OBJECTIVE:To investigate the tissues distribution of monostearin solid lipid nanoparticles(MSLN)and MSLN(PEG-MSLN)that had been modified by PEG2000in vivo of mice and the pharmacokinetics in vivo of rats,and to investigate the influence of PEG2000modification on MSLN tissues distribution and pharmacokinetics.METHODS:MSLN was prepared by a novel solvent diffusion method.The particle diameters and Zeta potentials of MSLN were determined.Tissues distribu?tions and pharmacokinetics of2kinds of MSLN preparations in vivo of rats after vena caudalis administration were determined and the determining results were calculated with rhodamine B as fluorescent marker.RESULTS:2kinds of MSLN preparations showed a similar particle diameter distribution with Zeta potential of MSLN at—20mV.MSLN targeted to liver after vena caudalis intravenous injection and the general circulation of nanoparticles was significantly prolonged to2.2times after modified by PEG2000.CONCLUSION:MSLN can amelioration systemic circulation after modification with PEG2000and which can be used as liver-targeted drug carrier.

With the advance of modern imaging technologies,many examinations,especially for ultrasound,have been used for the screening examination of breast cancers.This article reviewed the character and prospect of ultrasound for breast cancers.

OBJECTIVE:To study the occurrences of adverse drug reactions(ADR)in our hospital for references of rational use of drugs in the clinic.METHODS:A total of 377 ADR cases collected in our hospital during the period 2005～2006 were analyzed statistically in respect of patients' age and sex,drug kinds,clinical manifestations and route of administration etc.RE-SULTS:Of the total 377 ADR cases,the number of drug kinds involved totaled 118,with antiinfective drugs taking the lead,accounting for 46.61%(55 kinds),283 cases were given intravenously.Lesions of skin and the appendants were the chief ADR types(49.87%);there were 17 severe cases.CONCLUSION:Great importance should be attached to ADR monitoring in the clinic.

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of the postpone in skeletal muscle aging process of D-galactose rats by weight training and soy polypeptide supplement in 6 weeks, and discuss the initial mechanism.

METHODSixty male SD rats (three month old)were randomly assigned: 6 week control (C6,) and 6 week model (M6) 6 for each group, 12 week model (M12), big load (B12), small load (S12), peptide (P12), peptide + big load (PB12) and peptide + small load group (PS12) 8 for each group, eight fourteen month rats were taken in the natural aging group. The rats were killed by the end of 6th week and 12th week, tested the indicators.

RESULTCompare with group C6, the indicators in group M6 showed aging in different levels; Compare with group M12, weight training or soy polypeptide supplement in all intervention groups could increase the content of skeletal muscle superoxide dismutase (SOD), SOD/MDA, the serum growth hormone(GH), insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-I)and skeletal muscle IGF-I mRNA, decreased the malondialdehyde (MDA) content of skeletal muscle, and they had notable interaction.

CONCLUSIONRat skeletal muscle aging model can be copied successfully by D-galactose hypodermic, and go on with 6-week weight training or soy polypeptide supplement, they can postpone the skeletal muscle aging process of D-galactose rats, and the two interference way united can have more obvious effect. Its preliminary mechanism may be related to the reduction of skeletal muscle oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation, the correction of hormones and related factors metabolic disorders, the elevation of skeletal muscle IGF-I mRNA expression and so on.

Aging ; physiology ; Animals ; Galactose ; Growth Hormone ; blood ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I ; metabolism ; Male ; Malondialdehyde ; metabolism ; Muscle, Skeletal ; drug effects ; physiology ; Physical Conditioning, Animal ; physiology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Soybean Proteins ; pharmacology ; Soybeans ; chemistry ; Superoxide Dismutase ; metabolism

A cluster sampling method was used to select 5 Huaihai communities of Shanghai.All individuals were aged ≥60 years.Visual acuity without correction and presenting acuity with their habitual distance correction were measured separately for each eye.The prevalence of blindness and low vision was 0.49％ and 1.65％ respectively.The leading causes of blindness in a descending sequence included macular degeneration,cataract and retinal vascular disease.

A 54-year-old woman presented with a five-year history of malaise with weight loss and arthralgia of both knee joints. Six months prior to the presentation, an indurated nodule developed at the site of an old scar on the temporal side of left eyebrow. Subsequently, erythema and nodules spread over the trunk and extremities, especially at the sites of old scars on the hands. Physical examination showed bilateral axillary lymphadenectasis, a plaque at the site of an old scar on the temporal side of left eyebrow, a subcutaneous mass at the extensor aspect of the right upper arm, multiple dark-erythematous nodules at the site of scars on the left hand and both soles, few small erythematous papules scattered on the left forearm and trunk. The serum angiotensin converting enzyme concentration was high (82 kU/L). Computer tomography of thorax showed multiple obscure tubercles in both lungs and swollen lymph nodes in mediastina and axillary fossa, but no hilum pulmonis lymphadenectasis was observed. Histopathology revealed non-caseating granulomas with multinucleated giant cells. Neither acid-fast bacilli nor PAS staining was positive. A diagnosis of scar sarcoidosis was established. The lesions obviously improved after one-month treatment with oral methylprednisolone. This case represents a rare subtype of sarcoidosis that arose in old sears and clinically manifests as scar, nodules,plaques, subcutaneous masses and papules. The reactivation of old scars, which manifests as erythematous swelling and nodules, may highly suggest the diagnosis of sarcoidosis.

