Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Shoulder Pain ; therapy ; Young Adult

AIM: To investigate the effects of c-fos antisense oligoneuleotide and p21 genetic transfection on the intimal proliferation of venous autografts. METHODS: The external jugule veins were autografted into common carotid arteries in the same side in 20 New Zealand rabbits, which were divided evenly into experimental and control group randomly. The transplanted veins of experimental group were immersed in the adenovirus - mediated p21 gene solution for 15 minutes just before anastomosis and coated with c-fos antisense oligoneucleotide glue gel just after anastomosis, while the control was only treated with empty vector. The transplanted vascular sample were taken at 2 weeks after operation. The intimal thickness (IT), degree of restenosis (DR), expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), quantity of VSMC were determined by immunohischemistry. RESULTS: The IT , DR and expression of PCNA, VSMC were decreased, compared to control group. CONCLUSION: Transfection of c-fos antisense oligoneuleotide and p21 gene inhibits the intimal proliferation of venous antografs. [

PNAS-4 is a novel pro-apoptosis gene identified latetly. In recent years, there has been a large number of research reports on the basic studies about PNAS-4 in cancer gene therapy and gene therapy of PNAS-4 alone or combined with chemotherapy or radiotherapy manifested a good application prospect, but its molecular mechanisms to promote apoptosis is not clear yet. In this paper, recent research about PNAS-4 in cancer gene therapy is briefly reviewed, and recent hypotheses on its molecular mechanisms to promote apoptosis are especially elucidated. Based on its newly identified characteristics of structural domain, we made a point that PNAS-4 might regulate functions of some target protein related to apoptosis by deSumoylation as a new deSumoylating isopeptidase, and consequently promote apoptosis.
Apoptosis ; Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins ; genetics ; Genetic Therapy ; Humans ; Neoplasms ; therapy ; Sumoylation

Neovascularization plays an important role in embyonic development and many diseases. VEGFs and angiopoietins are two known growth factor families that are specific to vascular endothelium. The action of angiopoietins is associated not only with angiogenesis but also with postnatal vasulogenesis. Thus there is a good prospective use for angiopoietins or their antagonists to promote or inhibit angiogenesis in clinical therapy.

Objective To explore whether PI3K/ AKT signaling pathway participates in the inhibiting effect of Ru-tin on H2 O2-induced apoptosis in human lens epithelial cells( HLEC). Methods HLEC were divided into four groups: control group,H2 O2 group,rutin group,LY294002 group. Cell survival rates were determined by a 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay; cell apoptosis rates were monitored by flow cytometry with Annexin V-FITC and propidiun iodide(PI) staining. Western blot was used to measure the expres-sion levels of AKT and p-AKT. Results H2 O2 induced HLEC apoptosis. Compared with H2 O2 group,rutin group not only increased the expression lever of p-AKT,but also reduced cell apoptosis rate(P < 0. 01). In LY294002 group, LY294002, an inhibitor of PI3K/ AKT signaling pathway,could significantly block the change of these inde-xes produced by rutin group(P < 0. 01), but no significant change compared with H2 O2 group. Conclusion Rutin inhibits H2 O2-induced cell apoptosis and may be associated with PI3K/ AKT signaling pathway.

Endocrine Disruptors ; Environmental Exposure ; adverse effects ; Environmental Pollutants ; Humans ; Obesity ; epidemiology

Objective To observe the effects of bulbar subconjunctival and periocular injection of dexamethasonone on blood glucose levels of type 1 diabetic mellitus (T1DM)rats.Methods 80 healthy adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into Group Ⅰ (n-=-40) and Group Ⅱ (n =40).Group Ⅰ rats received intraperitoneal (IP) injection of streptozotocin to induce T1DM model,while Group Ⅱ rats received IP injection of citrate buffer solution and was the control group.Group Ⅰ rats and Group Ⅱ rats were further divided into four subgroups:A (n=10),a (n=10),B (n=10),and b (n=10).Subgroup-A rats received bulbar subconjunctival injection of dexamethasone,subgroup-a rats received bulbar subconjunctival injection of saline,subgroup-B rats received periocular injection of dexamethasone,subgroup-b rats received periocular injection of saline.After the injection,rats were fasted but could drink water.Tail vein blood samples were collected and the blood glucose level was measured by glucose monitor.Results After modeling,the blood glucose level of Group Ⅰ and Group Ⅱ rats was(9.31±1.79) mmol/L and (5.72±0.80) mmol/L respectively,the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05).The blood glucose level of Group Ⅰ rats reached the peak in 3h after injection.In 6-24 h after injection,the blood glucose level of Group Ⅰ A rats was obviously increased than that of the blood glucose level of Group Ⅰa rats and the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05).In 3-24 hours after injection,the blood glucose level of Group Ⅰ B rats was obviously increased than that of the blood glucose level of Group Ⅰ b rats and the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05).Comparing the blood glucose level during different injection time between Group Ⅰ A rats and Group Ⅰ B rats,between Group Ⅰ a rats and Group Ⅰ b rats,the difference was not statistically significant (P＞0.05).In 3-24 hours after injection,the blood glucose level of Group Ⅱ A rats was obviously increased than that of the blood glucose level of Group Ⅱ a rats and the difference was statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05);the blood glucose level of Group Ⅱ B rats was obviously increased than that of the blood glucose level of Group Ⅱb rats and the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05).Comparing the blood glucose level during different injection time between Group Ⅱ A rats and Group Ⅱ B rats,between Group Ⅱ a rats and Group Ⅱ b rats,the difference was not statistically significant (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Bulbar subconjunctival injection and periocular injection of dexamethasone could both increase the blood glucose of TIDM rats,but these two injection methods had no differences on the blood glucose level.

