Objective To investigate the effects of titanium nitride(TiN) coating on corrosion resistance of dental Co-Cr alloy in the simulated oral environment. Methods The Co-Cr alloy commonly used was casted with specimen sized of 10 mm× 10 mm×3 mm. Then the specimen was coated with a thickness of 2.5 μm TiN coating on the surface by multi-arc physical vapor deposition. The Tafel polarization curves of the specimen before and after coating titanium nitride in artificial saliva were measured by electrochemical station. Results From the Tafel polarization curves, the specimen after coating TiN showed that both anodic polarization curve and cathodal polarization curve were fiat, natural corrosion potential moved to the positive way, and passivation interval got longer. From the annular anodic polarization curves, the specimen after coating TiN had almost no "delay area". Conclusion TiN coating can improve corrosion resistance of Co-Cr alloy.

Objective To explore economic valuation of the minimally invasive esophagectomy.Methods The cases undergone esophagectomy were studied retrospectively.Monofactorial analysis was done to evaluate the impact of various factors on the overall hospitalization costs.The correlated factors then were used as independent variables to carry out the multiple linear regression aimed at the hospitalization costs.Results The results of monofactorial analysis showed that the accompanying diseases,days during hospitalization,modes of esophagectomy,postoperative complications were correlated factors of the overall hospitalization costs.According to the multiple linear regression,it were sorted based on descending order duing to its effect of largenning the hospitalization costs:postoperative complications (β =0.439,P =0.000),days during hospitalization (β =0.397,P =0.000),accompanying diseases(β =0.257,P =0.000),modes of esophagectomy(β =0.132,P =0.000).The expenses caused immediately by the operations were statistically more of the minimally invasive surgery than that of the open procedures whatever the numerous or proportion of the overall costs (P =0.000).Conclusion Combined thoracoscopic and laparoscopic esophagectomy was more expensive than open operation.Nevertheless,impact of the other factors,such as postoperative complications,were more significant than that of the different procedure.h was a strategy to minimally invasive osophagectomy that hospitalization costs could be reduced by means of controlling complications and diminishing hospitalization days.

Objective To observe and identify the osteogenic activity,biocompatibility and mechanical property of a type of macro-pore bone block bioactive glass in rabbits.Methods Establish the femoral condyle defect model with New Zealand white rabbit.Implant in the defect with macro-pore bone block bioglass,β-TCP and NOVABONE(R) respectively.According to the different materials implanted in the defect,three groups were divided as macro-pore bone block bioglass group,β-TCP group and NOVABONE group.After the surgery,X-ray examination was performed to confirm the location and fixation of the materials and to observe the femoral condyle fracture.The specimens were harvested at 4,12 and 24 weeks after the surgery respectively.MicroCT was performed to assess the new bone formation and degradation of the materials.Tetracycline-calcein double labeling was used to detect the mineral apposition rate of new bone.Van Gieson staining was used to assess the new bone formation percentage.Biomechanical markers including the compress strength and elasticity modulus were also measured.Results X-ray examination showed that each femoral defect was filled fully with materials and the materials were all in proper position.As indicated by MicroCT results,at 24 weeks,the bone regeneration volume fraction of each group was 37.48％ ±0.70％,25.29％± 1.45％,27.03％±1.25％ respectively and the difference between macro-pore bone block group and β-TCP group or NOVABONE group was statistically significant.The residual material volume fraction of each group was 34.67％±3.52％,55.66％±2.05％,7.52％± 1.15％ respectively and the difference between macro-pore bone block group and β-TCP group or NOVABONE group was statistically significant.The results of tetracycline-calcein double labeling showed that the mineral apposition rate in macro-pore bone block bioglass group,β-TCP group and NOVABONE group at 4 weeks was (1.577±0.045) um/d,(2.064±0.068)um/d,(1.19±0.09)um/d respectively and the difference between macro-pore bone block bioglass group and β-TCP group was statistically significant.As shown by the results of Van Gieson staining,the new bone area percentage of macro-pore bone block bioglass group,β-TCP group and NOVABONE group was 5.43％± 1.25％,2.77％±0.85％,6.51％± 1.21％ at 4 weeks,8.48％±0.84％,2.94％±0.65％,11.42％±2.66％ at 12 weeks,23.55％± 1.13％,12.92％±0.45％,19.53％±0.91％ at 24 weeks.The difference between macro-pore bone block bioglass group and β-TCP group or NOVABONE group at 24 weeks was statistically significant.By biomechanical test,the compress strength of specimens in macro-pore bone block bioglass group and β-TCP group increased as time prolonged,with no statistically significant between the two groups.The elasticity modulus of specimens in macro-pore bone block bioglass group and NOVABONE group was stable after surgery,closer to the rabbit bone,while elasticity modulus of the β-TCP group increased a lot,unsuit to the rabbit bone.Conclusion Macro-pore bone block bioglass presented good biological activity,biocompatibility and suitable biomechanical properties.This research loaded foundation for the application in weight-bearing sites of this new material.

