OBJECTIVE: Based on contiguous axial computed tomography (CT) images of the frontal sinus, a three-dimensional (3D) visualization and reconstruction of fronto-ethmoidal cells was performed using Intage Realia (version 2011) software to generate a model to accurately understand the anatomical structure of fronto-ethmoidal cells. METHOD: Retrospective analyses of nose CT scan data of 50 patients without sinusitis were performed. Using Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) images of sinus axial CT scans, the 3D visualization and reconstruction of the sinus was performed using the Achilles tendon and nasal passage modes in Intage Realia (version 2011) software on personal computers. Two segmentations were performed on the reconstructed sinus, and the structures of the agger nasi, frontal cells, and supraorbital cells and the relative locations of the frontal sinus drainage pathway and cells were observed. RESULT: The 3D visualization of the fronto-ethmoidal cells and frontal sinus drainage pathway was successful, allowing accurate observation of the anatomical characteristics of the fronto-ethmoidal cells. CONCLUSION The 3D visualization of fronto-ethmoidal cells can be reconstructed based on contiguous axial CT images of the sinus, allowing an accurate understanding of the anatomical structure of fronto-ethmoidal cells and is well prepared for frontal sinus surgeries.
Frontal Sinus ; anatomy & histology ; surgery ; Humans ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Nasal Cavity ; Nose ; Paranasal Sinuses ; Retrospective Studies ; Sinusitis ; Software ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Generally absolute majority of wild-type microbial strains do not produce bioactive metabolites, resulting in large numbers of so-called 'useless strains' stocked or destroyed. These strains, however, would become a great source of bioactive meabolites if their secondary metabolism could be altered to produce diverse metabolites. We have therefore undertaken a research work on exploiting microbial new strain resources for drug screening by altering secondary metabolism of the 'useless strains' to discover bioactive metabolites. A considerable progress with expectant advantage desired has been made in the studies on marine-derived actinomycetic and fungal strains. This paper summarizes our research results including several new developments in brief.

Objective To compare the effects of sevoflurane versus propofol on a tourniquet-induced lower extremity ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury in patients undergoing orthopedic operation.Methods Fifty-four ASA Ⅰ or Ⅱ patients,aged 18-64 yr,weighing 44-85 kg,scheduled for elective orthopedic operation,were randomly assigned into 3 groups (n =18 each)∶ control group (group C),propofol group (group P) and sevoflurane group (group S).After lumbar plexus-sciatic nerve block,the laryngeal mask airway insertion was facilitated with propofol 2-4 mg/kg and anesthesia was maintained with infusion of propofol at 2-4 mg· kg-1 · h-1 during operation in group P.In group S,8 ％ sevoflurane was inhaled,the laryngeal mask airway was inserted and anesthesia was maintained with inhalation of 2％ sevoflurane during operation.A tourniquet was applied and inflated (300 mm Hg)during 15-20 min after administration of propofol or sevoflurane in groups P and S,and a tourniquet was also applied at the same time point in group C.The tourniquet was released at the end of operation.Postoperative analgesia was performed with oral meloxicam or intramuscular pethidine and VAS score was maintained ＜ 3.Blood samples were taken after admission to the operating room (T1) and 30 min after tourniquet release (T2) to determine the plasma concentrations of MDA and TNF-α.The changing rate of MDA and TNF-α concentrations was calculated.The tourniquet-related adverse events and amount of analgesics consumed within 24 h after operation were recorded.Results No tourniquet-related adverse events occurred in all the patients.Compared with group C,the plasma concentrations of MDA and TNF-α and changing rate were significantly decreased at T2 in groups P and S (P ＜ 0.05).There were no significant differences in the plasma concentrations of MDA and TNF-α and changing rate between group S and group P (P ＞ 0.05).Compared with the baseline value at T1,no significant change was found in the plasma concentrations of MDA and TNF-α at T2 in groups P and S (P ＞ 0.05),and the plasma concentrations of MDA and TNF-α were significantly increased at T2 in group C (P ＜ 0.05).There was no significant difference in the amount of analgesics consumed within 24 h after operation between the three groups (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Both sevoflurane and propofol can reduce a tourniquet-induced lower extremity I/R injury in patients undergoing orthopedic operation and the efficacy is comparable.

