Adolescent ; Adult ; Cholestasis ; drug therapy ; etiology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Hepatitis, Viral, Human ; complications ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Phytotherapy

Objective:The aim of the present study was to determine the relation between coronary atherosclerosis and periarteries atherosclerosis by ultrasound measured as carotid and femoral artery structure and function and coronary angiograpgy. Methods: Subjects(75 cases) were divided into two groups according to coronary lesion and non-coronary lesion.Relation between coronary atherosclerosis lesion and multiple factors was found by analysis of clinical statues,laboratory test and sonograhpy. Results: Intima-media thickness in common carotid and femoral arteries,carotid plaques and invert peak and whole time on invert peak in femoral arteries were significantly higher in coronary lesion group than those in non-coronary lesion group(P

Objective To know the state of working satisfactory in appointment nurses, and then carry out certain countermeasures to promote their working satisfactory. Methods Investigated 137 ap-pointment nurses by serf-designed quesstionnair and JDI from five aspocts, to know their working satisfacto-ry and analyzed the resluts. Results The total points of working satisfactory in appointment nurses was 1882, which indicated that the level of working satisfactory was in a low state, the order of average points of working satisfactory in appointment nurses from low to more was promote, incomes, nursing cares, nursing management and yokemate. There were different working satisfactory in appointment nurses with different marital status, different working age, different operating post. Conclusions Effective nursing manage-ment, logical re, yard system and offer scope for nurses ability can promote their working satisfactory, and then ensure the stability of appointment nurses.

Objective To evaluate the therapeutic effect of total mesorectal excision in radical operation of rectal carcinoma.Methods From 1997 to 2007,126 consecutive patients with middle and inferior rectal carcinoma underwent surgical operation according to the principle of total mesorectal excision.Results Two patients(1.6%) died of postoperative pulmonary infection,and postoperative anastomotic leakage occurred in 2 cases(1.6%).The postoperative follow-up of 1-5 years showed that local recurrence rate 2 years after surgical operation was 4%(5/126),the 3-,5-year survival rate was 93.6%(116/124) and 84.7%(105/124),respectively.Conclusions Total mesorectal excision can decrease the frequency of postoperative local recurrence of rectal cancer without increasing complications as long as its correct indications are selected.

BACKGROUND:Aclassical orthognathic schemefor mandibular prognathism includespreoperative cephalometric analysis,acquiring modulus, facebow transfer, modelsurgery, making occlusion plate.This process is cumbersome,complex,andproneto have bias. Moreover, orthognathic effects are difficult to be predicted, which is a majordifficultyindoctor-patientcommunication.
OBJECTIVE:To summarize and analyze the use of three-dimensional scanning techniques in the treatmentand diagnosisof mandibular prognathism, including principle, application and relative merits, thusprovidingreference forapplying to theclinic.
METHODS:Papers addressing the use of three-dimensional scanning techniques in thediagnosisand treatment of mandibular prognathism were retrieved by computer in Wanfang and PubMed databases with the key words of “three-dimensional scanning, class III,orthognathic, mandibular prognathism” in Chinese and English, respectively. A total of 48papers were included for review.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Compared with the traditional technology,the three-dimensional scanning technology has high accuracy and efficiency in the diagnosis and treatment of mandibular prognathism, and candirectlycapture the 3D geometry of objects for modeling, colection and measurement of biological data, which provides a reliable monitoring method for postoperative assessment andfolow-up. Compared with the CT,thethree-dimensional scanning technology cannot show the internal structure and separate hard and soft tissues, which should be reasonably chosen according to practical data.

BACKGROUND:Brain-derived neurotrophic factor has been detected in bone and tooth, and its role in development and metabolism of bone and tooth tissue as wel as its clinical application has become a hot spot. OBJECTIVE: To summarize and analyze the effect and mechanism of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in development and metabolism of bone and tooth tissues. METHODS: Papers addressing the effect of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in bone and tooth tissue were retrieved by computer in Wanfang and PubMed databases with the key words of “brain-derived neurotrophic factor, TrkB, p75NTR, signaling, bone, tooth, osteoblasts, osteoclasts” in Chinese and English, respectively. A total of 53 papers were included for review. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Brain-derived neurotrophic factor can be detected in various tissuesin vivo, and can regulate cel survival and apoptosis through binding its two receptors. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor in bone and tooth tissue can bind to target cels, induce or inhibit cel proliferation and differentiation, indicating that brain-derived neurotrophic factor is closely linked to bone and tooth tissue, and may play a role in growth and reconstruction of bone and tooth. Its mechanism of action is mainly through binding to TrkB receptor, to activate downstream pathways and affect differentiation and proliferation of mesenchymal stem cels, osteoblasts, chondrocytes, and periodontal ligament cels. Interaction between p75NTR receptor and TrkB receptor may be one of the factors affecting cel differentiation or proliferation.

