Cerebrovascular diseases often complicated with sleep disorders, they are mainly associated with the lesion sites, and psychiatric and psychological factors. Attentions should be paid to the patients with cerebrovascular diseases complicated with sleep disorders. Actively finding out the cause of the disease, undergoing early treatment, and reducing complica-tions will help to improve the quality of life in patients. This article reviews the causes, clinical features, diagnosis, prevention and treatment of sleep disorders in patients with cerebrovascular diseases.

Objective To discuss the diagnostic value of monochromatic energy image spectral CT in active small bowel bleeding and to screen the optimal energy level that indicates active bleeding of the gastrointestinal tract.Methods The bleeding model was established using the small intestines of pigs in vitro.Seven blood flow rates were simulated:0.500,0.400,0.300,0.200,0.100,0.050,0.025 ml/min,respectively.For each rate,a GE Discovery HD750 CT scanner was used in GSI scan mode and 64 slice CT was performed,with a delay of 15 s and 40 s simulated the arterial phase and portal venous phase,respectively.Each out of the blood flow rate in the 2 modes was respectively scanned 5 times.The GSI reconstruction platform was employed to obtain 7 monochromatic energy images(40,50,60,70,80,90,100 keV).A set of polychromatic energy images was obtained from an ordinary scan.The detection rates of the contrast agent exudation regions using the two scanning methods were compared.The contrast to noise ratios(CNR) for the contrast agent exudation regions were measured.Randomized block analysis of Variance was performed to compare the differences in CNR between energy levels.The x2 test was used to compare the detection rates obtained from the 2 scanning methods.Results The detection rates for energy spectral CT and 64 slice CT in the arterial phase were 31/35 and 23/35,respectively; there was significant difference(x2=5.185,P=0.023).The total detection rates of portal venous phase were 35/35 and 32/35,respectively,there was no significant difference(x2=l.393,P=0.238).On the ordinary scan mode,the detection rates of arterial and portal venous phase difference was statistically significant(x2 =6.873,P =0.009);but on the GSI scan mode,there was no significant difference(x2=2.386,P=0.122). The CNR values at 8 group energy levels for arterial phase and portal venous phase were statistically different(respectively P＜ 0.05),the CNR value of the contrast agent exudation regions at 50 keV and 60 keV monochromatic energy images on the GSI scan mode higher than that of polychromatic energy images,the difference was statistically significant(respectively P＜0.05),the CNR in portal venous phase images were higher than that of arterial at all energy groups,differences were statistically significant(t=-3.996 to-2.380,respectively P＜ 0.05).Conclusions Monochromatic energy image spectral CT demonstrates superiority over polychromatic energy images in detecting active bleeding of the gastrointestinal tract.The optimal monochromatic energy value for detection was between 50 keV and 60 keV,and the detection was easier in the portal venous phase than in the arterial phase.

Objective To explore a simple and effective way of establishing a 30 % small-forsize liver transplantation in rats. Methods SD rats were selected as the donors and recipients. Smallfor-size orthotopic live transplantation was performed using Kamada's two-cuff method. Donor's liver was flushed via abdominal aorta and hepatectomy in situ was done. Animals were divided into 3 groups (40 pairs of rats in each): group Ⅰ , median lobe was used as graft; group Ⅱ, right of median lobe and right lobe were used as graft; group Ⅲ, median and right lobes were used as graft. The body weight of the donor was the same as the recipient in groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ , but 100～ 120 g less than in group Ⅲ. The operating time, 7-day survival and technical complications were compared among these 3 groups. Results The operating time of hepatectomy was shorter in group Ⅲ than in groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ (8. 8±0.7 vs 11.5± 1.1 vs 10.1 ±1.0 min, P＜0.01). The cold ischemia time of graft, the anhepatic time, the operating time of recipient and the transplanting successful rate showed no significant difference among the 3 groups. Compared with groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ , the incidence of bleeding,bile leakage and IVC stricture was significantly decreased in group Ⅲ (P＜0. 05). Other complications after operation showed no significant difference among the 3 groups (P＞0. 05). Group Ⅲ had more 7-days survivors and longer median survival time, but there was no significant difference among the 3groups. Conclusion Small for donor body weight with median and right lobes as graft was a more effective and simple way of establishing a 30 % small-for-size liver transplantation in rats with shorter hepatectomy time and less complications after operation.

Adult ; Female ; Hair Follicle ; pathology ; Humans ; Pilomatrixoma ; Skin Neoplasms

Objective:To detect the expression of microchromosome maintenance protein 4 (MCM4) in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, and to explore the clinical prognosis of MCM4 and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. To explore the possibility of MCM4 as a potential biomarker for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.Methods:The mRNA level of MCM4 in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma and normal tissues adjacent to the cancer was analyzed by bioinformatics methods, and the relationship between its expression and the survival rate of patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma was analyzed. The clinicopathological data of 76 patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma who underwent surgical treatment were retrospectively analyzed. Immunohistochemical method was used to detect the expression level of MCM4 protein in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma tissue and normal tissues adjacent to the cancer, and to analyze its relationship with clinicopathological characteristics of patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.Results:The results of bioinformatics analysis showed that MCM4 mRNA was significantly highly expressed in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma tissue, and was significantly correlated with the overall survival rate and disease-free survival rate of patients (all P<0.05). Immunohistochemical results showed that the expression of MCM4 in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma tissue was significantly higher than that in normal tissues adjacent to the cancer. The high expression of MCM4 in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma tissue was related to tumor size ( P=0.038), but not related to age, gender, and tumor grade (all P>0.05). Conclusions:MCM4 is highly expressed in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma tissues and indicates a poor prognosis, and its expression level is related to the tumor stage of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. MCM4 may serve as a new potential biomarker for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.