Objective To evaluate the role of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)-dependent autophagic signaling pathway in ketamine-induced reduction of diabetic neuropathic pain (DNP) in rats.Methods Sixty male Wistar rats,aged 3 months,weighing 200-250 g,were equally randomized into 5 groups using a random number table:control group (C group),normal saline group (NS group),ketamine group (K group),ketamine + Compound C group (KC group),and ketamine + 3-methyladenine (3-MA) group (KM group).DNP model was established by intraperitoneal injection of streptozocin (STZ)65 mg/kg in anesthetized rats.Four weeks later,the equal volume of normal saline,ketamine 10 mg/kg,ketamine 10 mg/kg + Compound C1 mg/kg,and ketamine + 3-MA 2 μl were injected intraperitoneally once a day for 7 consecutive days in NS,K,KC and KM groups,respectively.The mechanical paw withdrawal threshold (MWT) was measured on 8th day.The rats were then sacrificed,and the lunbar segment (L1-5) of the spinal cord was removed for determination of the expression of AMPKαt,Beclin-1,microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain (LC) 3B (by Western blot) and dendritic spine density in the dorsal root ganglia.Results Compared with group C,the MWT,expression of AMPKα,Beclin-1,and LC3B,and dendritic spine density were significantly decreased in group NS (P＜0.05).Compared with group NS,the MWT,expression of AMPKαt,Beclin-1,and LC3B,and dendritic spine density were significantly increased in group K (P＜0.05).Compared with group K,the MWT,expression of AMPKα,Beclin-1,and LC3B,and dendritic spine density were significantly decreased in KC and KM groups (P＜0.05).Conclusion Activation of AMPK-dependent autophagic pathway is involved in ketamine-induced reduction of DNP in rats.

Objective To verify the accuracy of the mathematical model of gastrointestinal decompression after esophagectomy of esophageal cancer and explore predictive value of the mathematical model in the postoperative complications.Methods The retrospective case-control study was conducted.The clinicopatholo gical data of 192 patients with esophageal cancer who underwent esophagectomy in the Beijing Chaoyang Hospital of Capital Medical University between October 2013 and October 2016 were collected.Among 192 patients,160 didn't have postoperative complications and 32 had postoperative complications (7 with postoperative anastomotic leakage,9 with pulmonary infection and 16 with dysfunction of gastralintestinal tract).Patients selected the appropriate surgical procedures according to individual conditions,and then volume of gastrointestinal decompression was recorded daily.According to the regression equation of influencing factors of volume of postoperative gastrointestinal decompression:average daily drainage volume within 5 days (mL)=262.287 + 132.873 × tubular stomach-72.160 × smoking history-27.904 × pathological type of tumor-36.368 × age,predictive value of postoperative gastrointestinal decompression was calculated and compared with real volume of gastrointestinal decompression.Observation indicators:(1) comparison between predictive value and real volume of postoperative gastrointestinal decompression in patients without complications;(2) comparison between predictive value and real volume of postoperative gastrointestinal decompression in patients with complications.Measurement data with normal distribution were represented as (x)±s and comparison was analyzed using the pairedsamples t test.Measurement data with skewed distribution were described as M (range),and comparison was analyzed using the Wilcoxon signed rank tests.Results (1) Comparison between predictive value and real volume of postoperative gastrointestinal decompression in patients without complications:predictive value and real volume of postoperative gastrointestinal decompression in 160 patients without complications were respectively 187 mL (range,58-392 mL) and 207 mL (range,20-570 mL),with no statistically significant difference (Z=-1.106,P＞0.05).(2) Comparison between predictive value and real volume of postoperative gastrointestinal decompression in patients with complications:7 patients had postoperative anastomotic leakage,including 1 with cervical anastomotic leakage and 6 with chest anastomotic leakage.The predictive value and real volume of postoperative gastrointestinal decompression in 7 patients with anastomotic leakage were respectively (215±58)mL and (338± 106)mL,with a statistically significant difference (t=-3.139,P＜0.05).The predictive value and real volume of postoperative gastrointestinal decompression in 9 patients with postoperative pulmonary infection were respectively (176±61) mL and (239± 111) mL,with no statistically significant difference (t =-1.805,P＞0.05).The predictive value and real volume of postoperative gastrointestinal decompression in 16 patients with dysfunction of gastralintestinal tract were respectively (236 ± 60) mL and (357 ± 107) mL,with a statistically significant difference (t =-4.716,P＜ 0.05).Conclusions The mathematical model of gastrointestinal decompression after esophagectomy of esophageal cancer is correct and feasible.There is a predictive value for patients with postoperative anastomotic leakage and dysfunction of gastralintestinal tract.

