Objective To investigate the possibility of detection of the human papillomavirus (HPV)L1 capsid protein to predict the coarse of mild or moderate cervical intraepithelial neoplasia(CIN).Methods Immunocytochemical analysis using antibody against HPV L1 capsid protein was carried out on 274 samples obtained from women performed Tri Path Pap tests.positive for high-risk HPV DNA detected by hybrid capture Ⅱ (HC-Ⅱ)or cytologic diagnosed atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS)or more severe.For cytological diagnosed,there were ASCUS 105 cases,low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL) 119 cases,atypical squamous cells cannot exclude high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (ASC-H)9 cases,high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions(HSIL)36 cases,and squamous cell carcinoma(SCC)5 cases.But for the pathologic diagnosed,there were chronic cervicitis 96 cases.CIN Ⅰ 55 cases,CIN Ⅱ 55 cases,CIN Ⅲ 32 cases,and SCC 6 cases.Results Of the 274 cases,HPV L1 capsid protein was positive in 69.8%(67/96) of cervicitis,83.5%(71/85)of CIN Ⅰ,41.8% (23/55)of CIN Ⅱ,3.1%(1/32)of CIN Ⅲ and 0(0/6)of SCC.Cytologic diagnosis revealed a higher expression rate in LSIL(75.6%.90/119) than that in ASCUS(63.8%,67/105)or in HSIL + SCC (9.8%,4/41;all P<0.01).Of 71 cases with ASCUS and ISIL without treated,none of HPV L1 positive cases(0/55)progressed in cytology,while 19%(3/16)of HPV L1 negative cases progressed to ASC-H,HSIL(P<0.01).Conclusion The expression rates of HPV L1 protein in liquid-based cell specimen is decreased as the cytopathology diagnosis severe degree.which may imply the histopathology diagnosis of cervix,predict the progression of cervical lesion,and help to treat the cases with ASCUS and LSIL.

Objective To evaluate clinical efficacy of different HPV methods in screening of cervical cancers.Methods Between August 2011 and November 2011,424 women in the China-Japan Friendship Hospital were enrolled in this study.All participants were undergone liquid-based cytology test (LCT),Hybrid capture Ⅱ (HC-Ⅱ) and real-time (RT)PCR high risk HPV DNA test for HPV16 and HPV18 genotyping.Those results were classified into two group:424 women at HC-Ⅱ group with LCT and HC-Ⅱ test and 421 women at PCR group with LCT and PCR test.All women with atypical squamous cell of undetermined significance (ASCUS) or above in cytological result with high risk HPV positive at two group underwent cervical biopsy by colposcopy.In the mean time,women with negative in cytological results and with HPV 16 and(or) HPV 18 positive also underwent histo-pathological examination by and colposcopy.The results in two groups were discussed:LCT + HC-Ⅱ group (424 patients) and LCT + PCR12+2 group (421 patients).Results (1) There was no significant difference in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) Ⅱ or above disease between LCT + HC-Ⅱ group and LCT + PCR12+2 group (x2 =3.35,P ＞ 0.05).Sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value and negative predictive value for detection of CIN Ⅱ or above using HC-Ⅱ and PCR12 +2 were 77.8％,79.4％,20.4％,98.1％ and 96.3％,78.2％,23.2％,99.7％,respectively.(2) In LCT + PCR12+2 group,it was found 34 women with HPV16 positive,5 women with HPV 18 positive including 1 women combined with HPV 16 positive,74 women with other high risk HPV positive and 309 women with HPV negative.Compared to the infection of other high-risk HPV types,HPV 16 and HPV 18 infection leads to a higher chance of cervical lesions with CIN Ⅱ or above [51.3％(20/39) and 8.1％ (6/74)].(3) A significant difference of causing cervical cancer and CIN Ⅱ or above was found among women who were infected with HPV 16 and/or HPV 18 infection,with other high-risk HPV types and negative in high-risk HPV infection (x2 =93.98,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion LCT combined with PCR genotyping HPV could identify CIN Ⅱ or above disease efficiently.

