated in 5 surveillance sites. Thirty nine cases with hookworm infection were detected， with the total infection rate of 3.85% . All species detected were determined to be Necator americanus. The infection rate significantly differed across the towns （χ²=48.32， P<0.05）， with the highest rate in Nanping Town （10.95%） . It significantly differed by age groups （χ²=65.65， P<0.05）， with the highest rate in those aged >70 years （9.75%）. Furthermore， it decreased with educational background. It was significantly associated with fertilize with fresh manure （χ²=6.87， P<0.05） and barefoot labor （χ²=157.69， P<0.05）. ConclusionThe overall infection rate of hookworm in Tiantai County remains low. Dominant species of hookworm is hookworm Necator americanus. It is necessary to strengthen the advocacy of hookworm prevention and control knowledge， improve hygiene in work and life style， and increase self-protection awareness.