Objective To analyze locations of acantholysis in pemphigus vulgaris (PV) and pemphigus foliaceus (PF),so as to explain why acantholysis in pemphigus occurs in different locations of the epidermis.Methods Clinical data,histopathological and immunopathological findings,and pemphigus antibody level values were collected from 43 patients with PV and 28 with PF,and retrospectively analyzed.Results Of the 43 patients with PV,35 showed acantholysis in the upper basal layer,8 in the middle-to-upper epidermis.Of the 28 patients with PF,25 showed acantholysis in the granular layer and the upper prickle cell layer,3 in the middle-to-lower epidermis.Patients with PF showed significantly higher levels of anti-Desmoglein 1 (Dsg1) antibody compared with patients with PV (P =0.047).However,there were no significant differences in the levels of anti-Dsg1 and anti-Dsg3 antibodies between PV patients who had acantholysis in the middle-to-upper epidermis and those in the upper basal layer.Conclusion Histopathological examinations of PV and PF lesions show that acantholysis can occur in the middle-to-upper epidermis,as well as in the middle-to-lower epidermis,and locations of acantholysis may be associated with levels of anti-Dsg1 and anti-Dsg3 antibodies.

Objective To detect the differential expression profile of microRNAs between patients with or without gall?bladder stone. Methods Samples from 30 patients with gallbladder stones (GS) and 30 without gallbladder stones (GP) were collected, in which microRNAs expression profiles were examined using high-throughput sequencing instrument Illumi?na HiSeq 2500. MicroRNA sequences were obtained and compared to Genebank and Rfam database for classification. Differ?entially expressed microRNAs were screened, and their target genes were predicted. Significant enrichment analysis of GO and KEGG were performed. Real-time quantitative PCR was performed on selected miRNAs in order to validate their expres?sion. Results Clean tags were obtained from both GS group (n=2 215 832) and GP group (n=1 424 770). A total of 17 mi?croRNAs were differentially expressed between GS and GP groups with statistical significance, among which 9 were up-regu?lated and 8 were down-regulated in GS group compared to those in GP group. GO (Gene ocology) analysis showed that target genes were enriched in ion binding and transport, apolipoprotein binding, calcium channel activity, protein kinase activity, steroid hormone biosynthesis and metabolism. KEGG(Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes)analysis is shown for the target genes enriched in cancer related pathways, including WNT, HIPPO pathways. qRT-PCR validation of some differen?tially expressed miRNAs confirmed the result of high-throughput data analysis. Conclusion The differential expression levels of microRNAs may play an important role in occurrence and development of gallbladder stones.

Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Chronic Disease ; Colonoscopy ; methods ; Diarrhea ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Male

Objective To observe and identify the osteogenic activity,biocompatibility and mechanical property of a type of macro-pore bone block bioactive glass in rabbits.Methods Establish the femoral condyle defect model with New Zealand white rabbit.Implant in the defect with macro-pore bone block bioglass,β-TCP and NOVABONE(R) respectively.According to the different materials implanted in the defect,three groups were divided as macro-pore bone block bioglass group,β-TCP group and NOVABONE group.After the surgery,X-ray examination was performed to confirm the location and fixation of the materials and to observe the femoral condyle fracture.The specimens were harvested at 4,12 and 24 weeks after the surgery respectively.MicroCT was performed to assess the new bone formation and degradation of the materials.Tetracycline-calcein double labeling was used to detect the mineral apposition rate of new bone.Van Gieson staining was used to assess the new bone formation percentage.Biomechanical markers including the compress strength and elasticity modulus were also measured.Results X-ray examination showed that each femoral defect was filled fully with materials and the materials were all in proper position.As indicated by MicroCT results,at 24 weeks,the bone regeneration volume fraction of each group was 37.48％ ±0.70％,25.29％± 1.45％,27.03％±1.25％ respectively and the difference between macro-pore bone block group and β-TCP group or NOVABONE group was statistically significant.The residual material volume fraction of each group was 34.67％±3.52％,55.66％±2.05％,7.52％± 1.15％ respectively and the difference between macro-pore bone block group and β-TCP group or NOVABONE group was statistically significant.The results of tetracycline-calcein double labeling showed that the mineral apposition rate in macro-pore bone block bioglass group,β-TCP group and NOVABONE group at 4 weeks was (1.577±0.045) um/d,(2.064±0.068)um/d,(1.19±0.09)um/d respectively and the difference between macro-pore bone block bioglass group and β-TCP group was statistically significant.As shown by the results of Van Gieson staining,the new bone area percentage of macro-pore bone block bioglass group,β-TCP group and NOVABONE group was 5.43％± 1.25％,2.77％±0.85％,6.51％± 1.21％ at 4 weeks,8.48％±0.84％,2.94％±0.65％,11.42％±2.66％ at 12 weeks,23.55％± 1.13％,12.92％±0.45％,19.53％±0.91％ at 24 weeks.The difference between macro-pore bone block bioglass group and β-TCP group or NOVABONE group at 24 weeks was statistically significant.By biomechanical test,the compress strength of specimens in macro-pore bone block bioglass group and β-TCP group increased as time prolonged,with no statistically significant between the two groups.The elasticity modulus of specimens in macro-pore bone block bioglass group and NOVABONE group was stable after surgery,closer to the rabbit bone,while elasticity modulus of the β-TCP group increased a lot,unsuit to the rabbit bone.Conclusion Macro-pore bone block bioglass presented good biological activity,biocompatibility and suitable biomechanical properties.This research loaded foundation for the application in weight-bearing sites of this new material.

