BACKGROUND:Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells can survive under the lethal dose of radiation in response to hematopoietic stem cells, and stil maintain the typical characteristics of stem cells to promote hematopoietic recovery after radiation. However, autophagy is an important mechanism for cellular adaptation under stress, which may be involved in radiation tolerance of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the role of autophagy in human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in response to irradiation. METHODS:Passage 3 bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells cultured in vitro at logarithmic phase were col ected and randomized into control, 3-mehyladenine, rapamycin, irradiation, irradiation+3-mehyladenine and irradiation+rapamycin groups. The autophagy reactions of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were regulated by 5 mmol/L 3-mehyladenine and 200 nmol/L rapamycin for 12 hours in the 3-mehyladenine and rapamycin groups, respectively. Two-hour 6 Gy X-ray irradiation was performed in the irradiation group and two complication groups undergoing 12-hour corresponding drug intervention. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The proportions of cells with autophagic vacuoles and apoptotic cells were higher in the irradiation group than the control group, moreover, autophagic+apoptotic cells were increased in the irradiation group. 3-mehyladenine intervention could decrease the proportion of cells with autophagic vacuoles,and increase the number of apoptotic cells. But there was no difference in the proportion of autophagic+apoptotic cells between the 3-mehyladenine and irradiation groups. After rapamycin intervention, the proportion of autophagic cells was higher than that in the irradiation group, but no difference in the proportion of apoptotic cells between the two grups, as wel as there were no autophagic+apoptotic cells. The expression of microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3-II was ranked as fol ows:the control and 3-mehyladenine groups

Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of the enhancement patterns for characterizing various focal hepatic lesions (FHL). Methods Forty-seven patients (50 lesions) were included into the study. The morphologic features and the dynamic enhancement patterns of FHL were observed in the early arterial phase, late arterial phase and portal venous phase.The degree of FHL enhancement was analyzed by calculating the contrast-to-noise ratio. Results 70% of the HCCs presented “fast-filling and rapid-washout” feature; 67% of the cholangiocarcinomas showed slight enhancement in arterial phase, and 33.3% had delayed enhancement on portal venous phase; All hemangiomas presented peripheral nodular enhancement in arterial phase, which then demonstrating centropedal “push-on” enhancement in portal venous phase; Hepatic abscesses mainly presented a slightly enhanced rim around the lesion with fibrous septa inside and an edematous zone outside. Conclusion The enhancement pattern and the dynamic evolution of FHL enhancement had a great diagnostic value for different FHL by using MRI 3D-VIBE sequence.

Objective To detect the differential expression profile of microRNAs between patients with or without gall?bladder stone. Methods Samples from 30 patients with gallbladder stones (GS) and 30 without gallbladder stones (GP) were collected, in which microRNAs expression profiles were examined using high-throughput sequencing instrument Illumi?na HiSeq 2500. MicroRNA sequences were obtained and compared to Genebank and Rfam database for classification. Differ?entially expressed microRNAs were screened, and their target genes were predicted. Significant enrichment analysis of GO and KEGG were performed. Real-time quantitative PCR was performed on selected miRNAs in order to validate their expres?sion. Results Clean tags were obtained from both GS group (n=2 215 832) and GP group (n=1 424 770). A total of 17 mi?croRNAs were differentially expressed between GS and GP groups with statistical significance, among which 9 were up-regu?lated and 8 were down-regulated in GS group compared to those in GP group. GO (Gene ocology) analysis showed that target genes were enriched in ion binding and transport, apolipoprotein binding, calcium channel activity, protein kinase activity, steroid hormone biosynthesis and metabolism. KEGG(Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes)analysis is shown for the target genes enriched in cancer related pathways, including WNT, HIPPO pathways. qRT-PCR validation of some differen?tially expressed miRNAs confirmed the result of high-throughput data analysis. Conclusion The differential expression levels of microRNAs may play an important role in occurrence and development of gallbladder stones.

OBJECTIVEThe aim of this study was to determine the accuracy of personalized implant fabricated via 3D printing and fused deposition modeling technique (FDM) and to compare the results with a real tooth.

