Objective To compare the changes of BNP and IL-1βin patients with chronic heart failure combined with chro-nic periodontitis before and after periodontal intervention treatment and investigate the improve effect of periodontal intervention treat-ment on the prognosis of chronic heart failure.Methods 38 patients with chronic heart failure combined with chronic periodontitis were divided into the intervention group (n=20) and the control group (n=18).The intervention group was given periodontal inter-vention and the control group was only given oral hygiene education .The baseline and changes of bleeding index , periodontal attach-ment loss and BNP, IL-1βof the two groups were recorded respectively.Results After periodontal treatment, the bleeding index, periodontal attachment loss and the baseline in the intervention group were significantly differenct compared with the control group (p<0.05).The changes of BNP and IL-1βindex in the intervention group were also significantly different from those of the control group (p<0.05).Conclusion The oral hygiene and periodontal health status of the patients could be improved by periodontal inter-vention.It can also improve the prognosis of patients with periodontitis combined with chronic heart failure .In conclusion, the perio-dontal intervention treatment plays a positive role in the treatment of chronic heart failure disease .

Objective To investigate the hypoglycemic and antioxidation effects of the red alga Porphyridium cruentum in diabetic mice induced by alloxan. Methods The diabetic models were established by intravenous administration of alloxan 70 mg?kg~(-1).Then the diabetic mice randomly were divided into four groups, Among them ,two groups were given ig the algal biomass 600,1200mg?kg~(-1) ,respectively. After 18 days, the contents of blood glucose, plasma lipids and the activities of SOD were detected. Results Compared with the diabetic model, the algal biomass 600,1200mg?kg~(-1) could significantly decrease the blood glucose.A trend towards lower plasma triglyceride level was observed in test groups. In addition the activity of plasma SOD was significantly enhanced in high dose group. Conclusion Porphyridium cruentum could reduce the level of blood glucose and effectively enhance the ability of antioxidation in the diabetic mice induced by alloxan.

Objective To characterize the profile and clinical significance of hepatitis B virus (HBV) quasispecies in patients infected with hepatitis B virus based on the sequence of reverse transcriptase (RT) region.Methods Fifty HBV infected treatment-naive patients were enrolled and divided into three groups,asymptomatic carriers (ASC) group (10 cases),chronic hepatitis B (CHB) group (30 cases) and liver cirrhosis (LC) group (10 cases).HBV genomes were extracted from serum samples.The sequence of RT region was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and cloned into vectors.Fifteen to thirty clones per sample were selected,sequenced and analyzed by bioinformatics software.The mean values among groups were compared by analysis of variance.The median values among groups were compared by nonparametric statistics.The enumeration data were analyzed by x2 test.Results Totally 1221 HBV RT region nucleotide sequences were obtained (152from ASC patients,780 from CHB patients and 289 from LC patients).Genotype distribution showed no difference among three groups.However,the quasispecies complexity showed significant differences among the three groups,LC group ＞CHB group＞ ASC group (F=33.400,P＜0.05).The quasispecies diversity was LC group ＞CHB group＞ ASC group,and that of LC group was significantly different from the other two groups (F=18.070,P＜0.05),while there was no significant difference between CHB and ASC patients.Conclusions The HBV isolated from patients in immune clearance phase have higher variability than those isolated from patients in immune tolerance phase.The longer the infection persists and the more severe the disease is,the more variable HBV quasispecies are.

Abortifacient Agents, Steroidal ; administration & dosage ; Abortion, Induced ; methods ; Androgen Antagonists ; administration & dosage ; Contraceptives, Oral ; administration & dosage ; Female ; Fertilization in Vitro ; methods ; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone ; administration & dosage ; analogs & derivatives ; Hormone Replacement Therapy ; methods ; Hormones ; administration & dosage ; Humans ; Mifepristone ; administration & dosage ; Norpregnenes ; administration & dosage ; Pregnancy

