Paralytic shellfish poisoning contamination is a threat to human health. Based on review of research articles pertaining to paralytic shellfish poisoning contamination in shellfishes and assessment of dietary exposure to paralytic shellfish poisoning in coastal cities of China from 2007 to 2022, the article describes the status of paralytic shellfish poisoning contamination, influencing factors and dietary exposure assessment in different sea areas of China (Bohai Sea, Huanghai Sea, East China Sea and South China Sea), and the relatively high-level contamination of paralytic shellfish poisoning in shellfishes is found to strongly correlate with red tides caused by season and water temperature in the Bohai Sea and South China Sea areas. Acute exposure assessment based on point estimate model is commonly used for assessment of dietary exposure to paralytic shellfish poisoning, and the risk of human dietary exposure to paralytic shellfish poisoning is within the acceptable range in most areas. Intensified monitoring of paralytic shellfish poisoning contamination in shellfishes and full consideration of parameters like processing factor during dietary exposure assessment are required in the future to allow more precise results.

Objective To evaluate the clinical application of superselective renal artery embolization for the treatment of traumatic renal hemorrhage. Methods Thirty eight patients with traumatic renal hemorrhage were first demonstrated by renal arterigraphy under seldinger technique to ensure the rupture site and degree of renal artery and then followed by percutaneous cathetherized superselective renal arterial embolization through guidance of super slippery guide wire with gelfoam particles or steel coil. Results All 38 patients revealed occlusive abruption of bleeding arteries and disappearance of vextravasation staining after the superselective catheterized renal arterial embolization with gelfoam particles and steel spring coil under DSA. Clinically, all patients urine turned clear without macroscopic hematuria during 1 - 3 days after the procedure. Conclusions Superseclective renal arterial embolization is less aggressive and simultaneously with less complications, good hemostatic efficacy, maximal preservation of renal tissue and function for renal traumatic hemorrhage, which is worthy to be recommended.

OBJECTIVETo study the therapeutic effects of posterolateral depression fractures of the tibial plateau through a modified anterolateral approach.

METHODSFrom February 2011 to January 2012,13 patients with posterolateral depression fractures of the tibial plateau were treated through a modified anterolateral approach. There were 8 males and 5 females, ranging in age from 28 to 59 years old (49.2 years old on average). Data from patients were collected retrospectively as follows: X-ray, time of fracture healing and the complications of fracture healing. The patients were evaluated both clinically and radiologically according to the Rasmussen score system.

RESULTSAll the patients were followed up, and the duration ranged from 6 to 18 months (mean 13.7 months). All the patients got bony union. The average radiographic bony union time was 15.1 weeks (ranged, 11 to 17 weeks). No case of secondary articular depression was found. No complications such as malunion or joint stiffness were found. But 1 patient had superficial infection and 1 patient had common peroneal nerve injury. According to the Rasmussen score system,the mean radiological score was 16.50 ± 0.67 (ranged, 13 to 18), and the mean functional score was 25.20 ± 2.21 (ranged, 13 to 30). The mean range of knee motion was (125.3 ± 9.3)° (ranged, 0° to 135°).

CONCLUSIONTreatment of depression fractures of posterolateral tibial plateau with a modified anterolateral approach is a safe method with effective exposure, due to its stable fixation and relatively good outcome with minimal soft-tissue complications. It is regarded as an ideal procedure for depression fractures of posterolateral tibial plateau.

Adult ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; methods ; Fracture Healing ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Tibial Fractures ; surgery

A 44-residue hybrid peptide (CB (1-24)-Arg-Ser-Tyr-Tan (4-21)) incorporating 1-24 residues of cecropin B (CB) and 4-21 residues of thanatin (Tan) was designed and constructed. The CB-Tan gene was cloned into expression plasmid pGEX-3X and expressed in E. coli BL21. The fusion protein was purified by affinity chromatography. After digested with enterokinase the gene product released with antibacterial activity and gave one band in Tricine-SDS-PAGE.
Amino Acid Sequence ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; metabolism ; Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides ; Base Sequence ; Cloning, Molecular ; Escherichia coli ; genetics ; Insect Proteins ; biosynthesis ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Peptides, Cyclic ; biosynthesis ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins ; biosynthesis ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology

