Objective To develop a highly sensitive and accurate time-resolved immunofluorometric assay (TR-IFMA) for measurement of Dickkopf-1(DKK-1),as a novel serologic biomarker for lung cancer. Methods The study constructed a two-manoclonal-antibody "sandwich"-type assay and the sensitivity, within run CV and between run CV and accuracy were evaluated. Serum DKK-1 concentrations were measured by TR-IFMA in 120 healthy controls, in 72 benign lung disease patients, and in 212 lung cancer patients before surgery. The association between serum DKK-1 levels and clinicopathological features were evaluated. Results A standard curve for DKK-1 TR-IFMA had been developed with good sensitivity (0.08 μg/L). Both within run CV and between run CV were less than 6.5%. Accuracy studies, parallelism and precision data were determined and all found to be satisfactory. The validity of DKK-1 assay was confirmed by the good correlation between the results obtained by TR-IFMA and commercial ELISA (r=0.972, P=0.01). The serum levels of DKK-1 were higher in lung cancer patients 31.93(79.47-18.03) μg/L than in benign lung diseases 15.25(18.41-11.49) μg/L and in healthy controls 13. 90( 16. 91-11.02) μg/L DKK-1 levels were significant associated with the presence of distant metastases, as well as lymph node metastases and TNM stage, but not with patients' age, gender and tumor histology. At the cutoff of 22.63 μg/L, the diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of the TR-IFMA for lung carcinoma were 68.4%, 92.2%, 82.1% ,90.6% and 72.5%. Diagnostic sensitivity and accuracy were higher for small cell carcinoma than for non-small cell carcinoma (70.7% vs 69.5% and 85.6% vs 80.7%, respectively). Conclusions A highly sensitive and reliable TR-IFMA for DKK-1 has been developed. The determination of serum DKK-1 levels may be useful for diagnosis and tumor staging of lung cancer.

Nine short tandem repeat (STR) markers on the X chromosome (DXS101, DXS6789, DXS6799, DXS6804, DXS7132, DXS7133, DXS7423, DXS8378, and HPRTB) were analyzed in four population groups (Mongol, Ewenki, Oroqen, and Daur) from Inner Mongolia, China, in order to learn about the genetic diversity, forensic suitability, and possible genetic affinities of the populations. Frequency estimates, Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, and other parameters of forensic interest were computed. The results revealed that the nine markers have a moderate degree of variability in the population groups. Most heterozygosity values for the nine loci range from 0.480 to 0.891, and there are evident differences of genetic variability among the populations. A UPGMA tree constructed on the basis of the generated data shows very low genetic distance betweent Mongol and Han (Xi'an) populations. Our results based on genetic distance analysis are consistent with the results of earlier studies based on linguistics and the immigration history and origin of these populations. The minisatellite loci on the X chromosome studied here are not only useful in showing significant genetic variation between the populations, but also are suitable for human identity testing among Inner Mongolian populations.

Objective To observe the effect of duodenal endoluminal sleeve (ELS)on.glucose metabolism of non-obese type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)rats.Methods 24 male spontaneously diabetic Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rats were randomly divided into surgery group(ELS,n =12)and sham-operated group (SO,n =12).Fasting plasma glucose(FPG) levels of the 2 groups were observed before surgery(0 weeks),or on 1 st,3rd 6th,12th,and 24th week after surgery.Oral glucose tolerance test(OGTT) was performed before surgery (0 weeks),or on 6th and 24th week after surgery.Blood glucose versus time curve was depicted and glucose tolerance area under the curve(AUC)was calculated.Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1)concentration levels were measured 2 hours after glucose load.Results There was no significant difference between the 2 groups in various indicators before surgery.For ELS group,FPG level significantly decreased on 1 st,3rd 6th,12th,and 24th week after surgery (Fintra-group =5.982,P ＜ 0.01)compared with that before surgery.AUC and blood glucose peak were both loweron 6th and 24th week after surgery than those before surgery (Fintya-group =11.602,P =0.003).OGTT glucose peak reduced to 30 minutes from the original 60 minutes.GLP-1 level significantly increased after glucose load (Fintra-group =43.24,P ＜ 0.05) ; All the index of SO group had no significant change.Conclusion Duodenal ELS has effect on blood glucose control and glucose tolerance improvement in non-obese T2DM rats.

