Objective To detect and analyze the levels of preoperative serum carcino-embryonic antigen (CEA) and CA15-3 in early invasive breast cancer patients and their correlation with pathological parameters. Methods Electrochemical luminescence immunoassay (ECLI) technology was used to detect serum levels of CEA and CA15-3 in 223 cases of early invasive breast cancer patients, 109 patients with benign lesions, and 30 cases of heath control. Immunohistochemical (IHC) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) were used to detect the estrogen receptors (ER), progesterone recepter (PR), and its HER-2 pathological indicators.Besides, the correlation of serum CA15-3, CEA levels and pathological parameters was analyzed. Results The serum CA15-3 and CEA levels of Breast cancer patients [(22.27±15.11) U/ml, (5.03± 0.49) μg/L] were significantly higher than that of patients in benign lesion group [(14.13±3.04) U/ml, (2.72± 0.11) μg/L] (P< 0.05). CEA level of patients with histological grade Ⅲ was (6.34 ±0.93) μg/L, significantly higher than the level Ⅰ-Ⅱ (4.23±0.50) μg/L (P< 0.05). CA15-3 level was (19.26±15.08) U/ml in T1 tumors, and CA15-3 level was (28.73 ±11.53) U/ml in T2 tumors (P<0.05). The serum levels of CEA and CA15-3 between different histology, pathologic stage, lymph node status, ER, PR, HER-2, pathological characteristics had no significant difference (P>0.05). CEA positive rate of breast cancer group was significantly higher than that of benign lesions(13.5%vs. 3.7%, 26.5%vs. 1.8%, P<0.05). 30 cases of normal control group had no positive one. The joint monitoring sensitivity of CEA and CA15-3 breast cancer group was 9.4 %, the sensitivity was 0 in benign lesion group. There was significant difference (P < 0.05). Conclusion The changes of Serum CA15-3 and CEA levels in breast cancer patients can be considered as the judgment standard for early diagnosis, pathological staging, prognosis and clinical effect monitoring.

BACKGROUND: It has been reported that Angiotensin Ⅱ (Ang Ⅱ) is related to occurrence and development of dermatofibrosis; however, less is explored about the expression and effect of AT1 and AT2 receptors in the fibroblasts of human hypertrophic scar.OBJECTIVE: To observe the expression of Ang Ⅱ type 1 (AT1) and type 2 (AT2) receptors in human hypertrophic scars, and explore their effects on collagen synthesis of fibroblasts.DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: Randomized control experiment was performed at the Experimental Center, Guangzhou General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Area Command of Chinese PLA between August 2006 and November 2007. PARTICIPANTS: Samples of hypertrophic scare were taken from 18 patients (10 males and 8 females, 19-47 years Old). Seven specimens of normal skin served as control. All of the specimens collected were divided into two parts, one part for immunohistochemical staining after fixated by 4% paraformaldehyde, the other part for culturing fibroblasts.METHODS: The expression of both AT1 and AT2 receptors in fibroblasts of hypertrophic scare was detected with immunohistochemical staining and radioligand receptor binding assay. Collagen synthesis was examined in cultured fibroblasts of hypertrophic scars by measuring [3H]-proline incorporation into collagenous proteins.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The expression of both AT1 and AT2 receptors in human hypertrophic scars; the [3H]-proline incorporation value in cultured fibroblasts.RESULTS: Positive staining signals of both AT1 and AT2 receptors were found in fibroblasts of hypertrophic scars. Similar results were also observed in cultured fibroblasts of hypertrophic scars, expression level of AT1 and AT2 receptors were (10.69±2.15) fmol/106 cells and (4.9±1.05) fmol/106cells, respectively. In cultured fibreblasts, Ang Ⅱ stimulation significantly increased collagen synthesis, which was inhibited by valsartan, an AT1 receptor blocker, but augmented by PD123319, an AT2 receptor antagonist.CONCLUSION: Both AT1 and AT2 receptors were expressee in the fibreblasts of hypertrophic scars, and Ang Ⅱ regulates collagen synthesis in hypertrophic scar fibroblasts through a negative cross-talk between AT1 and AT2 receptors, which might contribute, at least partly to formation and maturation of human hypertrophic scars.