BACKGROUND: Open reduction and internal fixation is commonest surgical method for calcaneal fractures, but its postoperative complications are troublesome. Thereafter, choosing an appropriate treatment scheme is of great significance for reducing postoperative complications and promoting patients' functional recovery. OBJECTIVE: To compare the curative efficacy of the modified minimally invasive internal fixation with cannulated screws through tarsal sinus and traditional extended lateral "L-shape" incision with plate fixation for calcaneal fractures. METHODS: Sixty-eight cases of unilateral calcaneal fractures (Sanders II and III) were selected, followed by treated with modified minimally invasive internal fixation with cannulated screws through tarsal sinus (modified group, n=33) or traditional extended lateral "L-shape" incision with plate fixation (traditional group, n=35). The operation time, blood loss, and Visual Analogue Scale scores were compared between two groups; the preoperarive and postoperative American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society scores, Bohler angle, and Gissane angle as well as postoperative complications were detected and compared between both groups. Besides, the postoperative pain, range of motion, and ankle stability were evaluated. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society scores at 6 months postoperatively in both two groups were significantly higher than those at baseline, and the scores in the modified group were significantly higher than those in the traditional group (P < 0.05). (2) The Bohler angle, Gissane angle, and calcaneal width in the modified group were significantly improved compared with the traditional group at 1 week, 6 and 12 months postoperatively (P < 0.05). (3) Compared with the traditional group, the operation time, blood loss, and Visual Analogue Scale scores in the modified group were significantly improved (P < 0.05). (4) The incidence of complications in the modified group was significantly lower than that in the traditional group (P < 0.05). (5) These results manifest that compared with the traditional extended lateral "L-shape" incision with plate fixation for calcaneal fractures, the modified minimally invasive internal fixation with cannulated screws through tarsal sinus can significantly alleviate pain, and improve the range of motion and stability of the ankle joint.

Metabolomics is a new discipline which has developed rapidly following post-genomic,transcriptomics and proteomics.It has become an important research method because of its unique advantages.It is mainly used in drug research and development,disease surveillance and other fields.In addition,with the gradual maturation of metabolomics technology and the gradual development of new analytical methods,the application of metabolomics has been more and more widely,and metabolomics technology has been gradually applied to the field of parasite research,especially for protozoan parasites.This paper summarizes metabolomics,metabolomics research methods,and the application of metabolomics in research of protozoan parasites,with the aims of further understanding of metabolomics technology,and providing reference basis for solving problems of protozoan parasites.

Objective To describe the prevalence and relationship between physical activity (PA),depressive symptoms and school life satisfaction among middle school students in Bengbu,Anhui province.Methods A total number of 5268 boys and girls were analyzed from 4 middle schools.Depressive symptoms were assessed,using the Depression Self-rating Scale for Children,school life satisfaction via the School Life Satisfaction Rating Questionnaire.Self-reported PA and sedentary behaviors were also assessed.Descriptive statistics and logistic regression models were used.Results Adolescents self-reported rates of participating in sufficient moderate,vigorous and insufficient PA were 14.7％,36.0％ and 59.1％,respectively.The prevalence rates on depressive symptoms and school life dissatisfaction were 24.4％ and 25.9％.After adjusting on sedentary behaviors and other potential confounders,participants who had engaged in sufficient moderate and vigorous PA had odds ratios of 0.73 (0.60-0.89),0.68 (0.59-0.79) and 0.76 (0.63-0.92),0.70 (0.61-0.81) for likelihood of being depressive and school life dissatisfaction,compared to their counterparts who participating in insufficient moderate and vigorous PA.Insufficient PA was positively associated with depression and dissatisfaction of their school lives [OR (95％ CI):1.42(1.24-1.63) and 1.45 (1.27-1.66)].Conclusion High prevalence of insufficient PA was seen among adolescents and PA was closely related to the presence of depressive symptoms and school life dissatisfaction among middles school students.