Objectives To explore the effect of transient continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) on β cell function, insulin resistance and vascular endothelial injury in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients and its potential mechanism. Methods Ten patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) accepted CSII for two weeks. Intravenous glucose tolerance test (IVGTT) and hyperinsulinemia euglycemia clamp test were performed before and after CSII. Serum soluble E-selectin (sE-selectin) was used to evaluate the injury of vascular endothelial cell, while serum high sensitivity C reactive protein (hsCRP) and soluble CD_(14) (sCD_(14)) were both used to assess inflammatory condition. Results (1) Compared with those before treatment, the blood glucose levels of IVGTT, the area under the curve of the blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, TC and LDL-C in the patients were decreased after CSII (P < 0. 05 or 0. 01). (2) Compared with those before treatment, the insulin levels of IVGTT (except the fasting insulin), the area under the curve of insulin and acute insulin response were all increased after CSII(P < 0.05 or 0.01). (3) Compared with that before treatment, the glucose infusion ratio in the clamp test [(3.46±1.66)mg·kg~(-1)·min~(-1) increased to (7.14±2.37)mg·kg~(-1)·min~(-1)]and HOMA-β elevated, while HOMA-IR declined (P <0. 05 or 0. 01 in all). (4) Compared with those before treatment, the levels of serum sE-selectin, sCD_(14) and hsCRP were decreased (P < 0. 01, except for hsCRP) . Conclusion Transient intensive insulin therapy in patients with newly diagnosed T2DM is useful to restore 13 cell function, attenuate insulin resistance, repair vascular endothelial injury and improve the disorder of blood sugar and lipid. The mechanism may be related with the inhibition of inflammation in patients.

This paper presents the correlative changes of cancellous bone histomorphometry, biomechanical property and bone mineral contents of lumbar vertebrae in ovariectomized rats. Forty eight 10.5-month-old female SD rats were randomized to six groups: 1) Basal: at 10.5 mon. of age; 2) sham-1: sham-operated at 13 mon. of age; 3) OVX-1: ovariectomized at 13 mon. of age; 4) sham-2: sham-operated at 16 mon. of age; 5) OVX-2: ovariectomized at 16 mon. of age; and 6) OVX-2 + EE: ovariectomized and treated with 17 alpha-ethynylestradiol (100 micrograms.kg-1.d-1) starting at 13 mon. of age for 12 weeks. Double in vivo fluorochrome labeling was administered to all rats. At the end-point of study, the undecalcified longitudinal fourth lumbar vertebra (LV4) sections were cut and stained with Goldner's Trichrome for bone histomorphometric analyses. The mechanical properties of the compact fifth lumbar vertebra body (LV5) were measured with compression test, the LV5 bodies then were dried constantly with high temperature and digested with acid for testing of bone mineral content. A trend in trabecular bone volume (BV/TV), trabecular thickness (Tb.Th) of LV4, bone break load, break stress, elastic moduli and bone calcium content of LV5 to increase with the increase of age was revealed in the intact rats, but the highest value was at 13 mon. of age. A positive correlation was seen between histomophormetry and bone bio-mechanical properties in the intact rats. Compared with the data from the sham-operated rats, the BV/TV and Tb. Th significantly decreased and bone turnover rate significantly increased in OVX rats at 10 weeks, and the above parameters further decreased 22 weeks post OVX. Correspondingly, the bone break load, break stress, elastic moduli and bone calcium content significantly decreased with the increase of time post OVX was compared with those of sham-operated rats. A positive correlation between histomophormetry and bone biomechanical properties was also observed in OVX rats (r = 0.399, P = 0.018). Bone histomorphometry is good for predicting early physiological and pathological changes and bone biomechanical properties are good parameters for predicting corresponding function of bone such as fracture. Both of them are useful and needful in the animal studies on osteoporosis and related pharmacodynamic observations on new drugs.
Animals ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; Bone Density ; Female ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; pathology ; Norethynodrel ; analogs & derivatives ; therapeutic use ; Osteoporosis ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Ovariectomy ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs) are recommended to be the most effective therapies for the first-line treatment of uncomplicated falciparum malaria. However, artemisinin is often in short supply and unaffordable to most malaria patients, which limits the wide use of ACTs. Production of amorpha-4,11-diene, an artemisinin precursor, was investigated by engineering a heterologous isoprenoid biosynthetic pathway in Escherichia coli. The production of amorpha-4,11-diene was achieved by expression of a synthetic amorpha-4,11-diene synthase gene in Escherichia coli DHGT7 and further improved by about 13.3 fold through introducing the mevalonate pathway from Enterococcus faecalis. After eliminating three pathway bottlenecks including amorpha-4,11-diene synthase, HMG-CoA reducase and mevalonate kinase by optimizing the metabolic flux, the yield of amorpha-4,11-diene was increased by nearly 7.2 fold and reached at 235 mg/L in shaking flask culture. In conclusion, an engineered Escherichia coli was constructed for high-level production of amorpha-4,11-diene.
Alkyl and Aryl Transferases ; genetics ; Antimalarials ; metabolism ; Artemisinins ; metabolism ; Enterococcus faecalis ; genetics ; Escherichia coli ; genetics ; metabolism ; Metabolic Engineering ; methods ; Phosphotransferases (Alcohol Group Acceptor) ; metabolism ; Sesquiterpenes ; metabolism ; Transformation, Bacterial