BACKGROUND: Causes of Parkinson disease have not been mentioned clearly up to now yet. Theory of hereditary susceptibility is the main theory to explain Parkinson disease now. But there is no definite conclusion on which hereditary factors have relationship with it.OBJECTIVE: To study the relationship between gene polymorphism caused by point mutation C to T on cDNA609 basic group of reduced NAD(P) H:quinone oxidoreductase(NQO1) gene and hereditary susceptibility of Parkinson disease.DESIGN: A non-randomized synchronized control research based on patient and healthy people.SETTING: Neurology departments in two university hospitals and a senile disease research institute in a university hospital.PARTICIPANTS: Totally 126 patients(Parkinson disease group) diagnosed as Parkinson disease in Neurology Clinic of First Hospital Affiliated to Sun Yat-sen University from September 1994 to September 1997, aged 46 to 73 years, in which 74 were males and 52 were females. Totally 136 healthy adults (control group), in which 66 were males and 70 were females, who came to the clinic to do health examination at the same time, aged 40 to 72 years.METHODS: Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism(PCR-RFLP) was used to analyze NQO1 gene polymorphism in Parkinson disease group and healthy adult control group.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Mutation frequency and genotype of point mutation of basic group C to T on NQO1 gene cDNA609.RESULTS: T allele frequency in Parkinson disease group was 52% and that in control group was 43%. There was significant difference between two groups (P ＜ 0. 005) . There was significant difference on distribution of genotype in Parkinson disease group and control group( P ＜ 0.05). The risk incidence increased 3.8 times in individual with T allele.CONCLUSION: NQO1 gene cDNA609 mutation T allele may be a risk factor to Parkinson disease, which could be associated with the hereditary susceptibility of Parkinson disease.

Abstract: Objective　To investigate the fundus arteriosclerosis and its influencing factors in HIV/AIDS patients after long-term highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). Methods　The clinical basic data and fundus examination data of 203 HIV/AIDS patients before and after HAART in the Fourth People 's Hospital of Nanning from January 2020 to June 2022 were collected to evaluate the occurrence of fundus arteriosclerosis and analyze its influencing factors. Results　Of the 203 HIV/AIDS patients, 159 patients developed fundus arteriosclerosis, with an incidence of 78.33%, including 33 patients with grade Ⅰ(20.75%), 87 patients with grade Ⅱ (54.72%), 28 patients with grade Ⅲ(17.61%), and 11 patients (6.92%) with Grade Ⅳ. Before HAART, there was no significant difference in CD4+T lymphocyte count, CD8+T lymphocyte count, viral load, white blood cell count, platelet count, hemoglobin, serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, triacylglycerol, total cholesterol, fasting blood glucose, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and serum total bilirubin between the atherosclerosis group and normal group (P>0.05). After 6 months of HAART, CD8+T lymphocyte count, triacylglycerol and fasting blood glucose in atherosclerosis group were significantly higher than those in normal group (P<0.05). In the stratified comparison of CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocyte counts after 6 months of HAART, the proportion of patients with CD4+ lymphocyte count (CD4+)<200 (cells/μL) in the atherosclerosis group was significantly higher than that in the normal group; the proportion of patients with CD4+ lymphocyte count (CD4+)≥500 (cells/μL) was significantly lower than that in the normal group; the proportion of patients with CD8+ lymphocyte count CD8+≥ 800/μL was significantly higher than that in the normal group (all P<0.05). Binary logistic regression analysis showed that opportunistic infection, HIV course, CD4+T, CD8+T lymphocyte count after HAART and triglyceride were independent risk factors for ocular fundus atherosclerosis in HIV/AIDS patients (all P<0.05). Conclusions　The incidence of ocular fundus arteriosclerosis is high in HIV/AIDS patients. More than 4 years of HIV course, combined opportunistic infection, Low CD4+T lymphocyte count after 6 months of HAART, high CD8+T lymphocyte count and high triglyceride level are independent risk factors for ocular fundus arteriosclerosis in HIV/AIDS patients. Fundus screening should be performed before and after HAART in such population, HAART program should be formulated for the risk of cardiovascular disease, and risk management of cardiovascular disease should be strengthened during treatment to improve patient outcomes.