AIM: To analyze single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) of primary open angle glaucoma- and metabolic syndrome-related genes in primary open angle glaucoma (POAG), in order to elucidate the roles of metabolic syndrome as a risk factor in POAG progress.METHODS: SNP genotypes and alleles of interleukin-6 (IL- 6), IL- 6 receptor (IL- 6R), dopamine D2 receptor (DRD2), beta-fibrinogen (FGB), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ2 (PPARG), transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), E-selectin (E-Sel), apolipoprotein A-5 (APOA5), C-reactive protein (CRP), ectonueleotide pyrophosphatase/ phosphodiesterase 1 (ENPP1), hepatic lipase (LIPC), adiponectin (ADIPOQ), paraoxonase 1 (PON1) and serine protease inhibitor E (SERPINE1) genes in POAG (n= 37) and normal control (n=100) groups were measured with ABI Prism 7900HT Fluorescence Quantitative PCR and TaqMan SNP Genotyping fluorescence probe kit.RESULTS: Genotypes and allele frequencies of IL- 6R, IL- 6, FGB, CRP, ENPP1, LIPC, ADIPOQ, PON1, and SERPINE1 in total POAG group were significantly different compared to the control group. CONCLUSION: Metabolic syndrome as a risk factor for POAG may be associated with genotypes and allele frequencies of the related genes.The corresponding gene expression and function can affect POAG progress, including roles of SERPINE1 in extracellular matrix, ENPP1 in insulin inhibition, IL- 6 in endogenous neuroprotection, IL- 6, IL- 6R and E-Sel in autoimmune response, LIPC and FGB in blood hyperviscosity syndrome, ADIPOQ in NOS/NO production, PON1 in vascular endothelial protection.

BACKGROUND: The incidence of deep venous thrombosis of the lower extremity after spinal surgery remains controversial, and its prevention is still under discussion.OBJECTIVE: To summarize the progress of the prevention of the deep venous thrombosis after spinal surgery.METHODS: The domestic and foreign related literature about the deep vein thrombosis after the spinal surgery, which was filtrated from CNKI and PubMed databases, were searched for the articles concerning the prevention of the deep venous thrombosis after spinal surgery published from January 1993 to January 2016.Finally, 41 eligible articles were included, and the prevention methods, risk factors and incidence were summarized.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) With the technology and medical equipment development, more novel technologies and biomaterials are extensively applied in spinal surgery; meanwhile, complex and difficult surgeries,big surgical trauma and prolonged operation time all increase the risk of deep venous thrombosis of the lower extremity;thereafter, the incidence is on a rise. (2) The prevention methods of deep venous thrombosis have been improved, and the grading of prevention becomes more sufficient. (3) During venipuncture and injection, upper extremity should be selected firstly, so as to avoid damage to the lower extremity veins. (4) The following studies should concentrate on understanding the epidemic characteristics of deep venous thrombosis of the lower extremity after spinal surgery, and confirming the best prevention time, as well as effective drugs and physical measurements.

Objective:To investigate procalcitonin and C-reactive protein levels in diarrheal patients who underwent irinotecan che-motherapy. Methods:Procalcitonin and C-reactive protein were detected among 85 diarrheal and 63 non-diarrheal patients after irinote-can chemotherapy. Results:According to WHO classification, patients without diarrhea are classified as grade 0, whereas patients with diarrhea can be classified as gradesⅠ-Ⅳ. In grades 0,Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ, andⅣpatients, the levels of procalcitonin were 0.29 ± 0.17, 0.30 ± 0.18, 0.36 ± 0.20, 1.24 ± 0.22, and 2.15 ± 0.26 ng/mL on the second day, respectively. However, on the fourth day, the procalcitonin lev-els were 0.28 ± 0.15, 0.30 ± 0.14, 0.34 ± 0.18, 2.00 ± 0.22, and 2.40 ± 0.28 ng/mL, respectively. Moreover, in grades 0,Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ, andⅣ, the levels of C-reactive protein were 6.06 ± 1.85, 6.12 ± 1.16, 6.20 ± 1.68, 22.62 ± 4.55, and 31.26 ± 5.23 mg/L on the second day, respectively. On the fourth day, the C-reactive protein levels were 5.80 ± 1.82, 5.94 ± 1.14, 6.15 ± 1.55, 30.52 ± 4.74, and 38.67 ± 5.68 mg/L, respectively. No significant difference was found between the procalcitonin and C-reactive protein levels of stagesⅠandⅡpa-tients (P>0.05), but a significant difference was found between stagesⅠ, andⅡpatients and stagesⅢandⅣpatients (P<0.05). Con-clusion: Monitoring levels of procalcitonin and C-reactive protein may be helpful in the early evaluation of the severity of diarrhea. This process has prognostic effect and can be used to assess whether patients have enterogenous bacterial infection. Monitoring the lev-els of these proteins has certain clinical value and can be used to guide early anti-infection therapy.