Objective: To optimize the extraction process for Huazhuoqingshen Capsules (Radix Polygoni Multiflori, Radix et Rhizoma Rhei, Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae, etc.) Methods: The process was studied by orthogonal design with yield of extract, the content of hesperidin and emodin as the detective markers. Results: The optimum process was that 60% alcohol was used as extracting solution, adding 8 times amount of solution, extracting 3 times (1h each time.) Conclusion: The content of valid was high and its stability was good when the extraction was used. This extraction process was suitable for industrial production.

Abstract： Objective　To analyze the changes of cytokine levels in patients with sensitive pulmonary tuberculosis and drug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis before and after anti-tuberculosis treatment. Methods　The clinical data of 213 pulmonary tuberculosis patients admitted to the Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from August 2019 to October 2020 were collected, and divided into a sensitive pulmonary tuberculosis group and a drug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis group, of which 141 were in the sensitive group and 72 in the drug-resistant group , and the pro-inflammatory factors tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), IL-6, IL-17, interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and anti-inflammatory factors IL-10 and IL-4 in plasma before treatment, 3 months and 6 months after treatment were compared. Results　Compared with the healthy group, the levels of plasma IL-6 in the sensitive group and the resistant group were significantly increased, difference was statistically significant (P<0.01). The plasma levels of IFN-γ and IL-17 in the sensitive group were increased, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Compared with before treatment, the levels of IL-6 and IL-4 in the plasma of the sensitive group after 6 months of treatment were lower than those after 3 months of treatment, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05), and IFN-γ was significantly decreased (P<0.001). After 6 months of treatment, the IL-10 content was lower than that before treatment, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05), and the IFN-γ decreased significantly (P<0.000 1). The levels of IFN-γ at 3 months were higher than those in the resistant group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.01). After 6 months of treatment, there was no significant difference in the content of IFN-γ between the sensitive group and the resistant group. The effective rate of CT absorption was 70% in the sensitive group and only 43.33% in the resistant group at 3 months of treatment, and there was no significant difference in the effective rate between the two groups after 6 months of treatment. Conclusions　Detection of pro-inflammatory cytokines and anti-inflammatory cytokines in plasma can provide reference for host-directed therapy of pulmonary tuberculosis. Understanding this important feature of cytokines on pathogen-host interactions can provide new insights into the study of virulence mechanisms and may provide new approaches for immune intervention in pulmonary tuberculosis.

Objective To observe the anesthesia effect of dezocine and pentazocine in painless artificial abortion, in order to provide a basis for safe use of anesthesia drug in clinical practice. Methods Totally,300 patients undergoing painless artificial abortion were included in this study.The patients were randomly divided into four groups: group A (simple propofo), group B ( propofol combined with fentanyl) ,group C ( propofol combined with dezocine) and group D ( propofol combined with pentazocine)(n=75 each).Four groups of patients were intravenously injected with propofol (1-1.5 mg?kg-1) according to the situation in operation when necessary to maintain anesthesia effect.Heart rate (HR),mean arterial pressure (MAP),arterial oxygen saturation ( SpO2 ) and respiratory frequency were observed and recorded before induction,after induction,at the beginning of the operation,during operation and anesthesia recovery. The onset time of anesthesia, the recovery time, the recovery time of orientation,the postoperative pain score and the incidence of adverse reaction of the four groups were recorded. Results All of the patients achieved good effects of anesthesia in operations. There was no significant difference in the onset time of anesthesia (P>0.05).Awakening time and time of orientation recovery in groups B,C and D were significantly shorter than those in group A (P<0.05).The dosages of propofol in group C and D were significantly less than those in group A and B (P<0.05).The changes of HR,MAP,SpO2 and respiratory frequency after induction were not significantly different in group B,C and D (P>0.05),but the changes were relatively stable as compared with group A (P<0.05).The rates of adverse reactions in group B,C and D were significantly lower than that in group A (P<0.05).The incidence rates of respiratory depression,nausea and vomiting in group C and D were significantly lower than those in group A and B (P<0.05).The postoperative pain scores of VAS in group B,C and D were significantly lower than that of group A (P<0.05). Conclusion The analgesia effects of dezocine and pentazocine are similar.Application of them can reduce the dosage of propofol and shorten the anesthesia awakening time in painless artificial abortion,at the same time they have less adverse reactions,and they are safe and effective to be used in clinical anesthesia.

