Financial departments of hospitals should widen their horizons .Workers responsible for financial affairs should transform their functions and make the transition from the traditional business accountants to the value managers.The idea of macro financeis proposed in this paper to penetrate the financial ideas into every economic and business activity, every element of the workflows and every member of the staff .In practice, fine management of hospitals can be done jointly by using information platforms , employing financial management tools and organizing ef-ficient financial teams .By doing this , both financial management and operation efficiency of hospitals can be im -proved continuously .

Anatomic structures and their relative position of the target and organs at risk surrounded will change more or less during fractional radiotherapy.These uncertainties will affect the practice of treatment planning correctly.The degree of these uncertainties can be investigated by imaging verification system during clinical practice.The possible reasons of these uncertainties may be tumor volume variations,organ motions orshape changes,patients weight or form changes and set-up errors.The development and practice of imageguided radiotherapy,dose guided radiotherapy and adaptive radiotherapy can offer rational approaches to over-come the uncertainties of the target and organ at risk surrounded during radiotherapy.

Objective: From the two prospective of hospital quantity and hospital market shares, to analyze the influences of profitmaking hospital’s competition on medical expenses and medical quality. Methods: The sample of provincial panel data from 2003 to 2011 is used, the fixed effect model is applied. Conclusion: For the competitive effect, the expanding of relative scale of profit-making hospitals increased outpatient expenses and reduced hospitalization expenses; for the quality effectiveness, the expand of relative scale of profit -hospitals improved the quality of outpatient service; the simple increase of the quantity of profit -making hospitals had no significant influences on medical expenses and quality of medical care.

This paper reports a cecal hookworm patient whose main symptoms are dry cough,dyspnea and eosinophilia.

Objective:To develop an HPLC method for the determination of valacyclovir hydrochloride capsules. Methods: An Inertsil ODS (250 mm × 4. 6 mm,5μm) column was employed with methanol-0. 02 mol·L-1 potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution (20∶80) as the mobile phase, the flow rate was 1. 0 ml·min-1, the detection wavelength was at 251 nm, the column temperature was 30℃,and the sample size was 20μl. Results:The linear range of valacyclovir hydrochloride was 2-40μg·ml-1 , the correlation coeffi-cient was 0. 999 9 and the average recovery was 99. 8%(RSD=0. 16%,n=9). Conclusion:The analytical method is simple, accu-rate and special, which can be used in the content determination and quality control of valacyclovir hydrochloride capsules.

Objective: To study the influence of clinicopathologic factors on the recurrent pattern of colorectal cancer after radical treatment. Methods: There were 464 consecutive patients with colorectal cancer treated with radical surgery between January 1998 and December 2002 in our hospital. The clinicopathologic features of 90 patients with relapse of colorectal cancer after radical surgery were analyzed. According to the interval between radical surgery and recurrence, these 90 patients were divided into subgroups, the early recurrent group (within 30 months after surgery) and the late recurrent group (more than 30 months after surgery). Chi-square test was used for univariate analysis, and the Logistic regression model was performed for multivariate analysis. Result: There were 78 (86%) patients in the early recurrent group and 12 (14%) patients in the late recurrent group. The median time of recurrence was 17.4 months. The median recurrent time in stage I patients was 35.1 months, 13.6 months in stage II patients, and 12.9 months in stage III patients, respectively. Univariate analysis showed that the depth of penetration, the number of positive lymph nodes, and the gross appearance of tumor were predictors for early recurrence. Multivariate analysis revealed that the depth of penetration (T category) of the primary tumor significantly predicted for early recurrence (P= 0.049). Conclusion: A great proportion of recurrence in patients with colorectal cancer occurred within 30 months after radical treatment, but the late recurrence which occurs at more than 30 months after radical surgery should not be neglected. Patients with different patterns of recurrence had different intervals between radical surgery and recurrence. DM (distant metastasis) occurs earlier than LR (local recurrence). The depth of penetration of the primary tumor is an independent predictor for early recurrence of colorectal cancer patients after radical surgery.

