Objective: To sammarize the methodology of the treatment of alveolar cleft by autogenous cancellous bone graft obtained with mini incision(ABGM).Methods: 22 cases of alveolar cleft received ABGM by one operator. The cleft area was restored with autogenous cancellous bone from iliac crest by cylinder osteotomes for extraction of bone transplants(COEBT) with mini incision. All the patients were follow up for at least six months postoperatively. The result of the bone grafting was evaluated on the radiographs. Results: ①The overall survival rate of ABGM was 95.8%,and clinical successful rate was 91.7%;②The successful rate of ABGM in group of patients above 18 year old, or with complete cleft palate or bilateral cleft lip and palate was lower than that in other groups.③The wound for extracting autogenous cancellous bone from iliac crest by COEBT with mini incision was smaller than that by osteotomy. Conclusion: ABGM with COEBT is an effective way in the treatment of alveolar cleft. The successful rate of ABGM is related with the age and cleft style of the patients.

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics of the tympanic membrane atelectasis and treatment methods ,and to provide a reference value for future clinical diagnosis and treatment .Methods A retro‐spective analysis of 86 patients(104 ears) with tympanic membrane atelectasis treated in our hospital from June 2011 to August 2013 .Disease severity was classified according to the erasmus classification of atelectasis by Sade ,and pre- and post -operative air -bone gaps (ABG) were compared .Results There was no statistical difference of mastoid gasification on CT scan between mild and sever tympanic membrane atelectasis (P>0 .05) .While the sta‐tistical difference was found in two groups of whether there were soft tissues in middle ear and mastoid cavity on CT scan(P<0 .05) .There was an improvement in the average ABG for all stages .Conclusion This study demonstrated that surgical intervention had a favorable effect on hearing level across all stages .The treatment of atelectatic ears should be taken and individualized .

Objective To elucidate the inhibitory effect of 131I-fulvestrant on the growth of human breast cancer cells and the effect on the important organs.Methods MTT assay was used to clarify the difference in killing effects of the 131I-fulvestranton on MCF-7 cells and MDA-MB-231 cells.Breast cancer MCF-7 cell xenografts in nude mice was establishied,and two different administration methods of the 131I-fulvestrant in the MCF-7 cell to nude mice were given respectively.Organs and tumours of nude mice were observed.Results MTT assay demonstrated that 131I-fulvestrant had similar cytotoxicity against MCF-7 cells and MDA-MB-231 cells,and the former was slightly stronger.Transient contact experiments showed that 131I-fulvestrant could play a tumor suppressor effect on MCF-7 cells continually,but MDA-MB-231 cells wasn't.After the injection of 131I-fulvestrant via caudal vein,the radioactivity concentration on tumor site accounted for (4.33 ± 0.28)％ of the total injection,and the volume of the tumor reduced before gradually increasing again.Radioactivity in the blood accounted for (20.76 ± 2.54)％ of the total injection.Qrgans like liver and kidney also showed radioaction distribution.Its distribution was accorded with the distribution of estrogen receptor.Local injection of 131I-fulvestrant got powerful killing effect on the tumor,and the distribution of the radioaction was mainly confined within the tumor.Conclusion 131I-fulvestrant has a good inhibitory effect on MCF-7 breast cancer cells,which is a superposition of radiotherapy and endocrine therapy,and it is controllable on the general condition and important organs of nude mice.

Objective To introduce the clinical application of the extended anterolateral leg flap,which is based on the superficial peroneal artery and lateral supramalleolar artery. Methods Through anatomic study on the blood supplies of the skin over the anterolateral portion of the leg.The combined superficial peroneal artery and lateral supramalleolar artery could extend the size of the traditional anterolateral leg flap.In addition,the point of pivot of the extended anterolateral leg flap could locate at the level of the lateral malleolus,which decreases the distance between the flap and recipient site.Clinically,we have used the extended anterolateral leg flaps in 60 patients to cover skin defect over the feet.The flap ranged from 16 cm×10 cm(pedicle length 8.0 cm)to 26 cm×7 cm(pedicle length 6.0 cm). Results In the series, the flap survived in 53 patients(88.3%)unevently,and partial necrosis occurred in 7 patients(11.7%).Conclusion Based on the combined superficial peroneal artery and lateral supramalleolar artery,the size of the traditional anterolateral leg flap could be inceased,which enlarges its value on the coverage of skin defects over the feet.

