Objective To summarize the principle and clinical applications of ~(31)phosphorus MR spectroscopy(~(31)p-MRS).Methods Literatures about ~(31)P-MRS in liver were reviewed and analyzed.Results Abnormalities of ~(31)P-MRS were found in patients of hepatitis,liver cirrhosis,liver tumor,obstructive jaundice and patients after liver transplantation.Evaluation of ~(31)P-MRS is important in diagnosis and treatment of many hepatic diseases.(Conclusion As a) non-invasive protocol for analyzing the energetic metabolism and biomedical changes in cellular level of living liver,~(31)P-MRS has a wide clinical application.

Objective To investigate the relationship of magnetic resonance diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) to histology in the patients of chronic viral hepatitis. Methods Thirty-five patients of chronic viral hepatitis who received liver biopsy and 10 healthy volunteers were included in this study. All of them underwent DWI on a 3.0T MRI device. Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) of the liver were measured respectively when b value were set as 100, 400, 600 and 800 s/mm~2. Biopsy specimens were scored for fibrosis and necroinflammation according to the Knodell histology activity index (HAI). Results When b value was set as 800 s/mm~2, statistical difference was showed between the fibrosis group and the non-fibrosis group, statistical difference was also shown among the different degrees of necroinflammation and fibrosis. Conclusion DWI is a valuable method for grading and staging of chronic viral hepatitis.

BACKGROUND:The type B synoviocytes induced by transforming growth factor β1(TGF-β1) have the potential to differentiate into chondrocyte,which can remain the phenotype in vitro. However,whether the transfected cell combined with scaffold can form cartilage tissues need further research. OBJECTIVE:Rabbit type B synoviocytes was transfected by liposome method in vitro,combined the cells with Pluronic-F127,and then implanted into nude mouse to construct tissue engineering cartilage. Additionally,to explore the feasibility of synoviocytes differentiate into chondrocytes.DESIGN,TIME AND SETTING:The randomized animal experiment of cytology observation. The experiment was performed at the Medical Research Center,the Second Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University between April 2007 and May 2008.MATERIALS:Healthy New Zealand white rabbits,aged 3 months,and 12 BALB/c nude mice,aged 4 weeks,weighted 20 g.METHODS:The synovial membrane tissues were taken out from the rabbit knee,isolated by enzyme digestion,and then transfected. The positive cloning was screened by G418,and the expression of TGF-β1 and collagen Ⅱ was detected. The Pluronic-F127 was dissolved at 4℃ and prepared fluid with concentration of 30%. The fluid was mixed with cells. At the same time,there were 2 groups as the control group:chondrocytes with Pluronic-F127,and synoviocytes transfeced by pcDNA3.1(+)and Pluronic-F127. The cell density was 5x1010/L. Each compound (0.2 mL) was injected into the subcutaneous of the nude mouse back. Rats were sacrificed at weeks 4,6 and 8 to harvest samples.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:Cell growth curve;phenotype change of the cells after transfection;histological observation of the tissue in the subcutaneous of the nude mouse back. RESULTS:Cell growth curve demonstrated that the living activity of the transfected cells was temporary decreased,which returned into normal level at days 6,7 after transfection. At day 4 after transfection,TGF β1 were positive expressed,and at day 7,the collagen Ⅱ staining were positive. The compounds in the subcutaneous of the nude mouse back formed immature chondroid tissues at week 4,which turned to mature chondroid tissue at week 8,and the collagen Ⅱ staining were positive.CONCLUSION:The transfected synoviocytes can express the phenotype of chondrocytes in vitro,and form chondrocyte-likecells. The transfected synoviocytes with Pluronic-F127 can form chondroid tissues in nude mice.

Presented herein are the concepts and methodology for the appraisal indicator model of personal performance management in hospitals. Based on studies of mature appraisal indicator models for hospital departments and the particularity in the process of personal performance evaluation, the authors hold that the model of such an appraisal model should comprise an indicators inventory, data warehouse,indicators system, and appraisal database among others. It is also described that the evaluation process is made up of targets identification, indicators selection, weight distribution, performance implementation and data updating, on top of recommendations for building the model.

Objective To investigate the expression and significance of Histidine decarboxylase (HDC) in liver and intestinal tissue for early diagnosis of strangulated intestinal obstruction.Methods Ten male Wistar rats for the control group and 20 ones for the test group which was divided into A,B groups.Group A (n =10) was made by using ligating ileum for 1 h and group B (n =10) was for 3 h.When intestinal ob struction models were built,the changes of pathology in liver and intestine tissue were observed by light microscope.Real time quantitative PCR was used to detect the expression of HDC in liver and intestinal tissue.Results Under light microscopic level,the injury score of intestine in test group was increased in comparison with that in control group.At 3 h after strangulated intestinal obstruction,RT-PCR showed that brightness of HDC band in intestine tissue was significantly higher than the control.Real time quantitative PCR also showed that the expression of HDC in liver tissue in group A and group B increased 1.34 fold(P ＞0.05) and 2.21 fold (P ＜ 0.05) respectively,when compared with the control group.The expression of HDC in intestine tissue in group A and group B increased 1.81 fold(P ＞ 0.05) and 8.02 fold (P ＜ 0.01) respectively,when compared with the control group.Conclusion Expression of HDC can be used for early diagnosis of strangulated intestinal obstruction.