Objective To investigate the effect of cyclooxygenase-2(cox-2)on prostaglandin I2(PGI2)/thromboxane A2(TXA2)system in ischemia reperfusion(I/R)injury to small bowel in rat.Methods Forty-eight male SD rats were randomly divided into three groups:control group(n=8),I/R group(n=20)and intervention group(n=20).Small intestine I/R model was established with the animals of I/R group:after anesthesia,rats were split along the middle abdominal incision,the mesenteric artery was then bluntly separated and clipped with a blood vessel forceps at its root for 45 minutes to block the blood flow,then releasing the forceps for reperfusion.Animals of intervention group were lavaged with Nimeshulide 1h before operation,the remaining steps were the same as did in I/R group.The samples of blood and intestinal tissue were collected at 3,6,12 and 24 hours after operation.The content of plasma D-lactate was detected by ultraviolet spectrophotometric method.Radioimmunoassay was used to detect 6-keto-PGF1?(the stable metabolite of PGI2,reflected the level of PGI2)and thromboxane B2(TXB2,stable metabolite of TXA2,reflected the level of TXA2)in serum and tissues of small bowel.The expression of cox-2 mRNA was detected by RT-PCR.Results Compared with the control group,the levels of plasma D-lactate,cox-2,6-keto-PGF1? and TXB2 were significantly increased in I/R group,with more obvious increase of TXB2,and the value of 6-keto-PGF1?/TXB2 decreased significantly(P

Objective To study the expression of cyclooxygenase2 in hepatic inflammatory reaction of rats with sepsis and its effect on metabolism.Methods Fifty-four Wistar rats were randomly divided into 3 groups:Sham(A)group,sepsis model(B)group,and NS398 intervention(C)group.The rats were subjected to cecal ligation and puncture(CLP)for sepsis model or sham operation.RT-PCR was used to determine COX-2 mRNA expression,serum prealbumin(PA)and transferrin(TF)by radioimmunity.At the same time,ALT,AST,albumin determination and liver pathological changes were determined.Results(1)The expression of COX-2 mRNA was low in A group,higher in B and C groups,and higher in B than C group at each time period(P

Objective To explore the relationship of serum leptin,adiponectin concentrations and leptin/adiponectin ratio to carotid intima-media thickness(IMT)in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitius.Methods Serum levels of adiponectin and leptin in 121 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitius were measured by specific monoclonal antibody-based amplified ELISAs;carotid intima-media thickness(IMT)were measured using B-mode ultrasound in 121 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitius.The patients with type 2 diabetes mellitius were subdivided into control groups(IMT

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the improvement effect of Prostatitis capsule on chronic non-bacterial prostatitis(CNP) model rats. METHODS:60 rats were randomly divided into sham operation group (distilled water),model group (distilled wa-ter),Pule'an tablet group(positive control,2 g/kg)and Prostatitis capsule high-dose,medium-dose,low-dose groups(16,8,4 g/kg). Except for sham operation group,other 5 groups were injected Xiaozhiling injection 0.2 mL to reduce CNP model. After 7 d of modeling,they received related medicines,ig,once a day,for 45 d. After 24 h of last administration,prostate lesions were ob-served by eyes and wet quality was weighed. White blood cell(WBC)count and lecithin body(SPL)count were conducted under microscope,and prostate tissue slices were pathologically observed. RESULTS:Compared with sham operation group,prostate showed gray nodules,adhesion in glands and surrounding tissue;wet quality of prostate and WBC,SPL count in prostate tissue were significantly increased(P<0.01);under microscope,there were significant congestion,edema and a variety of inflammatory cell infiltration in prostate interstitial. Compared with model group,gray nodules in prostate in Pule'an tablet group and Prostatitis capsule group were reduced,as well as adhesion degree in prostate and surrounding tissue;wet quality of prostate and WBC,SPL count in prostate tissue were significantly decreased(P<0.01);pathological changes had improved to varying degrees under micro-scope,especially the changes in Prostatitis capsule high-dose group,and prostate tissue only showed mild congestion,edema and little inflammatory cell infiltration. CONCLUSIONS:Prostatitis capsule has a certain improvement effect on CNP model rats.

Objective To study the effects of lentiviral vector of microRNA targeting IGF1R gene on growth of liver cancer cells.Methods The complementary DNA containing both sense and antisense Oligo DNA of the targeting sequence was designed,synthesized and cloned into the pPRIME vector,named pPRIME-IGFIR-miR30-shRNA.The viruses were propagated on 293T cells.Viruses were purified by CsCI gradient according to standard techniques,and functional PFU titers were determined by plaque assay on 293 cells.The effect of pPRIME-IGFIR-miR30-shRNA on IGFIR expression of Hep3B、SMMC7721 cells was detected by RT-PCR and Western blot.The antitumor potential of PRIME-IGFIR-miR30-shRNA to Hep3B、SMMC7721 cells was evaluated by CCK-8 assay and Tunel.Results PRIME-IGFIR-miR30-shRNA was constructed successfully.Functional PFU titers of pPRIME-IGFIR-miR30-shRNA were 4.58?109PFU/ml.PRIME-IGFIR-miR30-shRNA inhibited IGFIR expression and the proliferation of Hep3B、SMMC7721 cells.Conclusions PRIME-IGFIR-miR30-shRNA expressing IGFIR-siRNA can inhibit IGFIR expression and may be used for further investigation of gene therapy of liver cancer.