Lung cancer is one of the most common malignancies that are life-treatening to human beings.It ranks the first both in morbidity and mortality of malignant tumors.Early diagnosis,accurate staging,proper treatment and improvement of prognosis are the focuses of related studies in recent years.Imaging diagnosis is the main method for diagnosis of lung cancer.The development of imaging diagnosis and the application of advanced techniques such as CT scan,low-dose helical CT scan,MRI,PET and PET-CT ,play a great role in early diagnosis and staging of lung cancer.Recent researches have demonstrated that ET is one of the most efficient non-invasive methods for diagnosis of lung cancers.However,PET has limitation in precise location of the focus.PET-CT integrates the functions of CT and PET together,and is able to locate the focus precisely.This article mainly reviews the value of PET-CT in the diagnosis of lung cancer.

Objective To perform a comparative research on nucleoside drug resistance mutation and genotypes of chronic hepa‐tits B virus in Shanghai and Lanzhou .Methods The serum samples(Shanghai ,194 cases) and (Lanzhou ,325 cases) were collected . The common 7 drug resistant mutation loci ,genotype B and C were detected by using the PCR‐LDR method .The obtained data were analyzed by using the SPSS17 .0 statistical software .Results (1) Genotype C was the main genotype in two areas (Shanghai 79 .3% ,Lanzhou 81 .4% ) .(2) The mutation rate in Shanghai was higher than that in Lanzhou with statistical difference (48 .9%vs .35 .3% ,P<0 .01) .Lamivudine resistance mutation was predominant in all the mutations of two areas ,accounting for 75 .7%(153/202 ;Shanghai 68/92 ,Lanzhou 85/110);the difference in lamivudine resisrtance mutation loci had statistical difference be‐tween the two areas ;while the adefovir resistance loci was dominated by rtA181T/V ,the area difference had no statistical signifi‐cance(P>0 .05) .(3) The drug resistance mutation had no correlation with genotype .The C genotype mutation rate in Shanghai was higher than that in Lanzhou ,the difference was statistically significant (49 .0% vs .35 .4% ,P<0 .05 ) .(4) 4 kinds of drug re‐sistance rate had no correlation with genotype .Conclusion The genotype distributions are similar in two areas ;Shanghai has a higher drug resistance rate than Lanzhou ;the drug resistance occurrence has no relation with drug resistance type and genotype .

To get information about the status of use of oral hypoglycaemic agents in an inland and coastal hospitals,the ordes of total cost and DDDs were employed to compare the use of oral hypoglycaemic agents in an inland hospital and a coastal hospital.Our results showed that the much less biguanides were used in the coastal hospital as compared with the inland hospital.It is conclinical practice included dimethyl biguanide,glipizide,gliclazide and glibenclamide.

Objective To investigate the efficacy of preoperative concurrent radiotherapy and chemotherapy in middle and low rectal cancer.Methods From October 2012 to September 2016,64 patients with middle and low rectal cancer underwent surgical treatment,were randomly divided into two groups,the treatment group 32 cases,the application of simultaneous preoperative radiotherapy and chemotherapy and surgery,control group of 46 patients,only the application of surgical treatment.After treatment,the efficacy,tumor decline,adverse reactions,serum CEA levels,the lower edge of the tumor to the anal distance,the longest diameter of the tumor and quality of life improvement were compared between two groups,and compared the local recurrence and survival of 2 groups in 3 and 5 years.Results The total effective rate of the treatment group was 78.13％,the rate of tumor decline was 87.5％,the improvement rate of quality of life 84.38％,the survival rate of 3 years and 5 years were 90.63％and 75％(19.14±8.52)ng/mL,the distance from the lower edge of the tumor to the anal margin was(7.88±2.07)cm,and the longest diameter of the tumor was(2.24±1.15)cm(P<0.05).The local recurrence rates were 6.25％and 15.63％in 3 years and 5 years,which were all lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).The side effects after radiotherapy and chemotherapy in the treatment group were(31.8％),nausea and vomiting(46.88％),radioactive pancreatitis(71.88％),neurotoxicity(3.13％),liver function abnormality(31.25％),leukopenia(25.00％),hemoglobin reduction),Diarrhea(87.5％),the vast majority of Ⅰ～Ⅱ degrees,the corresponding treatment were relieved.Conclusion The clinical curative effect of preoperative concurrent chemoradiation and radiotherapy of middle and low rectal cancer is significant,which has clinical value.