Objective To investigate the level and relationships of posttraumatic growth (PTG) and psychological distress among patients with prostate cancer. Method Totally 116 patients with prostate cancer involved in the investigation by a self-designed demographic questionnaire, posttraumatic growth inventory (PTGI) and distress thermometer (DT). Results The total score of PTGI was (53.12 ± 13.51), at a low level, and the score of DT was (4.32 ± 2.59), at a medium level. The score of DT was negatively correlated to the scores of PTG and its dimensions (all P<0.05). Conclusions Patients with prostate cancer show a low level of PTG and a medium level of psychological distress and they are negatively related . Therefore , nurses should take measures to reduce the patients psychological distress and then improve their PTG level.

ObjectiveTo investigate the expression and relationship of pituitary tumor transforming gene (PTTG) and p53 protein in large intestinal adenoma,large intestinal carcinoma and normal large intestinal mucosa tissues.MethodsImmunohistochemistry was employed to determine the expression of PTTG and p53 protein in 50 cases with large intestinal adenoma tissues,42 cases with large intestinal carcinoma tissues and normal large intestinal mucosa tissues.The relationship of the expression of PTTG and p53 protein with the clinicopathological characteristics was analyzed.ResultsThere was no positive expression of p53 protein in normal large intestinal mucosa tissues,while the positive rate of PTTG expression was 7.14％(3/42).The positive rates of PTTG and p53 protein expression were 82.00％(41/50) and 90.00％(45/50) in large intestinal adenoma tissues,88.10％ (37/42) and 95.24％ (40/42) in large intestinal carcinoma tissues.The positive rates of PTTG and p53 protein over expression were 45.24％(19/42) and 69.05％(29/42) in large intestinal carcinoma tissues.The positive rates of PTTG and p53 protein expression in large intestinal carcinoma tissues were higher than those in large intestinal adenoma tissues and normal large intestinal mucosa tissues,the positive rates of PTTG and p53 protein expression in large intestinal adenoma tissues were higher than those in normal large intestinal mucosa tissues,and there were significant differences(P ＜ 0.05).The expression of PTTG was not correlated with p53 protein in large intestinal carcinoma tissues(P＞ 0.05 ),while the positive relationship was found between the expression of PTTG and p53 protein in large intestinal adenoma tissues (P ＜ 0.05 ).The over expression of PTTG was significantly correlated with lymph node metastasis (P ＜ 0.01 ),but the over expression of p53 protein was not correlated with lymph node metastasis(P ＞ 0.05) in large intestinal carcinoma tissues.Conclusions The expression of PTTG is significantly correlated with p53 protein in large intestinal adenoma tissues,and their co-expression may be used as markers for carcinogenesis of large intestinal adenoma tissues.The over expression of PTTG and p53protein is found in large intestinal carcinoma,and the over expression of PTTG is correlated with lymph node metastasis.The over expression of PTTG may be used as a marker for lymph node metastasis of large intestinal carcinoma.

Objeetive To evaluate the diagnostic value of axially loaded MR imaging with supine position in patients with degenerative disorders of lumbar spine.Methods Thirty asymptomatic volunteers and 89 patients were examined in psoas-relaxed position(PRP)and axially compressed supine position(ACE)of the lumbar spine.Sixty-one patients with low back pain,19 with sciatica and 9 with neurogenic claudication were included in the symptomatic study group.The disc levels from L3 to S1 were examined.Results In 30 asymptomatie volunteers,a significant decrease in dural sac cross-sectional area(DSCA)was found at 14 disc levels(15.6%)in 10 individuals(33.3%)during ACE(>15 mm2).In 89 patients.a significant decrease in DSCA was found at 55 disc levels(20.6%)in 38 patients(42.7%)during ACE(>15 mm2),and the mean decrease was 28 mm2.During ACE,32 disc levels with an increasing severity of disc herniation were noted in 26 patients.16 disc levels with neural foramen stenosis were found in 12 patients,11 disc levels with ligamentum flavum thickening were observed in 10 patients,3 cases facet dislocation and 3 cases lumbar spondylolisthesis were also seen.In 22 of the 89 patients(24.7%).additional valuable information(AVI)was found during ACE,including 7 patients(7/9)with neurogenic claudication,8 patients(8/19)with sciatica,and 11.5%(7/61)of the patients with low back pain.Conclusion As compared with conventional imaging methods,axially loaded imaging provides AVI,and more occult lesions can be found during ACE.ACE MRI is a valuable tool in diagnosing degenerative disorders of lumbar spine.