Objective To identify a aldehyde dehydrogenases positive (ALDH+) cancer stem cell subpopulation in MCF-7 cells and to investigate the proliferation and differentiation characteristics of these cells in vitro.Methods ALDH+ breast cancer stem cells were isolated from MCF-7 cells by flow cytometry and the biological property of ALDH+ breast cancer stem cells were examined by scarification test,MTT,growth curvature and Transwell migration assay.Results The ratio of CD-/low24 CD+44 cells was about 1.4 ％ in MCF-7 cells.The ratio of ALDH+ CD-/low24CD+44 cells was about 1.2 ％.The growth curvature of ALDH+ breast cancer stem cells was almost the same with that of CD-/low24 CD+44 cells.The distance between cells was obviously shorter in both CD-/low24 CD+44 cells scarification zone and ALDH+ CD-/low24 CD+44 cells scarification zone.The migration ability of CD-/low24CD+44 cells and ALDH+ CD-/low24CD+44 cells was stronger than control group cells.There were migration ability differences between CD-/low24CD+44 cells and ALDH+ CD-/low24CD+44 cells.The results of Transwell experiments were in coincidence with above results.Lots of CD-/low24CD+44 cells and ALDH+ CD-/low24CD+44 cells were through the membrane.In MTT assay,absorbance values were 1.05±0.098,1.56±0.075 and 1.67±0.032.Conclusion CD--/low24CD+44 and ALDH+ CD-/low24CD+44 breast cancer stem cell subpopulation exist in MCF-7 cells.ALDH could potentially be used as a molecular marker to identify breast cancer stem cell subpopulation.

Objective To study the feasibility and safety of hand-assisted laparoscopic hepatectomy for huge left hepatoma.Methods Nine patients with huge left hepatoma underwent hand- assisted laparoscopic hepatectomy including hepatocellular carcinoma(4 cases),intrahepatic cholangioearcinoma(1 case),hepatic metastatic squamous carcinoma(1 case),hepatic cavernous hemangioma(2 cases),and hepatic spindle cell tumor(1 case).The mean age was 45.3 years.AFP was positive in 3 cases and CEA was positive in 1 case.The preoperative liver function was Child-Pugh A in all patients.The procedure included dissection of left hepatic ligaments and portal triad clamping with Pringle's maneuver and hepatectomy.Results The laparoscopic procedures were completed safely in all patients including 6 left lateral segmentectomies and 3 left hemihepatectomies.There was no conversion to laparotomy.Mean surgical time was 111.7 minutes.Mean blood loss was 97.8 ml.Portal triad clamping was used in 8 cases and mean clamping time was 13.4 minutes.Neither formidable bleeding nor gas embolism occurred.There were no serious postoperative complications such as postoperative bleeding or bile leak or liver failure.Liver function recovered within 7 to 10 days.Preoperatively positive AFP and CEA turned negative after operation.The mean postoperative hospital stay was 8.4 days.Four patients with HCC underwent postoperative prophylactic hepatic arterial chemoembolization within the first postoperative month. All patients were tumor-free as evaluated by postoperative follow-up of 4～11 months.Conclusions Hand-assisted laparoscopic hepatectomy for huge left hepatoma is feasible and safe in appropriately selected patients.

Objective To estimate the exposure level of PM2.5,CO and O_3 in the elders in a community in Beijing.Methods The concentrations of PM2.5,CO and O_3 in 10 main activity sites of the elders were measured and 24 h time-activity data of 30 elders was collected by recording of activity log paper,Nov.28,2007—Jan.17,2008.Results The 24 h average exposure concentrations of PM2.5,CO and O_3 for the elders were(146.54?6.60)?g/m~3,(2.67?0.18)mg/m~3 and(32.30?2.79)?g/m~3, respectively,there was no significant difference in the exposure level of PM2.5 and O_3 between male and female elders except CO (P