Objective To evaluate the value of medical imaging technology in qualitative and quantitative diagnosis of liver steatosis.Methods To describe the current status and advancements of medical imaging technology such as sonography,CT and MRI in qualitative and quantitative diagnosis of liver steatosis,and to contrast their advantages and shortages.Results Sonography could be used as the primary screening and evaluate measures in qualitative and quantitative diagnosis of liver steatosis,and CT was more reliable in quantitative diagnosis,MRI had significant improving with its high sensitivity and specificity.Conclusion Medical imaging technology has significant clinical value in qualitative and quantitative diagnosis of liver steatosis,especially with the help of functional MR imaging techniques such as spectroscopy and chemical shift Gradient-Echo technic.

Objective To approach rehabilitation nursing measures in using the allogeneic ten-don to re-establish the anterior cruciate ligament of knee through the tibia twin tunnel under arthroscopy.Methods Mental nursing and direct functional exercises was given to 30 patients who received this kind of operation from November,2006 to July,2007,and functional exercises of flection and extention of knee joint by steps,functional exercises of muscle force of quadficeps muscle and back muscle group of legs and the correct using of artificial brace of knee joint.Results Range of joint motion could reach 95°after 2 weeks and 125°after 4 weeks postoperation.Score of joint function(Lysholm)could reach(74.8±5.7)after 6 weeks,(80.0±2.3)after 9 weeks,(91.8±3.4)after 12 weeks, and(94.5±2.2)after 1 year.Conclusion Selective perioperative rehabilitation nursing instruction is the important guarantee of function recovery.

Objective To develop new-type multi-body-position tripod of X-ray appratus for field battle.Methods One screw was added to the bottom of axis stayer of the original tripod for the inversion of fixed bulb so that the bulb could vertically project.Three support feet were porlonged at the same time.Results The X-ray appratus of the new-type multi-body-position tripod could project for patients in satnding or lying position and the range of focus adjustmet was enlarged,which could meet nomal requirements.The new-added crew was firm and its support quality was greatly over the quality of X-ray appratus.Compared with the original one,the barycenter of the appratus was lower,and the hemline length was longer.It remaind portable for the overall quality and length didn't change apparantly.Conclusion The new-type multi-body-position tripod of X-ray appratus for field battle meets the practical field requirments.

Objective To study the correlation between the manifestations of the left subphrenic fat infiltration (LSFI) and the severity of acute pancreatitis (AP) Methods One hundred and forty four cases and 188 cases of AP scored by Ranson′s scoring system and graded by Balthazar′s staging system were retrospectively studied respectively The thickness of the LSFI in each case was respectively and individually observed and measured, and the thickness under 3 mm was graded as 0 of which the sign of LSFI was considered as negative Rank correlation analysis of the thickness of LSFI with Ranson′s scoring and Balthazar′s staging was used respectively Results The incidence of LSFI in Ranson′s rank 1-3 was 30 86%, 54 90%, and 75 00%, respectively, and rank correlation coefficient of LSFI and Ranson′s score was 0 417 9( P

Objective To investigate the CT imaging features of pancreatic fatty replacement and its clinical significance. Methods Three patients with pancreatic fatty replacement detected by CT were retrospectively analyzed. CT examination included plain scan and contrast-enhanced scanning at the arterial and portal venous phases. The shape, size, density, pancreatic lobulation and interlobular spaces, course of the pancreatic duct were carefully observed. The clinic and laboratory data were also analyzed to determine the clinical significance of pancreatic fatty replacement. Results ①Imaging features: Two patients had complete fatty replacement involving the entire pancreas, another one had most fatty replacement sparing the posterior aspect of head and tail. Two patients had regular configuration of pancreas. The size of pancreas was slightly enlarged in 2 patients. Lobular atrophy and widening of interlobular spaces were present in all 3 patients. The pancreatic duct was normal in 3 patients. ②Clinic findings: Chronic diarrhea was present in 3 patients. Two patiens had diabetes (one had chronic cholangitis with choledochal lithiasis), another one had small stone in the common bile duct. Serum lipase was low in 3 patients, of which one had low serum amylase. Conclusion Pancreatic fatty replacement demonstrates certain characteristic CT appearances, and is usually associated with disturbances of both the endocrine and exocrine functions of the pancreas.