As natural components of the environment,air and water,geomagnetic field plays an important role,which is closely related to growth and evolution for living organisms. Being off earth magnetic field,biological effects would be fetched out. Settled in the Moon and long-term interplanetary space flight,human being and other biological objects would experience extremely low magnetic fields. In addition,weaker magnetic fields exist in some artificial environment,such as artificial magnetic shielding experimental room,submarine etc. Since 1970s,biological effects of hypomagnetic environment and zero-magnetic environment have continuously studied. This paper will briefly review the research progress about biological effects of hypomagnetic environment..

Objective To explore the molecular and cellular mechanism of Zaohuang Capsule No.3 (ZHC3) in treating chronic renal failure through observing the effect of ZHC3 on the human glomerular mesangial cells (GMC). Methods The proliferation of human GMC fostered in ZHC3 was detected by MTT, and the fibronectin (FN), interleukin 6 (IL-6) and transforming growth factor ?1 (TGF-?1) secretion was detected by ELISA. Results ZHC3 significantly inhibited GMC proliferation (P

Objective To observe the therapeutic effect of Jingganquzhi decoction(JQ,净肝祛脂汤) in treating non-alcoholic fatty liver.Methods Eighty patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver were randomly divided into treatment group to receive JQ and control group to receive Dongbaogantai(DG,东宝肝泰) orally for 3 months.The changes of liver function,blood lipids,B ultrasonic examination were observed.Results After the treatment,the liver function criteria: alanine aminotransferase(ALT),aspartate aminotransferase(AST),alkaline phosphatase(ALP),?-glutamyltransferase(?-GGT) and blood lipids of triglycerides(TG),total cholesterol(TC) were lower than those before the treatment,while the high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C) was higher than that before the treatment in both groups(all P

Objective To investigate the role of miR-126 (micro RNA-126) in rat endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) proliferation and migration and the starget gene of miR-126 by bioinformatics and experimental survey.Method EPCs were transfected with control oligoes and miR-126 mimics or inhibitor by electroporation.MTT was performed to evaluate the growth of EPCs subjecting to miR-126 overexpression.Cell migration analysis was done by wound healing and transwell assay.The target genes of miR-126 were predicted by TargetScan and validated by Western blot.Result (1) miR-126 mimics promoted EPCs growth at 24 h post cell transfection (P ＜ 0.01).In contrast,the EPCs growth was immue from miR-126 application at 48 and 72 h.(2) Both the wound healing and transwell assay show that miR-126 promotes EPCs migration (P ＜ 0.01) and miR-126 inhibitor inhibits EPCs migration (P ＜ 0.01).(3)It is predicted that KANK2 is the potential target gene of miR-126 by TargetScan online software.(4) The results of Western blot indicated that miR-126 mimics repress the expression of KANK2 compared with NC but miR-126 inhibitor enhances KANK2 expression.Conclusions miR-126 has a transient effect on the promotion of EPCc growth.miR-126 promotes EPCs migration and targets KANK2 protein.

BACKGROUND:Scholars have studied the three-dimensional finite element models of tibial plateau fractures with different fixation methods, but the research on three-dimensional finite element model of tibial plateau fracture fixation was not much. OBJECTIVE:To analyze the biomechanical characteristics of external fixator for tibial plateau fracture by using the three-dimensional finite element method. METHODS:The tibial plateau fracture models treated with locking plate fixation and external fixator were established. Three-dimensional finite element analysis was used to analyze the stress distribution and displacement of two kinds of models. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1) The average displacement value and the maximum displacement value of tibial plateau fracture external fixator model group were smal er than that of tibial plateau fracture locking plate fixation model group, but no significant difference was found (P>0.05). (2) X axial displacement value and Y axial displacement value were smal er in the tibial plateau fracture external fixator model group than in the tibial plateau fracture locking plate fixation model group, but no significant difference was found (P>0.05). (3) The stress of tibial plateau fracture locking plate fixation model focused on the junction of the screw and bone tissue as wel as the junction of plates and screws. The maximum stress value of tibial plateau fracture locking plate fixation model (173 MPa) was greater than that of tibial plateau fracture external fixator model (86 MPa). The stress of tibial plateau fracture external fixator model was scattered. Obvious stress concentration did not occur. The stress at the junction of the clamp and the nail and the junction of the connecting rod and screw was higher than that at other regions, and was a weak link in the clinical mechanics. (4) Results showed that external fixation for tibial plateau fractures had better stability and fixing strength as compared with the internal fixation.

Objective To summarize the experience of the trans-unilateral nasal and sphenoidal approach to pituitary denomas.Methods 20 cases of pituitary adenomas were removed by the trans-unilateral nasal and sphenoid approach under operating microscope,of which there were 2 microadenoma patients,16 macroadenoma patients;2 giant pituitary adenoma patients.Results Of all the 20 patients,12 had total resection of tumor;4 had subtotal resection of tumor and 4 had part resection of tumor.All cases showed improvement.After the operation,3 had diabetes insipidus and 2 had CSF rhinorrhea,which had been cured by the time they left the hospital.Conclusion this method is minimally invasive with short operative distance,time and fewer complications.