Delphian lymph node is a part of Ⅵlymph node.According to the latest research ,the metasta-sis rate in papillary thyroid carcinoma ( PTC) is up to nearly 20%.Meanwhile ,the Ⅵlymph node is usually con-sidered as the sentinel lymph node of PTC metastasis .Most scholars believe that .Delphian lymph nodes may have certain clinical significance in the development process of PTC .This article aims to summarize the research pro-gress in clinical relations between the Delphian node and papillary thyroid carcinoma .

ObjectiveTo observe the effect of different needle-retaining lengths on the clinical efficacy of acupuncture in treating post-stroke shoulder pain.MethodSixty patients were randomized into a 30 min group and a 60 min group, 30 cases in each group. The same acupuncture treatment protocol was adopted in the two groups, and the acupuncture treatment was given once a day, 5 sessions a week, for 20 times in total. The Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), shoulder pain frequency, and Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA) were observed before treatment and after 4-week treatment.ResultThe scores of each index were significantly improved in both groups after treatment (P<0.01), and there were significant differences in comparing each index score between the two groups after treatment (P<0.05,P<0.01).ConclusionIn the treatment of post-stroke shoulder pain with acupuncture, 30 min needle-retaining is better than 60 min in comparing the analgesic effect.

Objective To compare the outcomes between radiofrequency modification and augmentation reconstruction in the treatment for partial anterior cruciate ligament( ACL) tears. Methods Fifty?four patients with partial ACL tears were divided into radiofrequency modification group( n=16) and augmentation reconstruc?tion group( n=38) according to different treatment methods. Minimum follow?up was 2 years. Patients were eval?uated just after the injury and at the latest follow?up with several parameters, including the international knee documentation committee( IKDC) score,Lysholm knee score,Tegner activity rating,range of motion ( ROM) and the kneelax arthrometer. Results The kneelax was (4. 4±0. 9) mm of preoperative, (5. 0±1. 5) mm of post?operative in radiofrequency modification group,the difference was no signifiacnt( t=1. 372,P=0. 183);in aug?mentation reconstruction group was (4. 7±0. 8) mm and (1. 7±1. 0) mm respectively,the knee stability was in?crease significantly postoperative;knee stability was significantly improved in the augmentation reconstruction group compared with the radiofrequency modification group( t=9. 228,P=0. 000) . In radiofrequency modifica?tion group,ROM,Lysholm score and Tegner score were improved significantly between the results pre?and post?operatively((105. 4±22. 5)° vs. (123. 5±11. 4)°,t=59. 189,P=0. 000;65(51,90)) points vs. 86(59,100) points,Z=3. 852,P=0. 000;3(1,5) points vs. 6(1,9) points,Z=4. 637,P=0. 000). In augmentation recon? struction group, ROM,Lysholm score and Tegner score were improved significantly between the results pre?and post?operatively((99. 4±21. 9)° vs. (125. 3±10. 9)°,t=6. 527,P=0. 000;(65(51,89) points vs. (85 (59, 100) points,Z=4. 427,P=0. 000;3(1,5) points vs. 6(1,9) points,Z=3. 961,P=0. 000). Conclusion Augmentation reconstruction technique is more beneficial to the knee stability than radiofrequency modification in the treatment for the partial ACL tears.

BACKGROUND:Gold nanorods have unique optical properties, good histocompatibility, easily control ed surface modification, which have a broad application prospect in the field of biology and medicine. OBJECTIVE:To summarize the optical and thermal properties of gold nanoparticles, and to review the mechanism and research advances of gold nanoparticles, especial y gold nanorods in tumor sensitize radiotherapy. METHODS:A computer-based search of PubMed and CNKI databases was undertaken with the keywords of“gold nanoparticles, radiotherapy sensitivity”in English and Chinese, respectively. The included articles were related to nanoparticles used in vitro and in vivo for clinic study as wel as gold nanoparticles-related tumor sensitize radiotherapy. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Gold nanoparticles exhibit unique properties of surface plasmon resonance properties. Compared with the traditional spherical gold nanoparticles, gold nanorods are capsule-like gold nanoparticles containing two absorption peaks that are a transverse surface plasmon resonance absorption peak and a longitudinal surface plasmon resonance absorption peak corresponding to the dimensional characteristics of their horizontal axis and vertical axis, respectively. By regulation of the ratio of horizontal axis and vertical axis, we can realize the manipulation of the longitudinal surface plasmon resonance absorption peak location. Thus, the longitudinal surface plasmon resonance absorption peak can be changed from visible region to the near-infrared region which is the most ideal optical transmission through for al of biological tissues. As a kind of novel radiotherapy sensitization agent, gold nanorods have the properties of low toxicity, high efficiency, high yield. Its sensitization effect is not only related to the exposure dose, own concentration and size, surface modified compounds, but also related to the types of radiation and celllines. However, for radiotherapy sensitization of gold nanorods how to avoid the limits of radioactive ray species, choose appropriate trim and maximize the use of gold nanorods stil need a further research.