Objective:To investigate the effects of preoperative administration of parecoxib sodium on stress reaction and postoperative nausea and vomiting score in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy.Methods:A total of 112 patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy in Lishui City People's Hospital from January 2020 to January 2021 were included in this study. They were randomly divided into observation group and control group, with 56 patients per group. The observation group was intravenously administered 40 mg parecoxib sodium 30 minutes before surgery, and the control group was identically administered equal amount of 0.9% sodium chloride injection. At 1, 6, 12 and 24 hours after surgery, Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) score, cortisol and adrenocorticotropic hormone levels and postoperative nausea and vomiting score were compared between the two groups.Results:At 1, 6 and 12 hours after surgery, VAS score in the observation group was (3.23 ± 0.85) points, (2.44 ± 0.76) points, (2.37 ± 0.69) points, respectively, which were significantly lower than (4.06 ± 1.12) points, (3.24 ± 0.95) points, (3.10 ± 1.07) points in the control group ( t = 4.41, 4.92, 4.29, all P < 0.001). At 1, 6, 12 and 24 hours after surgery, cortisol level in the observation group was (287.79 ± 35.46) ng/L, (303.55 ± 34.77) ng/L, (368.58 ± 31.22) ng/L, (397.16 ± 32.60) ng/L, respectively, which were significantly lower than (337.64 ± 39.52) ng/L, (364.18 ± 36.90) ng/L, (405.56 ± 37.29) ng/L, (455.51 ± 37.81) ng/L in the control group ( t = 7.02, 8.94, 5.69, 8.74, all P < 0.05). At 1, 6, 12 and 24 hours after surgery, adrenocorticotropic hormone level in the observation group was (59.25 ± 7.63) ng/L, (65.27 ± 8.23) ng/L, (72.29 ± 7.49) ng/L, (83.63 ± 8.57) ng/L, which were significantly lower than (64.48 ± 8.06) ng/L, (71.44 ± 8.59) ng/L, (79.79 ± 8.15) ng/L, (90.08 ± 8.26) ng/L in the control group ( t = 3.52, 3.88, 5.07, 4.05, all P < 0.05). Within 24 hours after surgery, the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group [12.50% (7/56) vs. 28.57% (16/56), χ2 = 4.43, P < 0.05). Within 2 hours, 2-6 hours, and > 6-24 hours, postoperative nausea and vomiting score in the observation group was (1.31 ± 0.26) points, (1.43 ± 0.32) points, and (1.46 ± 0.41) points, respectively, which was significantly lower than (1.67 ± 0.41) points, (1.83 ± 0.39) points, (1.88 ± 0.44) points in the control group ( t = 2.12, 2.37, 2.14, all P < 0.05). Conclusion:Preoperative administration of parecoxib sodium exhibits a good postoperative analgesic effect in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy. It can effectively reduce postoperative stress reactions, decrease the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting, and lower the severity of postoperative nausea and vomiting, and thereby can be widely used in clinical practice.