METHODSSix prepared extracted orthodontic teeth (in vivo) were scanned via cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) to obtain 3D data and to build the data models by using Mimics 15.0 software. The extracted orthodontic teeth (in vitro) and the personalized implants designed via 3D printing and FDM were scanned via CBCT to obtain data and to build the data models at the same parameters. The 3D deviations were compared among the in vivo teeth data models, in vitro teeth data models, and printing personalized implant data models by using the Geomagic studio software.

RESULTSThe average deviations of high and low areas between date models of in vivo teeth and personalized implants were 0.19 mm and -0.16 mm, respectively, and the average deviations between in vitro and in vivo teeth were 0.14 mm and -0.07 mm, respectively. The independent t test showed that no statistically significant difference was observed between the two groups (P>0.05).

CONCLUSION1) The personalized dental implants were manufactured via 3D printing and FDM with a high degree of precision. 2) Errors between the data models of in vitro and in vivo teeth were observed at the same CBCT parameters.

Objective To evaluate the effects of celecoxib on tumor growth and cell apoptosis in human triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) xenografts in nude mice.Methods Human TNBC MDA-MB-231 cells were inoculated subcutaneously into BALB/c nude mice.The mice (n=32) were then randomly divided into 4 groups,the control group and the celecoxib group (receiving 25,50,100 mg·kg-1·d-1 respectively).At the end of the study,tumor tissues were collected and tumor volume was measured.Cell apoptosis was determined by flow cytometry (FCM) analysis.NF-κB p65 and pS0 protein levels were measured by immunohistochemistry.Caspase-3 and survivin protein levels were detected by western blotting.Results celecoxib at dose of 25,50 and 100 mg·kg-1·d-1 inhibited the tumor growth significantly,compared with the control group.FCM results showed that apoptotic rates were (13.58±3.16) ％ and (21.91±4.75) ％ in moderate and high dose of celecoxib-treated group,compared with (3.15±1.73) ％ in control group (t =6.736,P ＜ 0.05;t =12.151,P ＜ 0.05).p65 expressions were 79.3 ％,46.7 ％ and 23.9 ％ in low,moderate and high dose of celecoxib-treated group,compared with 89.7 ％ in control group (x2 =3.312,P ＜ 0.05; x2 =10.785,P ＜ 0.05;x2 =15.900,P ＜ 0.05).Besides,western blotting analysis demonstrated that celecoxib significantly downregulated survivin expression,while upregulated the active form of caspase-3 expression.Conclusion Celecoxib could suppress TNBC tumor growth and induce cell apoptosis,which might be partially associated with inactivation of p65 and downregulation of survivin.

Objective To explore the cyclase-associated protein 2 (CAP2) expression in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).Method The expression of CAP2 was determined by reverse transcription PCR,Western blot,and immunohistochemistry in normal liver,cirrhotic liver,and HCC.Results According to reverse transcription PCR and Western Blot,the level of CAP2 was up-regulated in HCC and was further up-regulated in progressed HCC than in early HCC.CAP2 expression was almost absent in normal and cirrhotic liver.The same results were seen in immunohistochemical examination.Also,CAP2 showed stronger expression in medium and poor-differentiated HCC than in well-differentiated HCC.Conclusion CAP2 is an up-regulated gene in HCC and may relate to the stages of hepatocarcinogenesis.Therefore,CAP2 could be used as a valuable molecular marker for HCC diagnosis in the future.

AlM: To observe the effects of the coelomic cavity injection of triamcinolone acetonide ( TA) combined with laser photocoagulation on patients with retinal vein occlusion.
METHODS:Fifty-six patients of retinal obstruction with macular edema were accepted from January 2010 to December 2012 in our hospital. All patients received iodized lecithin and Xueshuantong. And, patients with central retinal vein occlusion ( CRVO ) , hemi- central retinal vein occlusion ( hemi-CRVO ) and branch retinal vein occlusion ( BRVO ) treated by TA combined with laser photocoagulation, respectively. Follow-up period was of at least 6mo
RESULTS: After the treatment of 1, 3 and 6mo, the central foveal thickness was reduced significantly ( P<0. 05). After followed up 6-12mo, the total effective rate of CRVO, Hemi-CRVO and BRVO patients was 83% ~95% and all the patients had no significant adverse reactions.
CONCLUSlON:Basing on the traditional treatment, TA combined with laser photocoagulation is more effective in the treatment of retinal vein occlusion and is worthy of clinical usage.