Objective To evaluate the value of multi-slice CT enterography(MSCTE),capsule endoscopy(CE) and contrast-enhanced ultrasound(CEUS) findings score in the assessment of Crohn disease activity,prospectively.Methods One hundred and eight patients were diagnosed with CD by endoscopy combined with clinical or pathological results,and all of the patients' Crohn disease activity index(CDAI) were greater than or equal to 150.MSCTE were performed in all the patients.At the same time,48 and 60 patients of them were voluntary to accept CEUS and CE examination,respectively.The imaging score of the three different techniques was calculated.Patients' CDAI were calculated combined with the C-reactive protein(CRP) content and clinical feature.To analyze the correlation among the imaging score patients' CDAI,and CRP content,respectively using the Pearson method.Results The mean score of MSCTE,CEUS and CE were(7.6±2.7),(11.5 ±4.3) and(12.8±8.2),respectively.The patients' mean CDAI and CRP content were(296.1±93.5) and(23.7±5.2) mg/L,respectively.It was high correlation between MSCTE score and CDAI (r=0.916,P＜0.01),but it was moderate between CEUS(r=0.752,P＜0.01),CE(r=0.707,P＜0.01) score and CDAI.There was no evident correlation between MSCTE(r=0.167,P＞0.05),CEUS(r=0.200,P＞0.05) score and CRP content excepting the CE result(r=0.467,P＜0.01).Conclusions There was a good correlation between the MSCTE score and CDAI.We could use MSCTE findings score to assess the activity of CD patients prospectively.

Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Posterior Leukoencephalopathy Syndrome ; diagnosis ; etiology ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma ; complications

Objective:To analyze the expression of LETM2 in KYSE150 and ECA109 cell lines and its effect on the proliferation, migra-tion, and invasion of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Methods:The expression level of the LETM2 protein in 90 paired hu-man ESCC tissues and matched adjacent normal tissues was determined through immunohistochemistry. The expression level of LETM2 in ESCC cell lines was detected by real-time PCR and Western blot. The expression levels of LETM2 in KYSE150 and ECA109 cell lines were knocked down using lentivirus. MTT assays were performed to examine the effect of LETM2 on the proliferation of ESCC cells. Colony formation assay was used to detect the colony formation ability. Flow cytometry was performed to analyze the cell cycle. The effect of LETM2 depletion on the migration and invasion of ESCC cells was determined by Transwell assay. Results:LETM2 expres-sion was frequently upregulated in the ESCC tissues than in the adjacent normal tissues. The suppressed exogenous expression of LETM2 led to the inhibition of cell proliferation and colony formation. However, cell migration and invasion were not affected. The re-sults on the cell cycle distribution revealed that LETM2 knockdown acts as a negative regulator of the cell cycle at the G1 to S phase transition. Conclusion:LETM2 acts as a tumor-driven gene in the development and progression of ESCC. This finding suggests that LETM2 can be used as an efficient prognosis biomarker and a potential therapeutic target for ESCC.

Objective To evaluate the role and technical advantages of CT in 125Ⅰseed implantation in the treatment of tumors. Methods CT-guided 125Ⅰ seed implantation in 45 cases of cancer patients treated 57 times in 51 lesions,CT were used to evaluate the progress of lesions after 125Ⅰ seed implantation 1,2,6 months. Results All procedures were once successful and the total effective rate was 74.5% without any serious complications. Fifty CT examinations immediately after implantation showed satisfactorily seeds distribution but seven cases less satisfactorily that include particles overlap,the location is too close to the lesion edge,the larger the radiation cold spots,etc. Follow-up CT reexamination in 1,2 and 6 months demonstrated that CT examinations showed satisfactorily seeds distribution but accurate seeds number,which could be solved by combined with MPR images and the positioning piece. Conclusions CT-guided 125Ⅰ seed implantation treatment of tumors was a safe,reliable and effective minimally invasive treatment. CT in the preoperative treatment of seed implants planning,precise intraoperative guidance,quality assurance and efficacy of postoperative assessment had a greater role and application advantages.

Purpose To analyze differential diagnosis between Hashimoto thyroiditis of atypical cell clusters ( ACC) and papillary thy-roid carcinoma (PTC). Methods 153 cases of Hashimoto thyroiditis (HT) were collected and divided into 3 groups:PTC group (49 cases), ACC group (32 cases), and HT as control group (72 cases). Morphology observations were done. CD56, CK19, galectin-3 and Ki-67 were detected by immunohistochemistry. Results Morphologic differences were observed among the groups. PTC showed milder positive expression of CK19 and galectin-3, and weaker positive expression of CD56 than that of ACC. Ki-67 index in ACC and PTC was lower than that of HT. Conclusions Morphological characteristics combined with CD56, CK19, Galectin-3 and Ki-67 evalu-ations could be valuable in the differential diagnosis between PTC and ACC.