DNA Damage ; DNA Glycosylases ; genetics ; metabolism ; DNA Repair Enzymes ; genetics ; metabolism ; Humans ; Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases ; genetics ; metabolism

Adolescent ; Epistaxis ; etiology ; Histiocytosis, Sinus ; complications ; diagnosis ; Humans ; Male

TBL (Team-based learning) model is a new teaching method.By evaluating the effect of TBL model in theory teaching on Chinese orthodontic postgraduate program in the department of Orthodontics,Guanghua School of Stomatology,Sun Yat-sen University,and comparing the traditional teaching model which centered on teachers,we have probed into the application experience of TBL teaching method in curriculum setting of preclinical theoretic learning in orthodontics postgraduate education.The result shows TBL has significantly enhanced students' enthusiasm for learning,sense of collaboration,and has improved the quality of education.TBL method is better,even though there is something that needs to be improved.

Objective To evaluate the functional and aesthetic disturbance of patients treated with lingual orthodontic surgery and to investigate the key points of laboratory procedure and clinical treatment of lingual orthodontic deformity. Methods A total of 30 cases of Angle class Ⅰ with moder-ate crowding were selected. They were equally divided into two groups: one group was treated using lingual brackets, and the other using conventional labial brackets. Each patient completed a four-part survey right after the bracket placing and 7, 28, 56 days after the treatment. The differences of tongue-lip-cheek soreness, eating and speech difficulties and aesthetic problems were evaluated be-tween two groups. Lateral cephalograms were analyzed at the start of the treatment and the end of the overall treatment. Results Speech difficulties of lingual orthodontics were significantly greater (P<0.01) than that in the labial orthodontics group in the first week of the treatment. Eating difficulties were greater (P<0.01) in the lingual orthodontics group by 28 days, whereas aesthetic problems were greater in group using labial appliance than group lingual appliance. Conclusions In the first two months of the orthodontic treatment, eating and speech difficulties are the most severe problems for the lingual group. Lingual orthodontics offers important aesthetic advantages over labial orthodontics, and it will be one of the development directions of current orthodontics.

Objective To analyze the clinical and pathological characteristics of breast carcinoma in elderly female patients and to offer the standard clinical diagnosis and treatment for breast carcinoma.Methods A total of 178 patients admitted to Breast Center of Beijing Hospital from January to December 2011 were enrolled in this retrospective study.Patients were divided into non-elderly group and elderly group.Clinical features,imaging diagnosis,operation patterns and pathological diagnosis were recorded.The data were analyzed by using SAS 9.1 software.Results The patients diagnosed as breast carcinomas in BI-RAD 4-5 categories by mammography were much more in the elderly group than in the non-elderly group (82.1％ vs.63.0％,P＜0.05).The diagnostic accuracy rates of ultrasonography and mammography in the elderly group were comparable(P＞ 0.05),while in the non-elderly group,the diagnostic accuracy rate of ultrasonography was higher than that of mammography (P＜0.05).The incidence of concurrent diseases was higher in the elderly group than in the non-elderly group (P＜0.05).The patients undergoing breast resection operation were much more in the elderly group than in the non-elderly group (14 cases vs.3 cases,P＜0.05).The pathological diagnosis analysis showed that there were no significant differences in the number of ER-positive cells and PR-positive cells,tumor size,histological grade,pathological stage between the two groups (all P＞0.05).The incidence of lymph node metastasis was lower in the elderly group than in the non-elderly group (P＜0.05).The percentage of Ki-67 positive cells was lower in the elderly group than in the non-elderly group (P＜0.05).The percentage of CerbB-2 strongly positive (+++) cells was lower in the elderly group than in the non-elderly group (5.1 ％ vs.24％,P＜0.05).The invasive ductal carcinoma was the major histological type of breast cancer in both two groups,but there were more mixed type and other type carcinomas in the elderly group than in the non-elderly group (P＜0.05).Conclusions Ultrasonograpy and mammography have better sensitivity for breast cancer in elderly female patients.The surgical protocols are often influenced because more concurrent diseases have occurred in the elderly.There are significant differences in some prognostic factors between the two groups,which may imply a better prognosis in elderly patients.