Mitochondrial calcium homeostasis plays a key role in maintaining various cellular characteristics and mediating cellular physiological function and pathological processes .Although it has long been known that mitochondria takes up Ca2+, the molecular identities of the channels and transporters involved in this process are revealed only recently . Here, we review the structure and function of the channel-forming subunit, mitochondrial calcium uniporter (MCU) and its regulators, which include MICU1, MICU2, and MCUR1.

Objective The increased use of high-resolution ultrasound (US) for thyroid disease has markedly increased the detection rate of nonpalpable thyroid nodules .The objective of this study was to investigate the diagnostic value of conventional ultrasonography, ultrasonic elastography(UE) and combined application of both in the differential diagnosis of thyroid nodules. Methods A retrospective analysis was made on 105 patients with 160 histologically proved thyroid nodules from September 2014 and August 2015 in our hospital.The receiver operating characteristic ( ROC) curve analysis was made on Thyroid Imaging Repor-ting and Data System ( TI-RADS) score, elastography score and the score of combined application.The area under curve ( AUC) was calculated and compared to select the best cut-off value in order to work out the respective diagnostic efficacy of 3 methods and Kappa consistence check with pathologic results . Results In ROC curve analysis, AUC of combination score(0.930, 95%CI:0.890-0.969) was higher than those of TI-RADS score(0.855, 95%CI:0.794-0.915) and elasticity score(0.845, 95%CI:0.780-0.909), and the difference was statistically significant (Z=2.20, 2.03, P<0.05) .Taking TI-RADS score≥4, elastography score≥3, and combination score≥7 as the limitation to diagnose ma-lignant thyroid nodules, the specificity and PPV of combination score(94.3%, 95%CI:0.867-0.979;91.7%, 95%CI:0.809-0.969) were higher than those of TI-RADS score(78.4%, 95%CI:0.681-0.862;84.7%, 95%CI:0.692-0.886) and e-lasticity score(81.8%, 95%CI:0.719-0.889;78.7%,95%CI:0.674-0.870).Kappa value of combination score(0.718, 95%CI:0.610-0.826) was higher than that of TI-RADS score(0.586, 95%CI:0.461-0.711) and elasticity score(0.635, 95%CI:0.515-0.755). Conclusion Conventional ultrasonography and UE are mutual complementation, and the application of conventional ultrasonography combined with UE has higher value than single examination in the differential diagnosis of thyroid nodules.

Objective: To determine the expressions of histidine triad nucleotide-binding protein 1 (HINT1) mRNA and protein in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) and their relationships with clinicopatholgical features. Methods: Real-time fluorescence quantitative reverse transcription PCR (RFQ-RT-PCR) was used to detect the expressions of HINT1 mRNA in 36 cases of fresh ccRCC and 37 cases of normal kidney tissues (29 paired cases), as well as their relationships with clinicopathological features were analyzed. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the distribution and expression of HINT1 protein in 30 cases of paraffin embedded fresh ccRCC tissues and 12 cases of paraffin-embedded adjacent normal kidney tissues, as well as their relationships with clinicopathological features were analyzed. Results: The expression levels of HINT1 mRNA in 29 cases of paired ccRCC and normal kidney tissues were 0.209±0.033 and 0.733±0.136, respectively (P<0.001). The expression levels of HINT1 mRNA in 36 cases of ccRCC and 37 cases of normal kidney tissues were 0.245±0.035 and 0.694± 0.108, respectively (P<0.001). The positive expression rate of HINT1 protein in the adjacent normal kidney tissues was 100% (12/12), diffusely distributing in the nucleus and cytoplasm. HINT1 protein immunostaining in proximal convoluted tubule was stronger than that in distal convoluted tubule, while it was partially weaker in glomerular basement membrane and Bowman's capsule. The HINT1 protein expression was negative in renal interstitium. HINT1 protein expression distributing in nucleus and cytoplasm was 60% (18/30) positive in ccRCC, while it was negative in intercellular substance (P<0.01). The tendency of HINT1 mRNA expression in ccRCC and normal kidney tissues and their relationships with the clinicopathological features were the same as those of HINT1 protein. The expressions of HINT1 mRNA and protein in stages T1-2 of ccRCC were higher than those in stages T3-4 (P<0.05), and the same result was found in normal kidney tissues and ccRCC tissues. The expressions of HINT1 mRNA and protein were not correlated with Fuhrman grade, gender, age and tumor size (P>0.05). Conclusion: HINT1 may play a role as tumor suppressor gene in ccRCC. The abnormal expression of HINT1 may be associated with the abnormal regulation before translation. Abnormal expressions of HINT1 mRNA and protein may serve as a marker for the prognosis of ccRCC patients.

Atrial fibrillation is the most common arrhythmia disease in the clinical works,and endangers the public health seriously.With the development of AAD and ABL,we have made a great progress in AF's prevention and treatment.However,the literature and research about the non-disease causes of lone AF are very rare.So,the article will make a system review and summary about it,in order to instruct the lone AF's primary prevention.