Castor(Ricinus communis L.),a high energy-stored and industrial raw-material plant species,is of great value in its application.Progresses in castor biotechnology were summarized in terms of tissue culture and genetic transformation.The results of studies on tissue culture indicated that application of TDZ(thiadiazuron) gave the maximum rate of shoot proliferation in various exogenous hormones when embryo axis was used as explant.On this ground,the in vitro regeneration system was established.The studies on castor genetic transformation showed that the Agrobaterium-mediated method was the most suitable one in different castor transformation methods.The hygromycin is suitable to selection of castor transfomants while castor embryo axis is insensitive to kanamycin.The possibilities of breeding of new castor varieties and improvement of castor production via biotechnology were also discussed.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the genetic polymorphisms of 21 autosomal STR loci of Fujian Han population and evaluate the forensic application value of GlobalFiler Express kit. METHODS: Amplified with GlobalFiler Express kit, DNA samples were obtained from 741 unrelated individuals of Fujian Han population. The population genetics parameters of 21 autosomal STR loci were calculated. RESULTS: The 21 autosomal STR loci were found to be no deviation from Hardy-Weinberg equilibration (P > 0.05) and relatively abundant in high polymorphism. Heterozygosity ranged from 0.589 to 0.914, power of discrimination ranged from 0.754 to 0.992, polymorphic information content ranged from 0.520 to 0.940, and power of exclusion ranged from 0.278 to 0.825. The SE33 locus was the highest degree in polymorphism. CONCLUSION The 21 STR loci of GlobalFiler Express kit have high value in discrimination power and can be useful in personal identification and paternity test in Fujian Han population.
Asian People/genetics* ; DNA ; Genetics, Population ; Heterozygote ; Humans ; Microsatellite Repeats ; Paternity ; Polymorphism, Genetic

Objective To prepare a new kind of targeted liposome ultrasound contrast agent with small peptide K237 as the ligand which can combine specifically with KDR which is the main receptor of VEGF.and to test its capability in vitro. Methods Targeted bubbles(P-Bio-Av-Bio-Mbs) were formed through "biotin-avidin" bridge grafting, then they were incubated respectively with LOVO, HUVECs and LS174T which were KDR positive or negative expressed in various cells,meanwhile incubated LOVO cells with FITC- P-Bio-Av-Bio-Mbs,FITC-P-Mbs and FITC-Mbs respectively. After that, the rosette formation rate and fluorescence intensity of the combination between microbubbles and cells were observed with microscope and fluorescence microscope. After being incubated with small peptide K237 of 10 μg and 50 μg, LOVO cells were incubated with P-Bio-Av-Bio-Mbs for observing the distribution of microbubbles. Results In KDR sharply positive expressed LOVO cells, the surrounding rosette formation rate was as high as 90. 52% with the fluorescence intensity of grade 3, and it was 53. 46% with grade 2 fluorescence intensity rate in KDR positive expressed HUVECs cells, while in KDR negative expressed LS174T cells, there were few microbubbles surrounded with rosette formation rate of 5. 57% and fluorescence intensity rate of grade 0-1, therefore there were significant statistic differences in rosette formation rate among groups ( P < 0.05). After LOVO cells combined with FITC-P-Bio-Av-Bio-Mbs, FITC-P-Mbs and FITC-Mbs respectively,there were significant differences in their rosette formation rate, namely 89.62%, 7. 56% , 0 with the fluorescence rate of 3,0 - 1 and 0 respectively. Targeted cells pretreated with 10 pg K237 showed significant decreased rosette formation,and there was no formation in 50 ?g pretreated group. Conclusions KDR-Targeted liposome contrast agent with small peptide K237 liganded has been successfully prepared through biotin-avidin mediation and could combine specifically and high efficiently with targeted cells in vitro. The KDR-targeted molecular imaging of tumor neovascularizaiton may provide a new approach for early diagnosis of carcinoma.

Objective To investigate the effect of MDM2-p53 feedback loop on the sensitivity to cis- platin in ovarian cancer xenograft in vivo and explore its mechanism.Methods Human ovarian cancer cell line A2780 with wild type p53 was inoculated subcutaneously into the back of nude mice.When tumor nod- ules could be observed after 7 days of inoculation,the mice were randomly divided into 5 groups with each of 6 mice.Treatment group received an intratumoral injection of a combination of pCMV-MDM2-Lipofectamine and cisplatin.Control groupⅠwas injected with cisplatin,control groupⅡwas injected with pCMV-MDM2- Lipofectamine,control groupⅢwas injected with empty pCMV-Lipofectamine,control groupⅣwas injected with RPMI1640.General conditions and tumor growth rate were observed.The volume and the weight of the tumor were compared among these five groups.The expression of MDM2 and p53 in these tumors were de- tected by immunohistochemistry and Western blot.The changes of cell cycles in these tumors were examined by using flow cytometry assay.Results Tumor volume in treatment group[(0.321?0.086) cm~3]was significant- ly smaller than control groupⅠandⅡ[(1.832?0.165) cm~3 and (3.251?0.179) cm~3,respectively)].The weight of the treatment group [(0.513?0.089) g]was also significantly lower than control groupⅠandⅡ[(1.412?0.134) g,and (2.665?0.153) g,respectively)].There was a significant difference between control groupⅠandⅡ, but no difference between the other three control groups.Obvious MDM2 protein expression and pronounced S-phase arrest were observed in treatment group.However,control groupⅠwas with intact wild type p53,and arrested primarily in G_2/M phase.Conclusion MDM2 overexpression can increase cisplatin cytotoxicity on experimental ovarian cancer through inhibition of p53 expression and the loss of G_1 check point of cell cycle.