OBJECTIVE To study the drug resistance,drug-resistant genes and(disinfectant)-resistant genes of(MRS)A.METHODS The drug resistance and mecA gene of the ?-lactamase and aac(6′)/aph(2″),aph(3′)-Ⅲ,ant(4′,4″) genes of aminoglycoside and qac(A/B) disinfectant-resistant genes were(detected) in 47 strains of MRSA.(RESULTS) In all 47 strains of MRSA,46 MRSA isolates were mecA positive,39 MRSA isolates were aac(6′)/aph(2″) positive,30 MRSA isolates were aph(3′)-Ⅲ positive,6 MRSA isolates were ant(4′,4″) positive,and 19 MRSA isolates were qac(A/B) positive.CONCLUSIONS MRSA is multiple-drug resistant.The main resistant mechanisms of MRSA to aminoglycosides and disinfectant are related to the drug-resistant genes of aminoglycoside and disinfectant-resistant genes.Clinic physician must pay attention to the diagnosis and(therapy) of MRSA,and control the hospital infection.

OBJECTIVETo compare the effect,safety,and advantage of flexible fixation with paperboard and pad versus short leg plaster in treating the fifth metatarsal base fracture,and establish the standard of diagnosis and treatment of the fifth metatarsal base fractures in flexible fixation with paperboard and pad.

METHODSFrom June 2010 to March 2013,59 patients with the fifth metatarsal base fracture were treated with paperboard and pad fixation or short leg plaster. Patients were enrolled and divided into paperboard and pad treatment group (paperboard group) and short leg plaster treatment group (plaster group) randomly according to the random number table. In paperboard group,there were 29 cases including 9 males and 20 females with an average age of (51.79±11.40) years old; the average course of injury was (11.59±6.58) hours. In plaster group, there were 30 cases including 9 males and 21 females with an average age of (52.13+17.34) years old ;the average course of injury was (11.03±7.06) hours. According to whether the fracture line across the articular surface, in paperboard group there were 14 cases of type A,15 of type B; in plaster group,16 of type A, 14 of type B. According to the degree of dislocation,in paperboard group there were 16 cases of degree I ,13 of degree II ; in plaster group,20 were degree I ,10 were degree II. Fracture was restored according to the type in manual. Patients in paperboard group were treated with paperboard and pad, and patients in plaster group were treated with short leg plaster. Fracture was fixed for 4 to 6 weeks according to fracture healing. On the 2nd, 4th,6th, 8th week and 3rd, 6th month after fixation, patients were followed up, and the foot function score was used to evaluate the function of injured foot. X-ray of injured foot was taken on the 2nd, 4th, 6th and 8th week were used to assess fracture healing.

RESULTSAll patients got complete follow-up. The X-ray result showed that all fracture reached at clinical healing on the 8th week after fixation without skin ulcer,nonunion and displacement of fracture. From the 4th to 8th week after fixation, paperboard group had a higher X-ray score than plaster group, but the difference between two groups had no statistically significance. Repeated analysis result showed that there was interact at different time point and between groups,the difference had statistically significance (P<0.01). The foot function score showed that at all time point, paperboard group had a higher score than plaster group, and on the 2nd, 4th, and 6th week, it had statistically significant difference(P<0.01) between two groups. On the 6th months after fixation,the excellent and good rate of paperboard group was 93.10%, higher than that of plaster group, which was 86.67%. But it had no statistically difference(P=0.483) between two groups.

CONCLUSIONUsing paperboard and pad fixation to treat the fifth metatarsal base fracture has the advantage of simplicity operating,reliable fixation, satisfactory effects, easily obtainable material.

Adult ; Aged ; Casts, Surgical ; Female ; Foot Injuries ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Fracture Fixation ; instrumentation ; methods ; Fracture Healing ; Fractures, Bone ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Metatarsal Bones ; injuries ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Middle Aged