Objective To evaluate the role of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)-dependent autophagic signaling pathway in ketamine-induced reduction of diabetic neuropathic pain (DNP) in rats.Methods Sixty male Wistar rats,aged 3 months,weighing 200-250 g,were equally randomized into 5 groups using a random number table:control group (C group),normal saline group (NS group),ketamine group (K group),ketamine + Compound C group (KC group),and ketamine + 3-methyladenine (3-MA) group (KM group).DNP model was established by intraperitoneal injection of streptozocin (STZ)65 mg/kg in anesthetized rats.Four weeks later,the equal volume of normal saline,ketamine 10 mg/kg,ketamine 10 mg/kg + Compound C1 mg/kg,and ketamine + 3-MA 2 μl were injected intraperitoneally once a day for 7 consecutive days in NS,K,KC and KM groups,respectively.The mechanical paw withdrawal threshold (MWT) was measured on 8th day.The rats were then sacrificed,and the lunbar segment (L1-5) of the spinal cord was removed for determination of the expression of AMPKαt,Beclin-1,microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain (LC) 3B (by Western blot) and dendritic spine density in the dorsal root ganglia.Results Compared with group C,the MWT,expression of AMPKα,Beclin-1,and LC3B,and dendritic spine density were significantly decreased in group NS (P＜0.05).Compared with group NS,the MWT,expression of AMPKαt,Beclin-1,and LC3B,and dendritic spine density were significantly increased in group K (P＜0.05).Compared with group K,the MWT,expression of AMPKα,Beclin-1,and LC3B,and dendritic spine density were significantly decreased in KC and KM groups (P＜0.05).Conclusion Activation of AMPK-dependent autophagic pathway is involved in ketamine-induced reduction of DNP in rats.

Streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats were treated with GSH for 12 weeks.The results showed that GSH significantly improved the expressions of NF-KB and inducible nitrie oxide synthase and ameliorated the myocardial tissue injury.

Objective:To investigate the expression of microRNA (miR)-938, its effect on cell proliferation and its regulatory mechanism in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).Methods:HCC and paracancerous tissues were collected from 40 patients with HCC who underwent surgical resection in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University from January 2015 to June 2019, including 25 males and 15 females, with an average age of 61.4 years. HepG2 cells in the miR-938 overexpression group were transfected with miR-938 mimics, and the negative control group was transfected with the negative control sequence. Cell proliferation was detected by kit, the expression of miR-938 and the succinate dehydrogenase complex subunit D (SDHD) was detected by fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and SDHD protein expression was detected by Western blot. The target genes of miR-938 were verified by dual luciferase reporting.Results:The relative expression of miR-938 in HCC tissues was (0.060±0.002), which was higher than that in adjacent tissues (0.030±0.002), and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05). The mRNA relative expression of SDHD in HCC tissues was (0.028±0.002), lower than that in adjacent tissues (0.062±0.002), and the protein expression of SDHD in HCC tissues was (0.963±0.008), lower than that in adjacent tissues (1.083±0.037), with statistical significance (both P<0.05). The proliferation activity of miR-938 overexpression group was significantly higher than that of negative control group, and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05). MiR-938 significantly inhibited the luciferase activity of SDHD wild-type 3’-untranslated regions. In the overexpression miR-938 cells, SDHD mRNA and protein levels were significantly lower than those in the negative control group ( P<0.05). Conclusion:MiR-938 was highly expressed in HCC tissues. MiR-938 promoted the proliferation of HCC cells by inhibiting the expression of SDHD.