Objective To evaluate the effects of different fluid therapy protocols on postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) in pediatric patients undergoing ambulatory surgery.Methods A total of 160 pediatric patients,of American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status Ⅰ or Ⅱ,aged 3-7 yr,weighing 14-24 kg,with body mass index ＜30 kg/m2,undergoing elective lower abdominal ambulatory surgery,were randomized into Ⅰ and Ⅱ groups (n=80 each) using a random number table method.Lactated Ringer's solution 10 ml · kg-1 · h-1 and 30 ml · kg-1 · h-1 were intravenously infused in group Ⅰ and group Ⅱ,respectively.Ibuprofen 20 mg/kg was given orally after operation to maintain Face Legs Activity Cry Consolability score ＜4.The development of PONV and thirst and requirement for antiemetics was recorded within 24 h postoperatively.The time of first PONV,time of first thirst and score for satisfaction of family members were also recorded.Results Compared with group Ⅰ,the incidence of PONV and thirst was significantly decreased,the time of first requirement for antiemetics and time of first thirst were prolonged,and the score for satisfaction of family members was increased (P＜ 0.05),and no significant change was found in the requirement for antiemetics in group Ⅱ (P＞0.05).Conclusion Intravenously infusing fluid 30 ml · kg-1 · h-1 can decrease the occurrence of PONV when compared with intravenously infusing fluid 10 ml · kg-1 · h-1 in pediatric patients undergoing ambulatory surgery.

Objective:To investigate the pharmacokinetics of sugammadex in reversal of rocuronium-induced muscle relaxant residual in infants and young children undergoing daytime surgery.Methods:One hundred and four pediatric patients of either sex, aged 3-36 months, of American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status classification Ⅱ, with body mass index of 18.5-28.0 kg/m 2, diagnosed with oblique inguinal hernia and/or hydrocele, scheduled for laparoscopic high ligation of hernia sac and/or high ligation of sphingoid surgery, were included in the study. Intraoperative neuromuscle relaxation was assessed by transdermal stimulation of the ulnar nerve in the wrist using a TOF Guard monitor. Rocuronium 0.9 mg/kg, propofol 3 mg/kg, and sufentanyl 0.5 μg/kg were intravenously injected for anesthesia induction, and propofol 6-8 mg·kg -1·h -1 was intravenously infused to maintain anesthesia. The pediatric patients were divided into Ⅰgroup and Ⅱ group according to the degree of postoperative neuromuscular block. In group Ⅰ, sugammadex 2 mg/kg was intravenously injected when TOF returned to T 2 recurrence. In group Ⅱ, sugammadex 4 mg/kg was intravenously injected when the single stimulation count was 1 or 2 after tetanic stimulation. At 2 and 10 min after rocuronium administration, at the end of operation, 2 and 10 min after sugammadex administration, and when the children met the standard of leaving the resuscitation room, venous blood samples were collected for determination of plasma concentrations of rocuronium and sugammadex using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Pharmacokinetic parameters were determined using the Pheonix WinNonlin software. The onset of rocuronium and time for recovery of TOF ratio to 90% were recorded. Results:The pharmacokinetics of sugammadex was fitted to the nonlinear mixed-effect satrioventricular model.There was no significant difference in the peak concentration, area under the drug concentration-time curve, elimination half-life, apparent clearance, apparent volume of distribution, mean retention time, and time for TOF ratio returning to 90% between the two groups ( P> 0.05). Conclusions:The pharmacokinetics of sugammadex in reversal of rocuronium-induced muscle relaxant residual is fitted to a nonlinear mixed-effect satrioventricular model, and sugammadex 2 and 4 mg/kg have similar pharmacokinetics in infants and young children undergoing daytime surgery.