Objective To investigate the expression of extracellular signal regulated kinase(ERK) in human gastric cancer and evaluate the relationship between ERKs protein level and clinicopathological parameters. Method Western blot was used to measure the activity and expression of ERK 1 and ERK 2 proteins and immunohistochemistry was used for localization in 42 gastric cancer patients.Results ERK 1 and ERK 2 protein levels increased in gastric cancer tissues in comparison to normal tissues ( P 0 05). Expression of ERK 1 and ERK 2 showed a positive linear correlation (r=0 550, P

Adolescent ; Adult ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; therapeutic use ; Cytarabine ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute ; drug therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Treatment Outcome ; Vidarabine ; analogs & derivatives ; therapeutic use ; Young Adult

Hepaticbililary surgery interventional therapy is a technique which applied to hepaticbilliary diseases for diagnosis and treatment presently.With the development and widespread of interventional therapy technology,there are increasing demands for interventional doctors.But the interventional therapy with invasive and radioactive makes itself impossible for interns to have much chance of actual practice,which becomes the "bottleneck"of the technology development of teaching.Computer-assisted instruction has become an important approach in medical education.It is possible that multimedia courseware can break through the "bottleneck".So we decide to design and make a kind of multimedia courseware adapted to hepaticbililary surgery intentional therapy to improve quality and efficiency of teaching

Objective To investigate the change and clinical significance of serum procalcitonin (PCT) level in patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP).Methods One hundred and forty-five CAP patients were enrolled.Serum PCT level was measured by immunofluorescent antibody staining method.CURB-65 score and pneumonia severity index (PSI) score were used to evaluate the severity of the patients with CAP.Correlations between PCT and blood white blood cell (WBC) count,serum C-reactive protein (CRP),PSI score,CURB-65 score,hospitalization duration and mortality were analyzed with Pearson correlation analysis,Logistic regression analysis and so on.Results Serum PCT in patients with CAP showed positively correlated with CURB-65 score and PSI score (r =0.606,0.943,P＜ 0.01 ),and serum PCT was also positively correlated with age,serum CRP and hospitalization duration (r =0.753,0.233,0.281,P ＜0.01),but it wasn't correlated with blood WBC count (r =0.152,P ＞0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that each increment of 1 μ g/L for serum PCT would increase 2.828-fold for the risk of death in CAP patients.Conclusions Serum PCT predicts the sensitivity and specificity of CAP with a similar prognostic accuracy with CURB-65 score and PSI score.Serum PCT in patients with CAP correlates with hospitalization duration and mortality.Therefore,it is a promising prognostic marker to evaluate the severity and outcome of CAP.It may serve as a useful marker for clinicians to evaluate the severity and prognosis of CAP.

Objective To evaluate the role of δ receptor in reduction of hypoxia-reoxygenation (H/R) injury to cardiomyocytes by morphine preconditioning in rats with chronic heart failure.Methods Adult male Sprauge-Dawley rats weighing 220-250 g were used in the study.Chronic heart failure was induced by injection of adriamycin 2 mg/kg via the tail vein once a week for 6 weeks.Their hearts were removed 2 weeks after the last injection and the cardiomyocytes were isolated and cultured.The cells were randomly divided into 5 groups ( n =8 each):control group (group C); H/R group; morphine preconditioning group (group MPC); morphine preconditioning + naloxone (opioid receptor antagonist ) group (group MPC + Naloxone) ; morphine preconditioning + naltrindole ( δ receptor antagonist) group ( MPC + Naltrindole group).The cells were cultured in normal culture atmosphere in group C and were exposed in hypoxic air for 3 h followed by 1 h reoxygenation in the other groups.Morphine preconditioning was performed immediately before hypoxia in group MPC.Naloxone and naltrindole were added before morphine preconditioning in groups MPC + Naloxone and MPC + Natrindole respectively.At 1 h of reoxygenation,the cell viability ( by MTT assay),activities of lactate dehydrogenase ( LDH ) and creatine kinase (CK),and cell apoptosis were detected.The apoptotic rate was calculated.Results The cell viability was significantly lower,and the activities of LDH and CK and apoptotic rate were significantly higher in groups H/R,MPC + Naloxone and MPC + Natrindole than in group C (P ＜ 0.05).The cell viability was significantly higher,and the activities of LDH and CK and apoptotic rate were significantly lower in group MPC than in group H/R ( P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Morphine preconditioning reduces H/R injury to cardiomyocytes through activating δ receptor in rats with chronic heart failure.