Objective To investigate characteristics of cervical cytology and management in pregnant women. Methods From Aug. 2006 to Jan. 2010, 5152 pregnant women who received antenatal and postpartum examination underwent cervical cytological screening by liquid-based cytological test (LCT)in China-Japan Friendship Hospital. The cytological diagnosis was in accordance with the Bethesda system (TBS) 2001 diagnosis and classification system.The abnormal LCT results were followed up at 3 months after postpartum. The diagnosis of high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) were based on colposcopic examination and biopsy during pregnant. The diagnosis of atypical glandular cells(AGC) was based on curettage and biopsy at postpartum 6 weeks. The histopathology of biopsy were compared and analyzed. Results ( 1 ) Cervical cytological changes related with pregnancy:among 5152 cases, it was found navicular cells in 3215 cases (62. 40% ), decidual cells in 783 cases ( 15.20% ), reactive glandular cells in 369 cases (7. 16% ), and trophoblastic cells in 55 cases (1.07%). (2) LCT results: among 5152 cases, the normal samples were 4125 cases (80.07%), the inflammatory samples were 542 cases (10.52%), and the samples of abnormal epithelial cells were 485cases (9.41%). Among those abnormal cases, 291 cases (5.65%) were in atypical squamous cells (ASC), 153 cases (2. 97%) were in low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL), 33 cases (0. 64%) were in HSIL, 1 case ( 0. 02% ) were in SCC and 7 cases (0. 14% ) were in AGC. (3)Histological pathology results: all women with HSIL and SCC underwent colposcopic examination and biopsy,it was found 28 cases in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) Ⅱ - Ⅲ, 1 cases in adenosquamous carcinoma. 7 women underwent curettage and biopsy at postpartum 6 weeks which were diagnosed by AGC,the histopathological diagnosis was all negative. The concordance rate of cytopathologic and histopathologic diagnosis was 71%(29/41). (4) Follow-up: 485 women with abnormal LCT results were all followed up to 3 months at postpartum. Women with HSIL, SCC and AGC undergoing biopsy showed normal LCT results during follow-up. Those women with ASC and LSIL did not undergo colposcopic examination and biopsy. The regression rate was 72.3% (321/444) at postpartum 3 months. Conclusions The navicular cells were primarily morphological characteristics of cytology during pregnant and postpartum women. Some changes were easily confused with malignant lesions. It should be careful discrimination, and avoid excessively diagnosis and misdiagnosis. It suggested that we should follow up those women closely and expand the indication of colposcopic biopsy.

AIM To explore the effects of Sangtong alkaloids (total alkaloids and total flavones from Mori folium,STA) on the random blood glucose,starch tolerance and hepatic insulin resistance in db/db mice with type 2 diabetes mellitus.METHODS Eight-week-old db/db mice were divided into model group (normal saline),acarbose group (39 mg/kg) and Sangtong alkaloids groups (105,210 and 420 mg/kg),db/m mice were used as control group (normal saline).The mice were given by intragastric administration for one hundred days.The random blood glucose of mice was determined every ten days.The starch tolerance was determined in the 100th day,together with the determination of serum insulin level,insulin resistance index and insulin sensitivity index.Histopathology changes of pancreas were observed by HE staining.Protein expressions of P-IRS1,P-PI3 K,P-AKT and GLUT2 were detected by Western blot.RESULTS Sangtong alkaloids significantly decreased the random blood glucose,serum insulin level and insulin resistance index,and increased the insulin sensitivity index in db/db mice.Meanwhile,Sangtong alkaloids ameliorated the pancreas histopathological damage and up-regulated the protein expressions of P-IRS1,P-PI3K,P-AKT and GLUT2 in liver.CONCLUSION Sangtong alkaloids can decrease the random blood glucose and improve the insulin resistance of liver in db/db mice with type 2 diabetes mellitus,whose mechanism may be associated with the regulation of hepatic insulin signal pathway.

Antibody Formation ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Hepatitis B ; prevention & control ; Hepatitis B Antibodies ; blood ; Hepatitis B Vaccines ; immunology ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Male

Objective To know the immunologic response at different periods with different hepatitis B vaccine(HepB)in infants.Methods From July 1 to December 31 in 2009,the local infants born from hepatitis B virus(HBV)surface antigen (HBsAg)negative mother in Ninghai were selected and received a 0.5 ml of 5 -μg HepB made by recombinant deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)techniques in saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast (HepB -SCY)and those in Yuyao were selected and received a 0.5 ml of 10 -μg HepB made by recombinant DNA techniques in hansenula polymorpha yeast (HepB -HPY)with a 0 -1 -6 month schedule.The specimens of blood were collected at 7 months,12 months and 18 months after vaccination for testing antibody.Results At 7 months,12 months and 18 months after vaccination,the geometric mean concentration (GMC)of Anti -HBs in HepB -SCY group were 714.79 ±3.50 mIU /mL,259.89 ± 3.87 mIU /mL and 78.38 ±4.04 mIU /mL,respectively.While in HepB -HPY group were 2 420.76 ±3.51 mIU /mL, 703.55 ±3.46 mIU /mL and 171.32 ±3.76 mIU /mL,respectively.There was statistical significant difference of GMC between HepB -SCY group and HepB -HPY group(P <0.01).The percent of antibody <100 mIU /mL in HepB -SCY group were 6.39%,23.33% and 55.42%,and in HepB -HPY group,were 2.17%,5.17% and 31.95%,respectively. The difference between HepB -SCY group and HepB -HPY group had significantly statistical significance (P <0.01 ). Conclusion The immunologic response at different periods of HepB -HPY was better than that of HepB -SCY.