Objective To survey the value of quantitative detection of urinary endotoxin for the diagnosis of gram-negative bacteria infection in urinary system,in order to provide evidences for early diagnosis and treatment.Methods The levels of urinary endotoxin were detected by kinetic turbidimetric technique,at the same time urine was cultured and WBC,CRP were detected.Results In 379 patients with gram-negative bacteria infection in urinary system,132 patients were upper urinary tract infection and 247 were lower urinary tract infection.The level of WBC,CRP and endotoxin were 11.25(7.98,13.99)× 109/L,81.36(76.64,83.50)mg/L and 49.57(17.28,78.37)pg/ml in upper urinary tract infection patients and in lower uri-nary tract infection patients were 10.24(7.94,12.24)×109/L,70.46(70.46,77.32)mg/L and 21.18(21.18,37.31)pg/ml. The group of upper urinary tract infection was higher than lower urinary tract infection on CRP and endotoxin,and have sig-nificant difference between the two groups of patients (P<0.05).Analysis of ROC,the diagnostic Cut-off value of 39.7pg/ml,the sensibility and specificity of endotoxin for the diagnosis of gram-negative bacteria infection on upper or lower urinary system were 84.1% and 90.3%.Conclusion The levels of urinary endotoxin detected by kinetic turbidimetric technique is simple and efficient,and have significant diagnosis value of gram-negative bacteria infection on upper or lower urinary sys-tem.

Traditional Chinese medicine owns the duality of commodity property and quasi-public goods in the process of production and circulation. According to the duality of traditional Chinese medicine, giving full play to government function is the key to guaranteeing and promoting the quality and security control in the dryness process of traditional Chinese medicine. Government functions mainly focus on improving the quality and security control ability of production operators and stimulating quality and security control motive of producers. This article began with the duality of traditional Chinese medicine, expounded the government functions in the dryness process and quality control of traditional Chinese medicine from macroscopic and micro levels, and proposed the measures of improving dryness process based on government functions.

ObjectiveTo study the clinical effect of locking compression plate fixation in treatment of the elders with unstable fractures of the distal radius. Methods17 cases with unstable distal radius fractures were treated by volar locking compression plate. The function of the carpal joints and the bone healing conditions were evaluated after operations. ResultsAll cases were followed-up for 7 to 16 months ( mean 12. 6 months). Union was obtained in all the patients after 11.4 weeks. The clinical outcomes were evaluated according to modified X-rays and wrist assessment. 12 cases were graded as excellent and 4 as good. 1 case were graded as poor. The overall satisfactory rate was 94. 1％. ConclusionThe unstable distal radial fractures could be effectively treated with open reduction and LCP fixation through volar approach.

BACKGROUND:Different operation approaches can be selected during the repair of thoracolumbar fractures. Traditional posterior median approach wil cause great wound on patients, and easily induces some adverse consequences. OBJECTIVE: To compare the effects and biocompatibility of conventional posterior median approach and paraspinal approach fixation for treatment of thoracolumbar fractures. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed on clinical data of 53 cases of thoracolumbar fracture in the Shaanxi Province Nuclear Industry 215 Hospital from December 2012 to December 2013. They were divided into two groups according to approach method. The control group (n=27) received pedicle screw placement fixation through conventional posterior median approach. The observation group (n=26) underwent pedicle screw placement fixation through paraspinal muscle approach. After repair, they were folowed up for 12 months. Imaging results, pain score and perioperative relevant indexes were observed and compared in both groups. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Imaging examination was conducted before repair, immediately after repair and during final folow-up in both groups. The height of vertebral anterior border and kyphosis correction effect were good after different therapies in both group, but no significant difference was detectable between the two groups (al P > 0.05). These findings suggest that height of vertebral anterior border and kyphosis correction effect were identical between the two groups. Pain visual analog scale score was significantly lower in the observation group than in the control group at 24 hours and 3 days after repair and during final folow-up (al P < 0.05). Perioperative relevant indexes were analyzed in both groups. Intraoperative bleeding amount, drainage and bed time after repair were observed in the observation group, which showed significant advantages as compared with the control group (al P < 0.05). These results confirmed that compared with the traditional posterior median approach surgery, minimaly invasive pedicle screw placement through paraspinal muscle approach for thoracolumbar fractures can obtain better repair effects and biocompatibility.