Objective:To analyze the expression of LETM2 in KYSE150 and ECA109 cell lines and its effect on the proliferation, migra-tion, and invasion of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Methods:The expression level of the LETM2 protein in 90 paired hu-man ESCC tissues and matched adjacent normal tissues was determined through immunohistochemistry. The expression level of LETM2 in ESCC cell lines was detected by real-time PCR and Western blot. The expression levels of LETM2 in KYSE150 and ECA109 cell lines were knocked down using lentivirus. MTT assays were performed to examine the effect of LETM2 on the proliferation of ESCC cells. Colony formation assay was used to detect the colony formation ability. Flow cytometry was performed to analyze the cell cycle. The effect of LETM2 depletion on the migration and invasion of ESCC cells was determined by Transwell assay. Results:LETM2 expres-sion was frequently upregulated in the ESCC tissues than in the adjacent normal tissues. The suppressed exogenous expression of LETM2 led to the inhibition of cell proliferation and colony formation. However, cell migration and invasion were not affected. The re-sults on the cell cycle distribution revealed that LETM2 knockdown acts as a negative regulator of the cell cycle at the G1 to S phase transition. Conclusion:LETM2 acts as a tumor-driven gene in the development and progression of ESCC. This finding suggests that LETM2 can be used as an efficient prognosis biomarker and a potential therapeutic target for ESCC.

Objective:To investigate the relationship between serum lipocalin-2 level and the risk of cardiovascular disease(CVD) in patients with type 2 diabetes.Methods:A total of 279 type 2 diabetic patients were enrolled in this study. Basic information and clinical data were collected. These patients were divided into CVD group and non-CVD group according to their cardiovascular disease status. Serum lipocalin-2 level was assessed by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.Results:Compared to non-CVD group, serum lipocalin-2 level was significantly higher in CVD group( P<0.01). The Spearman correlation analysis showed that serum lipocalin-2 level was positively correlated with waist circumstance, diastolic blood pressure, uric acid, triglyceride, and HbA 1C( P<0.05), while negatively correlated with high density lipoprotein-cholesterol level( P<0.01). In addition, the univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that serum lipocalin-2 was an independent risk factor for CVD( P<0.01)after adjustment for potential confounders. Moreover, receiver operating characteristic curve analysis demonstrated that the area under curve value of lipocalin-2 was 0.74, with the optimal cutoff value of lipocalin-2 66.84 ng/mL. Conclusion:Serum lipocalin-2 is closely associated with CVD in patients with type 2 diabetes, which might be considered as one of the predictors for CVD in type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Objective - （ ） To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of occupational noise induced deafness ONID （ ） diagnosed by Guangdong Province Hospital of Occupational Disease Prevention and Control GDHOD from 2016 to 2020 and - Methods the reasons non ONID diagnosis. The data of ONID patients diagnosed in GDHOD from 2016 to 2020 were collected “ from the Occupational Disease Report Card in the Occupational Disease and Occupational Health Information Monitoring ” “ ” - System subsystem of the China Disease Prevention and Control Information System . The data of non ONID subjects were ， collected from the occupational disease diagnosis archives in the same hospital and the relevant data were analyzed Results ， ， （ ） retrospectively. Of the 1 432 subjects 824 subjects were diagnosed as ONID patients mainly of mild ONID 86.0% . （M） ， M Male patients accounted for 88.0%. The median of diagnosis age was 45.0 years old and of length of employment of ， ， ， diagnosis was 8.3 years. ONID patients were mainly found in Zhongshan Dongguan Zhuhai Jiangmen and Guangzhou City in ， ， （ ） the Pearl River Delta accounting for 67.6%. The cases distributed in 519 enterprises mainly on manufacturing 90.2% . ， - ， ； Among the 139 enterprises each enterprise had 2 11 patients worked within five years accounting for 53.9% 91.1% of the -， - - - ONID patients were distributed in large medium and small enterprises. ONID patients mainly worked in non public enterprises that accounted for 91.3%. There were 606 subjects could not be diagnosed as ONID. The main reasons for not being （ ）， diagnosed were that the weighted value of better ear hearing threshold was less than 26 dB 34.8% the working history of （ ）， occupational noise exposure was less than three years 31.5% the weighted value of better ear hearing threshold was less thanConclusion 26 dB and the average hearing threshold of binaural high frequency was less than 40 dB 16.2% . The ONID ， ， -， - patients have the characteristics of group aggregation. The Pearl River Delta manufacturing industry large medium and - - ： small non public enterprises are the key points of ONID prevention. The main reasons for not being diagnosed as ONID were ， the working history of occupational noise exposure was less than three years the weighted value of better ear hearing threshold ， - was less than 26 dB and the average high frequency hearing threshold of both ears was less than 40 dB.