In clinical cerebral perfusion CT examination, repeated scanning the region of interest in the cine mode increases the radiation dose of the patients, while decreasing the radiation dose by lowering the scanning current results in poor image quality and affects the clinical diagnosis. We propose a penalized weighted least-square (PWLS) method for recovering the projection data to improve the quality of low-dose cerebral perfusion CT imaged. This method incorporates the statistical distribution characteristics of brain perfusion CT projection data and uses the statistical properties of the projection data for modeling. The PWLS method was used to recover the data, and the Gauss-Seidel (GS) method was employed for iterative solving. Adaptive weighting is introduced between the original projection data and the projection data after PWLS restoration. The experimental results on the clinical data demonstrated that the PWLS-based sinogram restoration method improved noise reduction and artifact suppression as compared with the conventional noise reduction methods, and better retained the edges and details to generate better cerebral perfusion maps.
Algorithms ; Artifacts ; Cerebrum ; diagnostic imaging ; Humans ; Least-Squares Analysis ; Radiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of detector performance during digital breast tomography (DBT) projection data acquisition on reconstructed image quality.

METHODSWith reference to the traditional detector data correction method and the specific data acquisition pattern in DBT imaging, we utilized dark field correction, light field and its gain correction for processing the projection data collected by the detector. The reconstructed images were evaluated using iterative reconstruction method based on total generalized variation (TGV).

RESULTSIn physical breast phantom experiment, the proposed method resulted in a reduced Heel effect caused by nonuniform photon number. The reconstructed DBT images after correction showed obviously improved image quality especially in the details with a low contrast.

CONCLUSIONThe dark field correction, light field and its gain correction process for DBT image reconstruction can improve the image quality.

The purposes of the present study were to investigate the inhibitory effect of quercetin (QUE) preconditioning on endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) inducer tunicamycin (TM)-induced apoptosis in RAW264.7 macrophages and the underlying molecular mechanisms. RAW264.7 cells were pretreated with different concentrations (20, 40, and 80 μmol/L) of QUE for 30 min and then treated with TM (5 mg/L) for 12 h. Cell viability and apoptosis were determined using MTT assay and Annexin V-FITC apoptosis detection kit, respectively. The nuclear translocation of activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6) in cells was detected by immunofluorescence analysis and Western blot. Protein and mRNA expressions of C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP) and Bcl-2 were examined by Western blot and real-time PCR, respectively. The results showed that TM reduced cell viability and induced apoptosis in RAW264.7 macrophages. The cytotoxic effects of TM were significantly inhibited by QUE pretreatment at the concentrations of 40 and 80 μmol/L. Interestingly, we found that QUE also significantly suppressed the TM-induced translocation of ATF6, an ERS sensor, from the cytoplasm to the nucleus. In addition, exposure of RAW264.7 macrophages to TM resulted in a significant increase of the expression of CHOP, a transcription factor regulated by ATF6 under conditions of ERS, as well as a decrease of Bcl-2 at transcript and protein levels. QUE blocked these effects in a dose-dependent manner. These data indicate that QUE can protect RAW264.7 cells from TM-induced apoptosis and that the mechanism at least partially involves its ability to inhibit the ATF6-CHOP signaling pathway.
Activating Transcription Factor 6 ; metabolism ; Animals ; Apoptosis ; Cell Survival ; Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress ; Macrophages ; cytology ; drug effects ; Mice ; Quercetin ; pharmacology ; Transcription Factor CHOP ; metabolism ; Tunicamycin ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of Tongsaimai (TSM) tablets in treating foot trauma of diabetic foot (DF) model rats, and discuss its potential mechanism.

METHODMale SD rats were selected to duplicate the diabetic foot ulcer model and randomly divided into the blank control group, the model group, the metformin treatment group, and TSM 12.44, 6.22, 3.11 g x kg(-1) groups (n = 10). The healing of ulcer wounds were observed on day 1, 4, 8, 13 and 18. After 18 days, a histopathologic examination was conducted for ulcer tissues. The contents of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were detected by hydroxylamine and TBA methods. The content of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) were determined with the radioimmunoassay. The immunohistochemical method was used to observe the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in ulcer tissues and the number of capillary vessels.

RESULTTSM could alleviate the pathological changes of diabetic foot rats, accelerate the ulcer healing on 4, 8, 13, 18 d, reduce MDA, IL-6, TNF-alpha, VEGF content in rat serum at 18 d (after the rehabilitation period), and enhance the SOD content. Specifically, the TSM 12.44 g x kg(-1) group showed significant differences compared with the model group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). At 18 d after the treatment (the late rehabilitation period), the VEGF expression of TSM 12.44, 6.22 g x kg(-1) groups and the number of blood capillaries of the TSM 12.44 g x kg(-1) group were significantly lower than that of the model group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONTSM could promote the foot wound healing of DF model rats, reduce MDA, IL-6 and TNF-alpha levels in serum, increase the SOD content and decrease the VEGF expression and the number of blood capillaries in the late rehabilitation period. Its action mechanism may be related to the inhibition of oxidative stress injury and the inflammatory cell infiltration.

Animals ; Diabetic Foot ; drug therapy ; genetics ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Humans ; Interleukin-6 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Male ; Malondialdehyde ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Superoxide Dismutase ; genetics ; metabolism ; Tablets ; administration & dosage ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; genetics ; metabolism ; Wound Healing ; drug effects