Ear ; Eosinophilic Granuloma ; Facial Neoplasms ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Parotid Gland

Objective To observe and identify the osteogenic activity,biocompatibility and mechanical property of a type of macro-pore bone block bioactive glass in rabbits.Methods Establish the femoral condyle defect model with New Zealand white rabbit.Implant in the defect with macro-pore bone block bioglass,β-TCP and NOVABONE(R) respectively.According to the different materials implanted in the defect,three groups were divided as macro-pore bone block bioglass group,β-TCP group and NOVABONE group.After the surgery,X-ray examination was performed to confirm the location and fixation of the materials and to observe the femoral condyle fracture.The specimens were harvested at 4,12 and 24 weeks after the surgery respectively.MicroCT was performed to assess the new bone formation and degradation of the materials.Tetracycline-calcein double labeling was used to detect the mineral apposition rate of new bone.Van Gieson staining was used to assess the new bone formation percentage.Biomechanical markers including the compress strength and elasticity modulus were also measured.Results X-ray examination showed that each femoral defect was filled fully with materials and the materials were all in proper position.As indicated by MicroCT results,at 24 weeks,the bone regeneration volume fraction of each group was 37.48％ ±0.70％,25.29％± 1.45％,27.03％±1.25％ respectively and the difference between macro-pore bone block group and β-TCP group or NOVABONE group was statistically significant.The residual material volume fraction of each group was 34.67％±3.52％,55.66％±2.05％,7.52％± 1.15％ respectively and the difference between macro-pore bone block group and β-TCP group or NOVABONE group was statistically significant.The results of tetracycline-calcein double labeling showed that the mineral apposition rate in macro-pore bone block bioglass group,β-TCP group and NOVABONE group at 4 weeks was (1.577±0.045) um/d,(2.064±0.068)um/d,(1.19±0.09)um/d respectively and the difference between macro-pore bone block bioglass group and β-TCP group was statistically significant.As shown by the results of Van Gieson staining,the new bone area percentage of macro-pore bone block bioglass group,β-TCP group and NOVABONE group was 5.43％± 1.25％,2.77％±0.85％,6.51％± 1.21％ at 4 weeks,8.48％±0.84％,2.94％±0.65％,11.42％±2.66％ at 12 weeks,23.55％± 1.13％,12.92％±0.45％,19.53％±0.91％ at 24 weeks.The difference between macro-pore bone block bioglass group and β-TCP group or NOVABONE group at 24 weeks was statistically significant.By biomechanical test,the compress strength of specimens in macro-pore bone block bioglass group and β-TCP group increased as time prolonged,with no statistically significant between the two groups.The elasticity modulus of specimens in macro-pore bone block bioglass group and NOVABONE group was stable after surgery,closer to the rabbit bone,while elasticity modulus of the β-TCP group increased a lot,unsuit to the rabbit bone.Conclusion Macro-pore bone block bioglass presented good biological activity,biocompatibility and suitable biomechanical properties.This research loaded foundation for the application in weight-bearing sites of this new material.

OBJECTIVE:To establish a method for the simultaneous determination of tetracycline hydrochloride and cortisone acetate in Cortisone tetracycline eye ointment. METHODS:HPLC was performed on the column of Phenomenex C18 and shimaduz GL C18 with mobile phase of 0.01 mol/L Sodium dodecyl sulfate solution(adjusted to pH 2.5 with phosphoric acid)-acetonitrile(60∶40,V/V)at flow rate of 1.0 ml/min,detection wavelength was 254 nm,column temperature was 30 ℃,and the injection volume was 20 μl. RESULTS:The linear range was 11.36-227.18 μg/ml for tetracycline hydrochloride(r=0.999 9)and 11.11-222.21 μg/ml for cortisone acetate(r=0.999 9);RSDs of precision,stability and reproducibility tests were no more than 1.2%;recoveries were 96.89%-100.67%(RSD=1.1%,n=9)and 100.04%-101.02%(RSD=0.3%,n=9),respectively. CONCLUSIONS:The method is simple,accurate and specific,and can accurately determine the contents of tetracycline hydrochloride and cortisone acetate in Corti-sone tetracycline eye ointment.