Objective To analyze the related factors associated with the effect of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass in Goto-Kakizaki rats.Methods In GK rats undergoing Roux-en-Y gastric bypass,the weight,food intake,and the fasting blood glucose were retrospectively analyzed before surgery and 1,3,6,12,24 weeks after surgery,and the glycosylated haemoglobin concentrations were retrospectively analyzed before surgery and 4,12,24 weeks after surgery.According to preoperative glycosylated haemoglobin concentrations,GK rats were divided into 3 groups(group A,HbAlc 6.5％-7.9％; group B,HbAlc 8.0％-9.9％ ; group C,HbAlc ＞ 10％).Results The fasting blood glucose and the glycosylated haemoglobin concentrations significantly decreased 1 week after surgery(P ＜ 0.01),on 24 weeks after operation,the fasting blood glucose levels decreased from(12.1 ± 3.0)mmol/L to(7.6 ± 1.3)mmol/L,and the glycosylated haemoglobin concentrations declined from(9.2％ ± 1.8％)to(6.3％ ± 0.8％).Preoperative fasting blood glucose was(11.1 ± 2.2)mmol/L and(15.8 ± 2.3)mmol/L respectively,and the preoperative glycosylated haemoglobin concentration was(8.6％ ± 1.4％)and(11.5％ ± 1.4％)respectively(P ＜ 0.01).Non-conditional Logistic regression analysis identified preoperative glycosylated haemoglobin concentrations as an independent predictor for the cure rate(P ＜ 0.01); Differences were significant between group A and group C,and group B and group C on the efficiency of the surgery(P ＜0.01).Conclusions Significant correlation established between glycosylated haemoglobin concentrations and the efficiency of the surgery,especially for those rats with preoperative HbAlc ＜ 10％.

Objective To investigate the association of promoter hypermethylation of secreted frizzled-related proteins (SFRPs) in patients with colorectal cancer. Methods The promoter hypermethylation of SFRPs in 20 sporadic colorectal cancer tissues and adjacent mucosa were detected by methylation-specific PCR. The amplified DNA was subcloned into the T-A cloning vector and sequenced. Two colorectal cancer cell lines (HCT116 and SW480) were treated with 5-aza-2' deoxycytidine for demethylation. The promoter hypermethylation and protein expression of SFRPs in colorectal cancer cell lines were detected by methylation-specific PCR and Western blotting. Results It was demonstrated that the hypermethylation of SFRP 1, 2, 4 or 5 was 19/20,17/20,3/20 or 13/20in cancer tissues, respectively, whereas it was 12/20, 8/12, 1/20 or 7/20 in adjacent mucosa,respectively. SFRP 1, 2 or 5 methylation was more frequently found in cancer tissue than in adjacent mucosa (P～0.05). Methylation of SFRP 1, 2, 4 and 5 were found in HCT116 cell line, but only SFRP1 and SFRP2 were found in SW480 cell line. There was a negative correlation between protein expression and methylation of SFRPs. The Western blotting revealed that SFRP protein re-expressedafter it treated with 5-aza-2' deoxyeytidine. Conclusion Methylation of SFRP 1, 2 or 5 gene is associated with the evolution of eolorectal cancer, and is closely related to silencing expression.

OBJECTIVETo summarize the complications and the early clinical effect of less invasive stabilization system and the femoral condylar support plates in the treatment of AO type C distal femoral fractures.

METHODSFrom September 2007 to February 2012, 46 patients with AO type C distal femoral fractures were retrospectively studied. Of all patients 25 were treated with less invasive stabilization system including 14 males and 11 females with a mean age of (56.3±4.2) years old; according to AO classification, there were 14 cases of C1, 8 cases of C2 and 3 cases of C3 with a mean hospital stay of (15.6±1.7) days. While 21 cases were treated with femoral condylar support plates fixation including 12 males and 9 females with a mean age of (53.8±5.1) years old;there were 13 cases of C1, 6 cases of C2 and 2 cases of C3 with a mean hospital stay of (17.8±2.2) days. Comparative analysis was performed from the operation related index,postoperative complications and Evanich score of the knee joint function between the two groups at follow-up.

RESULTSAll 46 patients were followed up from 13 to 38 months with a mean time of 19.6 months after surgery. Complications included 1 case with infection,3 cases with internal fixation failure, 1 case with nonunion and 1 case with activity limitation of the affected knee. The differences in the incision length, blood loss, fracture healing time were significant between two groups (P<0.05), while there was no significant difference in the duration of operations, hospital stays and the incidence of postoperative complications between two groups (P>0.05). The statistical significance was also found in the Evanich score at last follow-up between two groups (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONPatients with less invasive stabilization system fixation had the characteristics of less trauma, shorter fracture healing time and better functional recovery. Less invasive stabilization system had became one of the ideal internal fixations in the treatment of AO type C distal femoral fractures.