Objective] To study the determination of telomerase and CEA in differentiating benign and malignant pleural effusions. [Methods] Telomeric repeat amplification ELISA method(TRAP- PCR-ELISA) and enzyme immunoassay(EIA) were measured in 40 patients with malignant pleural effusion and 38 cases of benign pleural effusion telomeres activity and CEA levels. [Results] The telomerase activity in pleural effusions and CEA positive rate in malignant pleural effusion group were 80.0%(32/40) and 85%(34/40), benign pleural effusion group was 7.9%(3/40) and 0%(0/38), malignant pleural effusion of telomerase and CEA-positive rate was significantly higher than benign pleural effusion group, the difference was significant(χ2=40.96,57.26, P<0.001).Determination of telomerase activity in malignant pleural effusion diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of CEA rather, the difference was not statistical y significant(χ2=0.35, P>0.05). Two combined detection of tumor markers in terms of a positive diagnosis of malignant pleural effusion as the standard, the combined detection sensitivity was 97.5%(39/40), significantly higher than the telomerase and CEA single detection sensitivity 80% and 85%, the differences were statistical y significant(χ2=6.13,3.91,P<0.01). [Conclusion] Detection of the TA and CEA in pleural effusion is of a definite value in differentiating benign from malignant pleural effusion, and the detection of TA is more sensitive and specific than detection of CEA. Combining detection of both markers may raise the accuracy of the diagnosis.

Objective To investigate the application of the Doppler echocardiography on the clinical value on the left ventricular myocardial remodel and dysfunction in neonates with hypoxia-induced pulmonary artery hypertension. Methods The Doppler echocardiography (ECHO) datas of 24 neonates of pulmonary diseases with secondary pulmonary artery hypertension were identified by color Doppler echocardiography,and compared with 14 neonates with pulmonary diseases without pulmonary artery hypertension. Results Pulmonary artery systolic pressrure (PASP) (38.23?3.26) mm Hg increased ,the diameter of right ventricular(11.92?2.18)mm vs (7.34?0.93) mm and pulmonary artery(10.20?1.21)mm vs (6.89?0.22) mm and diameter of left ventricular end-diastolic(19.74?0.71)mm vs (14.42?0.32) mm in PAH groups increased significantly ( P 0.05). There was positive correlation between the increased pulmonary artery pressure in pulmonary artery hypertension groups and the AV/EV of the mitral value orifice blood stream ( r=0.4126,P

Objective To establish GC and GC/MS qualitative and quantitative analysis methods for identification of cocaine cases. MethodsChoosed and optimized the best analysis parameters of cocaine by GC/MS and GC. We prepared 0.10, 0.20, 0.40, 0.60, 0.80, 1.00, 1.20mg/ml ethanol solution of cocaine standard which all contained 0.6mg/ml diazepam (internal standard) to study the analyse standard curve and the detection limit of cocaine drugs. ResultsThe linear equation of cocaine by GC/FID was Y=1.055X-0.0021, R2=0.9999; That of GC/NPD was Y=0.556X-0.0016, R2=0.9996; The detection limits of cocaine were 10ng by GC/FID method and 2ng by GC/NPD method. On the other hand, we used GC/FID and GC/NPD methods and internal standard to quantitate the cocaine drugs sized by police respectively, the result of concentration was 72%?2.3%. The quantitative data of both methods had good repeatability. ConclusionThe methods established are useful to examine and identify cases of cocaine.