OBJECTIVETo observe the therapeutic angiogenesis effect of naotai recipe (NR) on local ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury of rats by observing signaling pathway of hypoxia-inducible factor-lα (HIF-1α) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF).

METHODSTotally 120 Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into 4 groups, namely, the normal control group (n =12), the sham-operation group (n =12), the I/R model group (n =48), and the NR group (n =48). Cerebral I/R injury models were established using thread suture method. Rats in the I/R model group and the NR group were sub-divided into 4 sub-groups according to the 1st, 3rd, 5th, and 7th I/R day (n =12). The phenomenon of neovasculization was observed by immunofluorescence staining. The protein and mRNA expression levels of HIF-la, VEGF-A, and VEGFR II receptor were detected by RT-PCR.

RESULTSThere were a large amount of labels for neovasculization in the ischemic area of the NR group. Double-immunofluorescence labeling [vWF (red) and BrdU (green)] was observed in the NR group. Compared with the model group, the HIF-1α protein expression was obviously enhanced on the 1 st day of I/R (P <0.01), and the VEGF protein expression started to enhance on the 3rd day in the NR group (P <0.01). The VEGFR protein expression level was the highest in the NR group on the 5th day of I/R (P <0.01). The protein expression of VEGF and HIF-1α started to decrease on the 7th day of I/R.

CONCLUSIONNR could strengthen angiogenesis after I/R by elevating the expression of HIF-lα and activating HIF-lα/VEGF signaling pathway.

Animals ; Brain Ischemia ; metabolism ; Cerebral Infarction ; Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit ; genetics ; metabolism ; Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain ; metabolism ; Ischemia ; Neovascularization, Pathologic ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Reperfusion Injury ; Signal Transduction ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; biosynthesis

Objective To evaluate the safety of human purified Vero cell rabies vaccine(PVRV)after exposure in China by Meta-analysis.Methods With rabies,vaccine and safety as key words,a systematic search was performed in PubMed,EMBASE,Cochrane and China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),supplemented by manual retrieval.A Meta-analysis was performed to analyze the incidence of adverse events of two immunization regimens Zagreb and Essen using Review Manager 5.4 software after literature screening and data extraction according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria.Results A total of 12 studies were included,of which 7 were prospective studies and 5 were retrospective studies.Most included in the studies showed a low risk of bias.The incidence of adverse events in Zagreb regimen was significantly higher than that in Essen regimen[relative risk(RR)= 1.01,95% CI = 0.90 ～ 1.14;I2= 73.00%,P<0.05],but there was a high degree of heterogeneity.The incidence of fever,pain and induration in Zagreb regimen was significantly higher than that in Essen regimen(RR = 1.14,0.92 and 0.86,95% CI = 0.82 ～ 1.60,0.73 ～ 1.14 and 0.29 ～ 2.51;I2= 73.00%,P<0.05],but there was a high degree of heterogeneity.The incidence of fever,pain and induration in Zagreb regimen was significantly higher than that in Essen regimen(RR = 1.14,0.92 and 0.86,95% CI = 0.82 ～ 1.60,0.73 ～ 1.14 and 0.29 ～ 2.51;I2= 81%,65% and 92%,respectively,P<0.01).Conclusion Two regimens of PVRV vaccination after exposure showed good safety.However,when adopting Zagreb regimen,attention should be paid to the physical conditions of children and the elderly with relatively poor immunity to avoid adverse events.

OBJECTIVETo determine the effect of histamine on N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) induced neuron death and to elucidate its mechanism.

METHODSThe primary cortical cell culture was adopted. Neuron morphology and MTT assay were used to evaluate the drugs effects.

RESULTHistamine at doses of 10(-4) 10(-6) 10(-7) 10(-8) mol/L reversed the neuron death induced by NMDA (50 micromol/L) for 3 h. The protection of histamine peaked at doses of 10(-4) mol/L and 10(-7)mol/L. The effect of histamine of 10(-7) mol/L was reversed only by cimetidine an H(2)receptor antagonist. However, the effect of histamine of 10(-4) mol/L was reversed only by pyrilamine but not cimetidine.

CONCLUSIONHistamine could reduce neuron death induced by NMDA; its protection at a low dose might be mediated by H(2)receptor, and at a high dose by H(1)receptor.