Adult ; Aged ; Bone Plates ; Female ; Femoral Fractures ; surgery ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; adverse effects ; instrumentation ; Fracture Healing ; Humans ; Length of Stay ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Postoperative Complications ; epidemiology

Adolescent ; Child ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Dystonic Disorders ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; physiopathology ; Female ; Humans ; Male

Antigens, CD20 ; metabolism ; Epstein-Barr Virus Infections ; virology ; Female ; Herpesvirus 4, Human ; isolation & purification ; Humans ; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse ; pathology ; virology ; Middle Aged ; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; virology

Objective To discuss the value of echocardiography for the assessment of structure and function of right heart in normal Chinese adults Methods The structure and function of right heart was assessed by echocardiography according to 2010 guideline of American Society of Echocardiography (ASE). The echocardiographic data of right heart of 130 normal Chinese adults were analyzed to acquire the normal reference values of echocardiographic parameters and evaluate the differences of these results among different age groups. Results There were significant differences among different age groups for some of the parameters. Right atrium (RA) transverse diameter was greater in the middle-aged group than that in the young-aged group [(36.90±5.10) mm vs (33.90±5.20) mm, t=-2.79, P=0.006]. RA longitudinal diameter (RAL) and RA area (RAA) were smaller in the young-aged group than those in the middle-aged and old-aged groups [(40.10±5.10) mm vs (42.90±5.10) mm, (43.40±5.60) mm, t=-2.51 and-2.91, P=0.013 and 0.004;(11.90±3.20) mm2 vs (13.40±2.90) mm2, (13.90±3.60) mm2, t=-2.24 and-2.90, P=0.027 and 0.004]. Parasternal long-axis right ventricule outflow tract (PLAX RVOT), parasternal short-axis right ventricule outflow tract (PSAX RVOT) and pulmonary artery diameter (PAD) were smaller in the young-aged group than those in the middle-aged and old-aged groups [(24.20±3.00) mm vs (26.20±2.30) mm, (25.90±2.90) mm, t=-2.80 and-2.32, P=0.006 and 0.022;(24.70±3.00) mm vs (27.20±2.50) mm, (26.90±2.60) mm, t=-4.40 and -3.84, P=0.000 and 0.000; (20.60±2.00) mm vs (22.10±2.70) mm, (21.90±2.10) mm, t=-3.12 and-2.67, P=0.002 and 0.008]. RV lateral wall thickness was smaller in the young-aged group than that in the middle-aged and old-aged groups [(5.10±0.60) mm vs (5.60±0.60) mm, (5.40±0.70) mm, t=-3.12 and-2.22, P=0.02 and 0.028];DTI e wave was greater in the young-aged group than that in the middle-aged and old-aged groups [(14.90±3.70) cm/s vs (10.90±3.10) cm/s, (11.10±2.60) cm/s, t=5.82 and 5.49, P=0.000 and 0.000]. DTI a wave was smaller in the young-aged group than that in the middle-aged and old-aged groups [(12.50±3.90) cm/s vs (14.60±3.70) cm/s, (16.60±3.60) cm/s, t=-2.79 and -5.04, P=0.007 and 0.000] and DTI a wave was smaller in the middle-aged group than that in the old-aged group (t=-2.26, P=0.02). Tricuspid E wave was greater in the young-aged group than that in the middle-aged and old-aged groups [(0.61±0.11) m/s vs (0.51±0.11) m/s, (0.48±0.08) m/s, t=4.58 and 5.44, P=0.000 and 0.000]. E/A was greater in the young-aged group than that in the middle-aged and old-aged groups (1.45±0.30 vs 1.12±0.33, 1.10±0.27, t=4.58 and 5.44, P=0.000 and 0.000). No significant differences were found among different age groups in RV systolic function parameters, whereas a trend of decrease in RV diastolic function was detected. Conclusion Echocardiography can be useful in assessing the structure and function of right heart quantitatively.

Objective To analyze the effects of adenohypophysis function after treating with thyrotropin releasing hormone and its clinical significance in patients with brain trauma. Methods There were 22 cases with traumatic brain injuries from July 2010 to September 2012 in Chinese people's Liberation Army nine eight hospital,after injuried within 4 to 12 hours,then 1 1 cases who were given thyrotropin-releasing hormone(TRH)were selected as experimental group,while 1 1 cases who were given the same amount of isotonic saline were selected as control group,then the score of GCS, ICS,RLS85 and the improvement of adenohypophysis function were observed. Results After treatment,the score of glasgow coma scale (GCS ), innsbruck coma scale (ICS),and the reaction level scale (RLS85)between two groups were significantly increased in three days compared with before treatment,and within three days after injury situation,the improvements of ICS and RLS85 in experimental group were better than control group(P<0.05 ). Compared with control group,the levels of each gland pituitary hormone in experimental group were significantly increased(P<0.05 ),and on the third day,the growth hormone (GH)was reduced significantly,finally 50%of that in control group. Conclusion Patients with brain injury treated with thyrotropin releasing hormone,has no significant adverse reactions,with the characteristics of safe and effective.