Objective To study the anatomic data of the first metatarsal dorsal artery and to provide anatomical basis for clinical tissue transplantation based on the first metatarsal dorsal artery.Methods The 16 adult cadaver specimens with 32 feet were dissected and meas-ured by vernier caliper.Then the anatomic data of the first metatarsal dorsal artery were analyzed.Results Through the examinations of 32 feet sample,the first metatarsal dorsal artery were classified into 5 types.Type Ⅰ:the first metatarsal dorsal artery runs at the surface of the first dorsal interosseous muscle (13 sides,40.6%).Type Ⅱ:the first metatarsal dorsal artery runs in the interior of the first dorsal interosse-ous muscle (11sides,34.4%).Type Ⅲ:the first metatarsal dorsal artery runs underneath the first dorsal interosseous muscle (6 sides, 18.8%).Type Ⅳ:the first metatarsal dorsal artery is slender (1 side,3.1%).TypeⅤ:the first metatarsal dorsal artery is absent (1 side, 3.1%).Distance relationship was measured between the first metatarsal bone and the first metatarsal dorsal artery:the vertical distance be-tween the origin of the posterior branch of the first metatarsal dorsal artery and base of the first metatarsal bone was (2.4 ±0.3)mm,the ver-tical distance between the origin of the posterior branch of the first metatarsal dorsal artery and head of the first metatarsal bone was (10.1 ±1.0)mm;the vertical distance between the origin of the anterior branch of the first metatarsal dorsal artery and the first metatarso-phalangeal joint was (7.6 ±2.7)mm.Conclusion The first metatarsal dorsal artery has clinical reference significance for the hands and feet’s trauma and skin flap transplantation such as thumb reconstruction.

OBJECTIVETo analyze the biologic principle of orthodontic treatment in patients with skeletal Class III malocclusion and open bite.

METHODSEleven pre-adolescent patients with severe skeletal Class III malocclusion and open bite (age range 7 - 9 years old, mean age 8.3 +/- 0.8) were included. All patients were surgical cases but the patients rejected surgery. The treatment methods used were face mask, rapid maxillary expansion occlusal splint and fixed appliance. Lateral cephalometric films were taken before and after treatment. Cephalometric analysis was performed.

RESULTSAfter the treatment SNA changed from (79.0 +/- 1.2) degrees to (81.9 +/- 0.8) degrees (P < 0.01). And the inclination of lower incisors was decreased from (25.6 +/- 2.1) degrees to (20.1 +/- 1.4) degrees when measured to the NB line (P < 0.01). The direction of the facial growth was maintained.

CONCLUSIONSGood orthodontic results could be achieved in patients with skeletal Class III malocclusion and open bite.

Child ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Malocclusion, Angle Class III ; complications ; therapy ; Open Bite ; complications ; therapy ; Orthodontics, Corrective ; methods

Objective To explore the effects of the extracellular regulated protein kinase’s (ERK1/2) inhibitor PD98059 and ino-sitol triphosphate kinase (PI3K/PKB) signaling pathway’s inhibitor LY294002 on extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition in pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) stimulated by connective tissue growth factor (CTGF). Methods PASMCs of SD rat were cul-tured in vitro. The PASMCs were divided into control group, CTGF group, CP (CTGF+PD98059) group, CL (CTGF+LY294002) group and CPL (CTGF+PD98059+LY294002) group. Real-time lfuorescent quantitative RT-PCR was used to detect the expression of colla-gen III and ifbronectin mRNA of PASMCs, and the expression of collagenШprotein of PASMCs was detected by immunohistochem-istry and western-blot. Results The expressions of collagenШand ifbronectin mRNA of PASMCs stimulated with CTGF (50 ng/ml) for 48 h were signiifcantly higher than those in control group, and the collagen proteinШof PASMCs was decreased signiifcantly after stimulation with CTGF (50 ng/ml) for 72 h (P<0.05). The expressions of collagenШand ifbronectin mRNA in PASMCs cultured with PD98059 (20μmol/L) and/or LY294002 (10μmol/L) for 48 h was signiifcantly lower than those in CTGF group (P<0.05). The collagen proteinШin PASMCs cultured with PD98059 (20μmol/L) and/or LY294002 (10μmol/L) for 72 h was increased (P<0.05). The expres-sions of collagenШand ifbronectin mRNA of PASMCs stimulated with both PD98059 and LY294002 were more signiifcant. Conclu-sions CTGF may increase the expression of collagenШand ifbronectin mRNA in PASMCs, which may contribute to the deposition of ECM in PASMCs during pulmonary vascular remodeling. PD98059 and LY294002 may repress ERK1/2 and PI3K/PKB signaling pathways and interfere with the biological effect of CTGF.