Objective To analyze the imaging features of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)with bile duct tumor thrombi.Methods Thirteen patients with bile duct tumor thrombi proved pathologically underwent imaging examination.MR and CT were performed in 3 cases,and 2 cases had CT only and 8 cases had MRI only.Uhrasonography(US)was performed in all 13 patients.The accuracy of bile duct tumor thrombi detection was compared between US.CT and MRI with Fisher tost.Results Liver tumors and bile duet tumor thrombi were demonstrated in all patients on CT or MRL Presence of intraluminal soft tissue mass was found in four of five cases on CT.and mild enhancement of the intraluminal mass in the arterial phase was noted.dilated bile duct distal to tumor thrombi was detected in all five patients.Eleven Tumor thrombi showed slight low signal intensity on T1 WI,slight high signal intensity on T2 WI,and mild to moderate contrast enhancement on the contrast-enhanced MR images.The MRCP findings of tumor thrombi were as follows:interruption,stricture of the bile ducts or irregular filling defect in the bile ducts with dilated intrahepatic ducts.bile duct was abruptly interrupted or showed a"rat-tail"stricture(n=5);the common bile duct was filled with tumor thrombi.intrahepatic bile duct dilatation and missing common bile duct was noted on MRCP(n=2).Bile duct tumor thrombi were toltecfly diagnosed in 7 cases on US,and 12 cases on CT or MRI.Six cases were misdiagnosed or miss-diagnosed on US,and 4 cases were misdiagnosed on CT or MRI.There was no significant difference between US and CT/MRI in diagnosis of bile duct tumor thrombi(P=0.270).Conclusion CT or MR imaging is useful for the diagnosis of HCC with biliary tumor thrombi and for evaluating the extension of thrombi.

Objective To evaluate the correlation between MRI and X-Ray discography findings and pain response at provocative discography in patients with discogenic back pain. Methods Two hundred and fifty-six lumbar intervertebral discs in 93 patients who underwent MRI and X-Ray discography were included in this study. MR images were retrospectively evaluated regarding disc degeneration, endplate abnormalities and high intensity zone. Disc degeneration was graded according to the modified criteria of Pearce, et el. Evaluation of disc morphology was performed with X-Ray discography by using the classification of Adams, et al. Endplates and adjacent bone marrow abnormalities were classified according to Modic,et al. During discography concordant pain was regarded as positive, whereas discordant pain and no pain were regarded as negative. The data were analyzed using the Chi-squnre test. Results There were 116 discs with concordant pain and 140 discs with discordant pain or no pain. Of 256 discs on discography, 17 discs were type Ⅰ17(6.6%),type Ⅱ were 25(9.8%),type Ⅲ were 91(35.5%), type Ⅳ were 77(30.1%) and type Ⅴ were 46(18.0% ). On MR images, discs of grade Ⅰ were 23 (9.0%) ,grade Ⅱ were 34(13.3%), grade Ⅲ were 84(32.8%), grade Ⅳ were 85 (33.2%) and grade Ⅴ were 30(11.7%). There was positive correlation between Pearce graded of MRI and classification of Adams of discography (r=0.62, X2 =160.87,P <0.01).In 123 discs of type Ⅳ to type Ⅴ on discography, 104 discs were with concordant pain. There was positive correlation between type Ⅳ-Ⅴ and concordant pain( r=0.60, X2 = 144.08, P < 0.01). In 115 discs of Ⅳ-Ⅴ grade degeneration, 99 discs presented with concordant pain. There was positive correlation between Ⅳ-Ⅴ grade disc degeneration and concordant作者单位:510120 广州,中山大学附属第二医院放射科 pain(r = 0.59, X2 = 137.11, P <0.01 ). In 60 discs with high intensity zone(HIZ), 52 discs presented with concordant pain. There was positive correlation between HIZ and concordant pain ( r=0.41, X2= 51.93, P <0.01 ). In 58 discs with endplate degeneration, 51 presented with concordant pain. There was positive correlation between Modic degeneration and concordant pain ( r = 0.41, X2= 52.76, P < 0.01 ). Conclusion In patients with chronic low back pain, MR imaging may present moderate to severe disc degeneration, high intensity zone, endplates and adjacent bone marrow abnormalities. MR findings with concordant pain can raise the diagnostic possibility of discogenic lumbar pain. Typical discography findings, fissured or ruptured disc, with concordant pain are important diagnostic evidence for discogenic lumbar pain.

Objective:To analyze the correlation between the glycosylated hemoglobin and immunologic function in patients with type 2 diabetes.Methods:Clinical data of patients with type 2 diabetes received treatment at our hospital from 2011 to 2014 was analyzed (Group A) and also included the healthy control as Group B.Results:A total of 75 patients were analyzed,Group A 45 cases and Group B 30 cases.Group A had a higher level of glycosylated hemoglobin than that of Group B , the difference was statistically significant(8.12±3.45 vs 4.87±1.65;t=4.472,P<0.001).Group A patients had lower levels of IgA,IgM and CD4/CD8 when compared with Group B ,the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05 ).Correlation analysis shown the glycosylated hemoglobin had significantly negative correlation with IgA ,IgM and CD4/CD8 ( P<0.05 ).Conclusion: Patients with type 2 diabetes have a low immune function which are related to high level of Glycosylated hemoglobin.