Objective To describe the epidemiological characteristics of profession related long-standing behavior during preconception and progestation,and to probe the relationship between prolonged standing jobs and the common pregnancy related complications among pregnant women,in Ma' anshan city,Anhui province.Methods In this cohort study,subjects who had their first antenatal examination at Ma' anshan Maternal and Child Care Centers were recruited under informed consent,from October 2008 to October 2010.All the information were collected through questionnaires in the first,second and third trimesters respectively.Three questionnaires were filled in by subjects under the guidance of healthcare takers.Results In the study,the 754 percentile of prolonged-standing times were 4.0 h/d and 3.0 h/d respectively in preconception and progestation.The characteristics of pregnant women with low social/economic status,prone to be involved in stand-long occupation.Results in logistic regression analysis,prolonged-standing jobs during preconception was the risk factor of pregnancy-induced hypertension and severe anemia.The adjusted odds ratios were 2.05 (95％CI:1.26-3.31) and 1.38 (95％CI:1.03-1.85) respectively.Conclusion Prolonged standing jobs appeared to be common occupational exposure to and risks of both pregnant woman and their fetus.Exposure to these kinds of jobs during preconception could increase the risk of pregnancy-induced hypertension and severe anemia.In order to promote maternal health programs,all the related occupational risk factors should be valued and avoided during preconception and pregnancy.

Objective To investigate the expression level of circular RNA circ-TNRC6A in bladder cancer tissues and its mechanism of regulating the proliferation and migration of bladder cancer cells.Methods The expression level of circ-TNRC6A in bladder cancer tissues and its relationship with clinical stage of patients with bladder cancer were analyzed using the Cancer Genome Atlas database.The expression levels of circ-TNRC6A in human normal bladder epithelial cell SV-HUC-1 and bladder cancer cell lines(MGH-U3,5637,RT-4,T24,J82)were analyzed by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR(qPCR).The circ-TNRC6A plas-mid(circ-TNRC6A group)and the control plasmid(NC group)were transfected into 5637 bladder cancer cells,respectively.The effects of circ-TNRC6A on the proliferation and migration of bladder cancer cells were detected by colony formation assay and cell scratch assay,respectively.The targeting relationship between circ-TNRC6A and microRNA(miR)-494-3p was predicted by bioinformatics technology and confirmed by lu-ciferase reporter gene assay.qPCR was used to detect the effect of circ-TNRC6A on miR-494-3p expression.Western blot was used to detect the effect of circ-TNRC6A on the expression of key proteins in Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.Results circ-TNRC6A was down-regulated in bladder cancer tissues compared with adja-cent tissues(P＜0.01).The expression level of circ-TNRC6A was correlated with the clinical stage of bladder cancer(P＜0.05).Compared with SV-HUC-1 cells,the expression of circ-TNRC6A was lower in bladder cancer cell lines(all P＜0.05),and the expression level of circ-TNRC6A was the lowest in 5637 cells(P＜0.01).Compared with the NC group,overexpression of circ-TNRC6A inhibited the proliferation of 5637 cells(P＜0.01)and reduced the migration ability of 5637 cells(P＜0.01).circ-TNRC6A could target miR-494-3p(P＜0.01).Compared with NC group,overexpression of circ-TNRC6A significantly reduced the expression level of miR-494-3p(P＜0.01)and inhibited the activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway(P＜0.01).Conclusion circ-TNRC6A inhibits the proliferation and migration of bladder cancer cells by down-regulating miR-494-3p.circ-TNRC6A may be a new therapeutic target for bladder cancer.

Avian trichomoniasis caused by Trichomonas gallinae is a serious protozoan disease worldwide. The domestic pigeon (Columba livia domestica) is the main host for T. gallinae and plays an important role in the spread of the disease. Based on the internal transcribed spacers of nuclear ribosomal DNA of this parasite, a pair of primers (TgF2/TgR2) was designed and used to develop a PCR assay for the diagnosis of T. gallinae infection in domestic pigeons. This approach allowed the identification of T. gallinae, and no amplicons were produced when using DNA from other common avian pathogens. The minimum amount of DNA detectable by the specific PCR assay developed in this study was 15 pg. Clinical samples from Guangzhou, China, were examined using this PCR assay and a standard microscopy method, and their molecular characteristics were determined by phylogenetic analysis. All of the T. gallinae-positive samples detected by microscopic examination were also detected as positive by the PCR assay. Most of the samples identified as negative by microscopic examination were detected as T. gallinae positive by the PCR assay and were confirmed by sequencing. The positive samples of T. gallinae collected from Guangzhou, China, were identified as T. gallinae genotype B by sequencing and phylogenetic analyses, providing relevant data for studying the ecology and population genetic structures of trichomonads and for the prevention and control of the diseases they cause.
China* ; Columbidae* ; Diagnosis ; DNA ; DNA, Ribosomal ; Ecology ; Genetic Structures ; Genotype ; Methods ; Microscopy ; Parasites ; Polymerase Chain Reaction* ; Trichomonas*