BACKGROUND: A better understanding of medical students' attitude towards living liver donation in China would be of importance significance in the development of organ transplantation. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the medical students' attitude toward living liver donation in China and to analyze the factors that affect such an attitude.METHODS: A random sample of 250 medical students was taken and stratified by grades with 50 students in each grade. The attitude was evaluated by a modified psychosocial questionnaire from Spain. The questionnaire was completed anonymously and was self-administered. A bivariate analysis including the Student's t test and the Chi-square test was performed using SPSS software. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The questionnaire completion rate was 97.2% (n=243) for the medical students. Among the respondents, only 13.2% (n=32) of them were in favor of unrelated living liver donation. Another 66.3% (n=161) were only in favor if the donation was for a relative. Of the rest, 6.6% (n=16) did not agree with living liver donation, and the remaining 14.0% (n=34) were undecided. The factors related to this attitude were the decision of donating the organs of a family member (P=0.002), attitude toward deceased donation (P=0.000), a willingness to receive a donated living liver organ if one were needed (P=0.000), attitude toward living kidney donation (P=0.000). The medical students have a favorable attitude toward living liver donation in China. The students' attitude toward other types of organ donation and the willingness to accept living donated liver influence their attitude toward living liver donation. There is a great lack of education about the organ donation and transplantation for the medical students in China and more education programs should be incorporated into their traditional curriculum.

Objective To evaluate the risk assessment model of Cryptosporidium laboratory,so as to provide the basis for laboratory personnel engaging in the operation of Cryptosporidium. Methods Firstly,the risk factors of Cryptosporidium infec?tion in laboratory were determined by the literature and Delphi,and then the weights of risk factors were determined by fuzzy an?alytic hierarchy process. A risk assessment model for laboratory biosafety of Cryptosporidium was established. Results Com?pared to the indexes,based on the risk assessment model,stool sample processing was the two steps in the laboratory with high risk of infection and high risk factors,with the combination weights of risk possibility and hazard rating were 0.111 and 0.107, respectively. Conclusion The risk assessment model established is feasible. It can be used to make some suggestions for the re?lated laboratory staff.

BACKGROUND:Exendin can regulate blood glucose, blood lipid and blood pressure, exert anti-inflammation and anti-oxidative stress effects, improve myocardial infarction and heart failure, and protect heart vessels. However, the effect on the apoptosis of cardiac muscle cels after ischemia/reperfusion injury remains unclear. OBJECTIVE:To observe the effects of Exendin-4 pretreatment on the cardiomyocyte apoptosis and the expression of Bcl-2 and Bax in rats with myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury. METHODS:The myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury model was established in rats and then received Exendin-4 pretreatment. Ischemia/reperfusion group and sham operation group were set. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Immunohistochemical staining, TUNEL and reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction results showed that Bcl-2 protein and mRNA expression levels in the Exendin-4 group were significantly increased (P < 0.05), while Bax protein and mRNA expression levels were significantly decreased compared with ischemia/reperfusion group (P < 0.05). In addition, apoptosis index was more significantly decreased in the Exendin-4 group than in the ischemia/reperfusion group (P < 0.05). Exendin-4 can protect rat heart muscle against ischemia/reperfusion injury and effectively inhibit the apoptosis of cardiomyocytes, and the underlying mechanism is mediated by up-regulating Bcl-2 expression and down-regulating Bax expression.

Objectives To prepare arbutin phospholipid complex (APC) to improve the skin permeability of arbutin and discuss the formation mechanism of APC. Methods Solvent evaporation method was used to prepare APC. The formation of APC was confirmed by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray diffraction (XRD), infrared spectroscopy (IR), 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). The solubility, skin permeability and the ability to inhibit tyrosinase of APC were evaluated. Results The analysis showed that the weak interaction between phospholipid and arbutin molecules formed APC. The solubility of arbutin in APC in n-octanol increased from 1.29 µg/mL to 9.54 µg/mL, and the formation of APC effectively increased the lipophilicity of arbutinn. In vitro release study demonstrated that APC exhibited sustained release behavior. Ex vitro penetration studies showed that arbutin was difficult to reach the subcutaneous tissue through the skin, but APC showed strong penetration ability, of which permeation flux was improved from 0.02 mg/cm2 to 0.42 mg/cm2. Enzyme inhibitory activity test showed that the inhibition of APC on tyrosinase activity was 1.85 times of arbutin. Conclusions The formation of the complex improved the bioavailability of arbutin, and the complex held higher application potential for medicinal and cosmetic.