Animals ; Cell Death ; drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Histamine ; pharmacology ; N-Methylaspartate ; toxicity ; Neurons ; drug effects ; Neuroprotective Agents ; pharmacology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Receptors, Histamine H1 ; physiology ; Receptors, Histamine H2 ; physiology

OBJECTIVETo observe clinical therapeutic effect of different acupuncture intensities on diabetic gastroparesis and to search for the best acupuncture intensity for treatment of diabetic gastroparesis.

METHODSEighty cases were randomly divided into 4 groups, strong, moderate, weak acupuncture intensity groups and an oral hypoglycemic drug group, 20 cases in each group. Two weeks of treatment constituted one course.

RESULTSThe total effective rates were 85.0%, 95.0%, 85.0% in the acupuncture groups, respectivelly, with significant difference as compared with 65.0% of the control group (P<0.05). The moderate intensity acupuncture group had the best clinical therapeutic effect. The principal frequency and amplitude of the stomach electrogastrogram in the gastric antrum and the stomach body significantly improved in the acupuncture groups, which was better than those in the control group (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONAcupuncture has significant therapeutic effect on diabetic gastroparesis, and there is a dose-effect relation between different intensities of acupuncture and curative effects,which are correlated with the regulation of the gastric electric parameters.

Acupuncture Therapy ; Adult ; Aged ; Diabetes Complications ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Female ; Gastroparesis ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Stomach ; physiopathology

OBJECTIVETo review the presentations of intracranial venous sinus lesions in phase-contrast (PC) magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) and discuss the diagnostic value of this imaging modality for these lesions.

METHODSThis study involved 52 patients with intracranial venous sinus lesions, including 21 with dural venous sinus malformation, 7 dural arteriovenous fistula (6 caroticocaveneous fistula, CCF), 5 venous sinus thrombus and 19 meningioma invading the venous sinuses. All patients underwent PC and time-of-flight (TOF) MRA with a 1.5 Tesla MR scanner, with 28 of them undergoing subsequent digital subtraction angiography (DSA).

RESULTSPC MRA showed extensive hyperintense signals that identified the lesions, feeding arteries, deferent veins and venous sinuses in 21 cases of dural arteriovenous fistula, but the lesion signals appeared homogeneous. In these cases, PC and TOF MRA had equally good performance in displaying the feeding arteries with success in 20 of the 21 cases (95.2%), whereas the former resulted in a greater rate of deferent vein display [90.5% (19/21)] than the latter [76.2% (16/21), P<0.05]. The 6 CCF cases showed ipsilateral cavernous sinus expansion and upper ophthalmic vein dilations. In the 5 cases of venous sinus thrombis, 4 had transverse sinus thrombus and 1 superior sagittal sinus thrombus. All the cases presented signal disappearance in the sinuses in PC MRA and hyperintense signals in MRI, and some cases had also cerebral superficial hemorrhage and edema. The 19 cases of meningioma invading the venous sinus displayed sinus shift, stenosis and occlusion in PC MRA.

CONCLUSIONPC MRA has great advantages in displaying the anatomical structure and lesions of the venous sinuses.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Central Nervous System Vascular Malformations ; diagnosis ; Child ; Cranial Sinuses ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Angiography ; methods ; Male ; Meningeal Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; Meningioma ; diagnosis ; Middle Aged ; Reproducibility of Results ; Sensitivity and Specificity

Objective:To provide experimental evidences for choosing murine models in the pathogenesis research of thymic impairment induced by viral infection,we compared the impacts of polycytidylic acid(Poly(I:C)) and dexamethasone(DEX) on the thymic morphology and thymic output function,and explored the implication of RLR signaling pathway.Methods: 24 male C57BL/6 mice were randomly assigned into three groups and treated with Poly(I:C),DEX,or saline respectively.Thereafter,their thymic morphology,pathological changes,thymic index,and thymic pathology were examined.Their contents of T-cell receptor excision circles (TRECs) and proportions of the naive CD4+T cell in the peripheral blood were determined to evaluate their thymic output function.The expression levels of thymic RLR/MAVS/IFN-α/β signaling pathway and IL-1β were also measured.Results: Both Poly (I:C) and DEX treatment caused thymic atrophy in appearance and structural destruction under the microscope inspection,and DEX treatment did much more severe damage,especially to the thymic cortex.TRECs decreased significantly in both groups.The proportions of na?ve/memory CD4+T cell subsets remained stable,though total CD4+T cell decreased in DEX group,while the proportion of na?ve CD4+T cell in Poly (I:C) group increased significantly.The expression of RIG-Ⅰ,MDA5,LGP2,and IFN-α/β were up-regulated in DEX group, while it remained unchanged in Poly (I:C) group.Conclusion:Both Poly (I:C) and DEX induced thymic atrophy and the impaired thymic output function.Nevertheless,the expression of RLR-IFN signaling pathway up-regulated more significantly in DEX group instead of in Poly (I:C) group.These results implied the existence of different pathological manifestations and mechanisms underlying the impaired thymic function in different animal models,as well as impact on na?ve/memory CD4+T cell proportions.Our research provides references for choosing animal models in the basic research and drug development for viral infection induced thymic atrophy based on the RLR signaling pathway.