Objective To measure the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α in acral malignant melanoma (MM) tissue and to investigate its relationship with the stem cell factor (SCF)/c-kit pathway.Methods Immunohistochemical staining was performed to measure the expression of HIF-1α in tissue specimens from lesions of 93 patients with acral MM,21 with non-acral MM,39 with acral melanocytic nevi,and from the normal acral skin of 15 healthy human controls.Meanwhile,the expression of c-kit was detected by immunohistochemical staining in the 93 acral MM tissue specimens.Statistical comparisons were carried out by chi-square test and Mann-Whitney U test.The relationship of HIF-1α expression with c-kit expression as well as tumor progression and staging was assessed by Spearman correlation analysis.Results Immunohistochemistry showed that the expression rate of HIF-1α was 87.10％ (81/93) in acral MM specimens,90.48％ (19/21) in non-acral MM specimens,15.38％ (6/39) in acral melanocytic nevus specimens,but 0 (0/15) in the normal acral skin specimens.The expression of HIF-1α was significantly higher in acral MM lesions than in normal acral skin and acral melanocytic nevus lesions (both P ＜ 0.01),and significantly different between acral MM and non-acral MM lesions (P ＜ 0.01).Moreover,HIF-1α expression was positively correlated with Clark level and Breslow depth of melanoma (rs =0.442,0.368,respectively,both P ＜ 0.01),with the progression of acral MM (from in situ to aggressive and metastatic MM) (rs =0.420,P ＜ 0.01),and with the expression of c-kit (rs =0.307,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions HIF-1α is highly expressed in acral MM,positively correlated with the staging,progression and aggression of MM,and co-expressed with c-kit in acral MM tissue,suggesting that both HIF-1α and c-kit take part in the pathogenesis of acral MM.

Objective To study bacteria-blocking effect of surgical gowns with new material.Methods Semi-quantitative and qualitative testing methods were used to detect bacteria-blocking rates of key sites of surgical gowns(chest and forearm), the detected samples included sample A (composite material, unused), sample B (composite material, after washing 100 times), and sample C (monolayer material, unused).Results In semi-quantitative testing,the average bacteria-blocking rates of three samples were 75.47%, 70.78%, and 73.73% respectively.In qualitative testing,three samples could effectively block the penetration of Staphylococcus aureus under wet condition and Bacillus subtilis var.niger spores under dry condition.Conclusion In semi-quantitative testing, all three kinds of samples had bacteria-blocking effect, and the average bacteria-blocking rate was> 70%;in qualitative testing, three samples all meet requirements of bacteria-blocking effect under wet and dry condition.

BACKGROUND: Elimination of antigenic substances from natural extracellular matrix with the integrity of the tissue structure retained renders the matrix to possess better biocompatibility and provides a cell culture environment close to conditions of the internal environment. Such materials are the primary choice for cell culture scaffold in tissue engineering.OBJECTIVE: To prepare human articular cartilage acellular matrix so as to provide a methodological basis for further study of articular cartilage acellular matrix as cell scaffold materials.DESIGN: A single sample study of bone tissues.SETTING: The experiment was performed in Institute of Orthopedics, General Hospital of PLA, between January and May in 2004. The specimens were obtained from patients requiring joint replacement for femoral neck fracture.MATERIAIS: The experiment was conducted in the Department of Orthopedics, General Hospital of PLA from January to May in 2004. Human articular cartilage specimens were obtained from the femoral head of patients with total hip arthroplasty for femoral neck fracture.METHODS: Totally 10 specimens of fresh articular cartilage(3.5 mm × 4. 5 mm × 2.0 mm) were obtained and freeze-dried for 12 hours. Cartilage acellular matrix was prepared using Triton X-100, Dnase and Rnase and identified by means of hematoxylin-eosin(HE) and safranine O staining and immunohistochemical staining for cartilage proteoglycan.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Histological observation of the articular cartilage acellular matrix and immunohistochemical staining of cartilage proteoglycan.RESULTS: HE and safranine O staining both showed no cellular structure in the matrix with only recesses left by the removed cells. Immunohistochemical staining for cartilage proteoglycan yielded positive results, suggesting the presence of cartilage proteoglycan in the acellular matrix.CONCLUSION: Human articular cartilage acellular matrix can be prepared using the modified four-step procedures with detergent and enzymatic extraction with lyophilization, and the preserved cartilage proteoglycan in the material may retain good pressure resistance.