Objective To evaluate the changes in the expression of spinal aquaporin-4 (AQP4) during remifentanil-induced hyperalgesia in a mouse model of incisional pain.Methods Seventy-two pathogen-free healthy adult male CD1 mice,weighing 25-30 g,were divided into 4 groups (n=18 each) using a random number table:control group (group C),incisional pain (group I),remifentanil group (group R) and remifentanil plus incisional pain group (group R+I).Normal saline was infused subcutaneously in group C.An incision was made in the left hind paw in group I.Remifentanil 80 μg/kg was subcutaneously infused for 30 min at a rate of 0.8 ml/h in group R.Remifentanil was infused subcutaneously before establishment of the model in group R+I.The thermal paw withdrawal latency (TWL) and mechanical paw withdrawal threshold (MWT) were measured at 1 day before establishment of the model (T0) and 6 h and 1,2 and 7 days after establishment of the model (T1-4).After measurement of the pain threshold at T3,12 animals were sacrificed randomly,and the lumbar segment of the spinal cord was removed for determination of the distribution and expression of AQP4 by Western blot.Results Compared with group C,the TWL was significantly shortened at T1-3,and the MWT was decreased at T2-4 in R and R + I groups,and the expression of AQP4 was significantly up-regulated at T3 in I,R and R+I groups (P＜0.05).Compared with group I,the TWL was significantly shortened at T2,3,and the MWT was decreased at T2.4 in group R,and the TWL was significantly shortened at T1-3,the MWT was decreased at T2.4,and the expression of AQP4 was up-regulated at T3 in group R+I (P＜0.05).Conclusion The mechanism by which remifentanil induces hyperalgesia is related to up-regulation of AQP4 expression in the spinal cord in a mouse model of incisional pain.

OBJECTIVE:To explore the factors,general rule and characteristics of adverse drug reactions(ADR)for references of safe and rational clinical medication.METHOD:A total of 412 ADR reports were collected and statistically analyzed in respect of age and sex of patients,route of administration,ADR degree,drug category,ADR-involving organs and clinical manifestations etc.RESULTS:ADR-involving drugs totaled 412 kinds,of which anti-infective agents occupied the first place,followed by Chinese patent medicines.274 ADR cases(66.50%)were induced by intravenous route.ADR occurred systemically and were characterized predominantly by allergic reactions of skin and its appendants,followed by damage of nervous system.70 were new but common ADR cases,while 2 were new severe cases.CONCLUSION:It is necessary to strengthen ADR monitoring and publicizing of ADR-related knowledge to guide the clinical rational use of drugs and reduce the repetitive occurrence of ADR.

Objective To detect the distribution of mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs) after total-body irradiation in rats. Methods MSCs were cultured and labeled with green fluorescent protein(GFP). Rats were exposed to total-body irradiation(TB1) or TBI plus total brain irradiation, and then MSCs were injected through the tail vein. The Fluorescent MSCs were observed by fluorescence microscope. The MSCs numbers in different organs were determined by quantitative RT-PCR method. Results GFP-labeled MSCs were ob-tained. After MSCs were infused to the rats,few of them were observed in the organs of nonirradiated group except for a very low number in the lungs,bone marrow(BM) and spleen. TBI of 6 Gy increased the engraft-ment of MSCs in almost all the organs, especially in early response tissues such as the small intestine and BM. TBI of 7 Gy further increased the number of MSCs. The MSCs numbers in the brain and other organs were significantly increased after 20 Gy total brain irradiation in addition to 6 Gy TBI. Conclusions Radi-ation injury can induce the aggregation of MSCs. With the increase of radiation dose and severity of radiation injury,a significant increase of MSCs in different organs were observed. Local irradiation can increase the MSCs distribution in the radiation field as well as other organs.

Objective To evaluate the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) of parenehyma and necrosis in distinguishing among metastatic lymph nodes, lymphoma and tuberculous lymph nodes. Methods Thirty-six patients with cervical lymph nodes metastasis from the head and neck squamous cell carcinomas,19 patients with lymphoma and 23 patients with lymph nodes tuberculosis underwent diffusion-weighted imaging. The ADC values were measured and compared in parenchyma and necrosis of 177 lymph nodes confirmed by histopathology (n = 114) and clinical follow-up (n = 63). The means between two groups were compared by t-test, and one-way analysis of variance (one-way ANOVA) was used to analyze the data among three or more groups. Results The mean ADC values of parenchyma in metastatic nodes, lymphoma and tuberculous nodes were (0.93±0.16) × 10-3mm2/s, (0.64±0.13) × 10-3mm2/s and (1.01±0.11) ×10 -3 mm2/s respectively (F = 82.928, P < 0.01) ; the ADC values of necrosis in metastatic and tuberculous nodes were (2.02 ± 0. 36) × 10-3 mm2/s and (1.25 ± 0.15) × 10-3 mm2/s respectively (t = 12.045, P <0.01). An ADC value of parenchyma lower than or equal to 0.77 × 10 -3mm2/s was used as the threshold for lymphoma, with a sensitivity 83% and specificity of 89%. An ADC value of necrotic area greater than or equal to 1.60 × 103mm2/s was used as the threshold for metastatic nodes, with a sensitivity of 88% and specificity of 100%. Conclusion The ADC value of lymph nodes, especially for their internal necrotic areas, can help judge the nature of the cervical lymph nodes.