Objective To explore the mechanism and therapeutic effects of wet dressing with 50％ magnesium sulfate ( MgSO4 ) as a part of comprehensive treatment for wound resulted from pit viper bites in children.Methods A total of 61 children with pit-viper-bitten wound enrolled from May 2009 through May 2011 were divided into two groups,namely the comprehensive treatment group (n =31 cases) and the conventional treatment group (n =30 eases). In the comprehensive treatment group,50％ magnesium sulfate wet dressing applied to the swelling parts of body in the early stage in addition to the conventional treatment and topically bandaged once a day keeping wet with spraying saline on the top of dressing.Before the treatment and on the 1st day,the 3rd day and the 5th day of treatment,the values of myocardial enzyme and the circumference of swelling parts were recorded,and the differences were analyzed by t- test.The differences in rate of wound healing in one week between two groups were analyzed by chi-square test.Results Before the treatment,there was no statistical difference in clinical features between the two groups with different modes of treatment for the viper-bitten children (P ＞ 0.05 ). During comprehensive treatment,the values of myocardial enzyme and the circumference of swelling parts decreased more markedly than those in conventional treatment group ( P ＜ 0.05 ).The rates of wound healing in one week of two groups were 80.5％ and 56.6％ respectively.Conclusions The comprehensive treatment with adjuvant of 50％ MgSO4 for the viper-bitten children can effectively reduce the tissue damage caused by venom,and the swelling as well,restoring function of body and shortening the time for wound healing and preventing complications.

Objective To evaluate the effects of celecoxib on tumor growth and cell apoptosis in human triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) xenografts in nude mice.Methods Human TNBC MDA-MB-231 cells were inoculated subcutaneously into BALB/c nude mice.The mice (n=32) were then randomly divided into 4 groups,the control group and the celecoxib group (receiving 25,50,100 mg·kg-1·d-1 respectively).At the end of the study,tumor tissues were collected and tumor volume was measured.Cell apoptosis was determined by flow cytometry (FCM) analysis.NF-κB p65 and pS0 protein levels were measured by immunohistochemistry.Caspase-3 and survivin protein levels were detected by western blotting.Results celecoxib at dose of 25,50 and 100 mg·kg-1·d-1 inhibited the tumor growth significantly,compared with the control group.FCM results showed that apoptotic rates were (13.58±3.16) ％ and (21.91±4.75) ％ in moderate and high dose of celecoxib-treated group,compared with (3.15±1.73) ％ in control group (t =6.736,P ＜ 0.05;t =12.151,P ＜ 0.05).p65 expressions were 79.3 ％,46.7 ％ and 23.9 ％ in low,moderate and high dose of celecoxib-treated group,compared with 89.7 ％ in control group (x2 =3.312,P ＜ 0.05; x2 =10.785,P ＜ 0.05;x2 =15.900,P ＜ 0.05).Besides,western blotting analysis demonstrated that celecoxib significantly downregulated survivin expression,while upregulated the active form of caspase-3 expression.Conclusion Celecoxib could suppress TNBC tumor growth and induce cell apoptosis,which might be partially associated with inactivation of p65 and downregulation of survivin.