Objective To establish a novel TRFIA for the measurement of heparanase (HPA) in serum samples,and investigate its clinical application.Methods The micro-pore plate wells were first coated with partially recombinant murine anti-human HPA monoclonal antibody.Biotin-labeled recombinant HPA protein was then used to compete with HPA in serum samples,and the prepared europium (III)-labeled streptavidin (Eu3+-SA) was used as signal readout for establishing the BSA-TRFIA assay.Using this assay,the serum HPA levels in healthy subjects (n=32) and tumor patients (n=54) were measured.The results of BSA-TRFIA were compared with those of ELISA.Two-sample t test (or t' test),and linear correlation analysis were used to analyze the data.Results The sensitivity of BSA-TRFIA for measuring HPA was 0.33 ug/L.The CV values for intra-batch and inter-batch were 5.29% and 7.54%,respectively.The average recovery rate was 105.5%.The standard curve range was 0-1 000 ug/L.The serum HPA level measured by the BSA-TRFIA method in healthy subjects was (2.03_+ 1.47) Iug/L.In tumor patients,the HPA level was significantly higher:(22.13_+7.38) ug/L (t'=19.388,P

To explore the expression of Beclin1 in osteosarcoma and investigate the effects of down-regulation of autophagy on the chemotherapeutic sensitivity to cisplatin (DDP), the expression of Beclin1 in 28 specimens of osteosarcoma (group A) and 19 specimens of normal bone tissues (group B) were immunohistochemically detected. The expression of Beclin1 mRNA in MG63 cells treated with different concentrations of DDP was examined with RT-PCR. After down-regulation of autophagy in MG63 cells by an autophagy inhibitor, 3-methyladenine (3-MA), the cell proliferation inhibition rate of MG63 cells treated with DDP was evaluated by using the MTT assay. The positive rates of Beclin1 were 67.85% in group A and 94.73% in group B. Its expression was lower in osteosarcoma than in normal bone tissues, with a significant difference found between them (P<0.05). RT-PCR showed that the expression of Beclin1 mRNA in the cells treated with high-dose DDP were higher than that in the non-treated cells, and no significant difference in the expression of Beclin1 mRNA was found between the cells treated with low-dose DDP and the non-treated cells. There was a positive correlation between the level of Beclin1 mRNA expression and the concentration of DDP. MTT assay showed that the proliferation inhibition rates of the cell treated with 3-MA and DDP combined were substantially increased when compared with those treated with DDP alone (P<0.01). This study demonstrated that autophagy may be implicated in the carcinogenesis of osteosarcoma, and DDP may induce autophagy in the MG63 cells. It also suggests that the down-regulated autophagy could increase chemotherapeutic sensitivity of DDP to osteosarcoma.

Objective To explore the effect of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) on flap graft survival.Methods Two random skin flaps were elevated on the back of the rabbits with spinal symmetry in fifteen healthy rabbits.We selected randomly one side as PRP side,another side as blank control side.And then the autologous PRP was daubed to the basement of the skin flap in PRP side,while the blank control side was treated with normal saline of the same volume.At 3 d,7 d,and 14 d after the surgical operation,the immunohistochemistry was conducted to detect the microvessel density by CD34,and the the flap graft survival rate was tested and the histological changes of the flaps were observed by HE staining.Results The survival rates of skin flap graft were that the PRP side in 3 d (74.4±4.7) ％,while the control side (65.8+6.8)％;the PRP side in 7 d (72.4±7.5)％,while the control side (58.5+7.0)％；the PRP side in 14 d (74.5±5.0)％,while the control side (65.0±5.4) ％.The inflammatory reaction became declining with the extension of time,while density of blood vessels was increasing.In 14 d inflammatory reaction was the lowest and blood vessels' density was the largest.In all the control sides inflammatory response was obvious than that of the PRP side.CD34 positive count in 3 d PRP side microvascular density (MD) was (13.9±2.0)/HP,controlled side (11.1±1.3)/HP;in 7 d PRP MD was (15.7±1.5)/HP,controlled side (12.1±1.2)/HP;in 14 d PRP MD was (19.6±1.2)/HP,controlled side (12.7±0.8)/HP.There were significant differences in the MD at 3 d,7 d,and 14 d (P＜0.05) between PRP side and control side.Conclusions Platelet-rich plasma is able to promote the survival of random rabbit flap.