A lactoferrin-containing PEGylated liposome system (Lf-PLS) was developed and tested in vitro as a hepatoma-targeting drug delivery system. PEGylated liposomes (PLS) were successfully prepared using the thin film hydration method with peglipid post insertion. Lf was covalently conjugated onto the carboxyl terminal of DSPE-PEG2000-COOH on liposomes. Coumarin-6 was used to trace Lf-PLS with fluorescence. The cellular uptake of this system was carried out in asialoglycoprotein receptor (ASGPR) positive HepG2 cells via confocal microscopy and flow cytometry. The Lf-PLS liposome was observed as spherical or oval vesicles with the particle size around 130 nm, zeta potential about -30 mV and encapsulation efficiency more than 80%. The confocal microscopy images and flow cytometry data demonstrated that Lf-PLS resulted in significantly higher cell association by ASGPR positive HepG2 cells compared to PLS. The association between Lf-PLS and cells were dependent on the concentration, time and temperature, which was inhibited by pre-incubation with excessive free Lf. The results suggest that Lf-PLS has a good targeting effect on HepG2 cells in vitro. The targeting mechanism may be related to the specific binding of Lf and ASGPR on HepG2 cells, which guides Lf-PLS to the cell surface to induce an active endocytosis process. All these results demonstrated that Lf-PLS might be a potential drug delivery system in targeting hepatocellular carcinoma, which deserves more research on its targeting ability, antitumor efficiency, and metabolism in vivo for treatment of hepatomacellular carcinoma.
Asialoglycoprotein Receptor ; metabolism ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; pathology ; Coumarins ; Drug Delivery Systems ; Endocytosis ; Hep G2 Cells ; drug effects ; Humans ; Lactoferrin ; pharmacology ; Liposomes ; Liver Neoplasms ; pathology ; Particle Size ; Phosphatidylethanolamines ; Polyethylene Glycols ; Thiazoles

OBJECTIVETo investigate the changes in the quantity of colonizing Streptococcus mutans(S. mutans) and Actinomyces on the root surface plaque before and after post-core crown restoration of the mandibular first molars in the elderly patients.

METHODSA total of 30 elderly patients, each with one post-core crown restoration of the mandibular first molar, were randomly chosen to participate in the studies. Patients with mandibular first molars with post-core crown restoration and those with healthy contralateral mandibular first molars were divided into the test and control groups, respectively. Root surface plaques of the two groups were collected before tooth preparation, 72 h after preparation, one week after preparation, and one month after restoration. S. mutans, Actinomyces naeslundii (A. naeslundii) and Actinomyces viscosus (A. viscosus), were identified using colony morphology, biochemical techniques, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Plaque count was measured using microbial colony count.

RESULTSThe number of S. mutans and A. viscosus and A. naeslundii in the test group, which was statistically significant (P<0.05), increased 72 h after preparation. The quantities of S. mutans, A. viscosus, and A. naeslundii one week after preparation were significantly different (P<0.05). The plaque count of S. mutans, A. viscosus, and A. naeslundii in the test group decreased one month after restoration (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe quantities of S. mutans, A. viscosus and A. naeslundii increase one week after preparation but decrease one month after restoration. The finding suggests that dentists should educate patients about plaque control during the early period after tooth preparation.

Actinomyces ; Actinomyces viscosus ; Aged ; Bacteria ; Crowns ; Dental Plaque ; Humans ; Post and Core Technique ; Streptococcus mutans ; Tooth Root

OBJECTIVETo investigate the changes of the cardiac hemodynamics after acute high altitude exposure in healthy young males and the relationship with acute mountain sickness(AMS).

METHODSLeft ventricular function and oxyhemoglobin saturation (SaO2), heart rate (HR), blood pressure (BP) were measured in 218 healthy young males before and after high altitude exposure within 24 h respectively. According to the lake louise score criteria, the subjects were divided into two groups: acute mountain sickness group (AMS group) and non acute mountain sickness group (non-AMS group).

RESULTSHR, diastolic blood pressure (DBP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), stroke volume (SV), stroke index (SI) cardiac output (CO), cardiac index (CI) were significantly increased upon acute high altitude exposure (P < 0.05). Whereas SaO2 and end-systolic volume (ESV) were significantly decreased (P < 0.05). In addition, HR, systolic blood pressure (SBP) and MAP in AMS group were significantly higher than those in non-AMS group (P < 0.05). But stroke index (SI) and end-diastolic volume (EDV) in AMS group were significantly lower than those in non-AMS group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONCardiac function in healthy young males upon acute high altitude exposure was enhanced. EDV, HR and SI might become the indexes of predicting the acute mountain sickness in the future.

Acute Disease ; Adult ; Altitude ; Altitude Sickness ; physiopathology ; Humans ; Male ; Ventricular Function, Left ; physiology