Objective To study the constituents in water-extracts from Flos Lonicerae. Methods Compounds were isolated and purified by using various column chromatography such as D101, Sephadex LH-20, and silica gel, etc. Their structures were identified on the basis of physical and spectral data. Results Seven secoiridoid glycosides were obtained and identified as vogeloside (Ⅰ), 7-epi-vogeloside (Ⅱ), secologanic acid (Ⅲ), sweroside (Ⅳ), secoxyloganin (Ⅴ), secologanoside (Ⅵ), (E)-aldosecologanin (Ⅶ). Conclusion Among them, compounds Ⅲ and Ⅵ are firstly obtained from the plants in Lonicera L. The structure of compound Ⅶ is rare in nature so far.

OBJECTIVETo explore the expression of p-p38 MAPK protein and the number of astrocytes expressing p-p38 MAPK in CA1 hippocampus in rats during the induction of brain ischemic tolerance induced by intermittent hypobaric hypoxia (IH) preconditioning.

METHODSThirty healthy adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 6 groups (n = 5 in each group): sham 0 min group, IH + sham 0 min group, sham 7 d group, IH + sham 7 d group, Ischemia (Is) 7 d group, and IH + Is 7 d group. Neuropathological evaluation was performed by thionine staining in CA1 hippocampus in rats. The expression of p-p38 MAPK in CA1 hippocampus was observed by immunohistochemical staining. And the number of astrocytes expressing p-p38 MAPK was observed by immunofluorescent double labeling.

RESULTSThe results showed that IH preconditioning induced brain ischemic tolerance successfully. At the same time, IH preconditioning obviously up-regulated the expression of p-p38 MAPK protein in CA1 hippocampus, and also increased the number of astrocytes expressing p-p38 MAPK.

CONCLUSIONIt might be concluded that IH preconditioning induced brain ischemic tolerance by up-regulating the expression of p-p38 MAPK protein in pyramidal neurones and astrocytes.

Animals ; Astrocytes ; enzymology ; pathology ; Brain Ischemia ; enzymology ; pathology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Hippocampus ; enzymology ; Hypoxia ; Ischemic Preconditioning ; methods ; Male ; Phosphorylation ; Pressure ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases ; metabolism

Objective To investigate the feasibility of sigrnoid coloplasty for patients after resection of middle or low rectal carcinoma, and to evaluate the defecation function after the operation. Methods Forty-three patients with middle or low rectal cancer who had been admitted to the cancer Hospital of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences from January 2007 to January 2008 received sigrnoid coloplasty after rectal carcinoma resection (treatment group), and another 43 patients who had been admitted during the same period received colonic J pouch reconstruction (control group). The feasibility and safety of the 2 surgical procedures and postoperative defecation function were assessed. All data were processed by t test, chi-square test or Fisher exact probability. Results The sigmoid coloplasty was successfully performed in all patients in treatment group, while the reconstruction of the J pouch failed in 4 patients in the control group. Three patients in each group underwent temporary transverse colostomy. The incidences of postoperative complications in treatment group and control group were 7% (3/43) and 9% (4/43), respectively, with no statistical difference between the 2 groups (X2 =0. 282, P > 0.05). The median frequency of defecation in treatment group was 2.0 ± 1.5 per 24 hours, which was significantly less than 2.5 ± 1.0 in control group (X2 = 1. 242, P > 0.05). The fecal incontinence scores in treatment group and control group were 1.7 ± 0. 7 and 1.6 ± 0.8, respectively, with no statistical difference between the 2 groups (t = 0. 285, P > 0. 05). Conclusion Sigmoid coloplasty has similar benefits to colonic J pouch reconstruction, while sigmoid eoloplasty is relatively feasible, effective and safe for low colorectal or coloanal anastomosis.

Objective To investigate the pathologic features, diagnosis and differential diagnosis of inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) in urinary bladder. Methods It was retrospectively reviewed for the characters of pathologic features and immunohistochemistry type in 3 patients diagnosed IMT in urinary bladder. Results 3 patients including 1 female and 2 male were 15, 36 and 60 years old (mean age 37),respectively. All patients underwent partial cystectomy. All cases presented single or multiple, polypoid or nodular mass(es), ranging in size from 1.8 to 5.5 cm. Microscopically, the tumor cell grew in invasive pattern, and were spindled with prominent nucleoli. The lesions varied from highly myxoid to highly cellular lesions. The mitotic rates were invisible. AE1/AE3, CK18 and ALK were positive in IMT. Follow-up was available for 3 patients (2, 18 and 18 months, respectively). None developed recurrences or metastasis. Conclusion IMT in urinary bladder are rare tumors. IMT grows in invasive pattern, and are spindled with prominent nucleoli.The main differential diagnosis of IMT includes embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma in juvenile, sarcomatoid urothelial carcinoma and leiomyosarcoma in adult.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the clinical outcome of accessory navicular fusion for treatment of the painful accessory navicular bone of type II in adults.

METHODSFrom June 2006 to June 2012, a total of 38 feet (in 35 adult patients) with painful accessory navicular with type I underwent an fusion operation of the primary and accessory navicular bones,including 26 males and 9 females with a mean age of (32.4±7.3) years old ranging from 18 to 44 years old. The course of disease ranged from 3 to 10 months. The perioperative complications and radiological outcomes were observed and recorded. The foot function before and after operation were assessed by the American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) midfoot score, and the easement of the pain was evaluated by visual analog score (VAS).

RESULTSTwo patients had transient superficial inflammation of the incision, no obvious perioperative complications occurred. All patients were follow-up for (53.5±14.7) months (12 to 84 months). Bone union was confirmed on plain radiography in 32 cases (35 feet). The mean time from the operation to union was (13.7±2.3) weeks (9 to 18 weeks). Postoperative pain VAS score was improved obviosly than preoperative (V=12.14,P< 0.01). The talar-to-first metatarsal angle [(9.4±3.5)° vs (8.3±2.7)°, t=0.736, P>0.05)], calcaneal tilt angle [(17.7±2.2)° vs (18.9±3.4)°, t=0.794, P>0.05],talonavicular uncoverage angle [(14.3±3.4)° vs(12.5?4.6)°,t=0.947, P>0.05) ],and height of the first tarsometatarsal joint [(14.8±3.1) mm vs (15.9±2.8) mm,t=0.814,P>0.05)] before and after operations had no statistic difference. The AOFAS midfoot score was improced from preoperative 45.6±5.3 to postoperative 82.5±7.4 (t=3.214,P< 0.01).

CONCLUSIONFor the painful accessory navicular bone of type II in adults, if the patient has a large navicular bone and not complicated with rigid flatfoot, once the conservative treatment fails, fusion of the primary and accessory naviculars may be a successful intervention. Overall, the procedure provides reliable pain relief, definite foot function improvement, and good patient satisfaction.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Foot Diseases ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Tarsal Bones ; abnormalities ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo investigate the differences between clinicopathological features and prognosis of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) negative (AFP < 20 ng/ml) and positive (AFP ≥ 20 ng/ml) hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients.

METHODSClinicopathological data of 142 AFP-negative and 109 AFP-positive HCC patients who underwent RO radical hepatectomy in the Cancer Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences between January 2006 and December 2011 were retrospectively reviewed and analyzed in this study.

RESULTSCompared with the AFP-negative patients, a higher female to male sex ratio, the later Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer ( BCLC) stage, more liver capsule invasion and poorer Edmondson-Steiner grade were in the AFP-positive cases (P < 0.05 for all). Furthermore, the 1-, 3-, and 5- year overall survival rates were 94.4%, 82.4% and 61.0% in the AFP-negative group and 87.2%, 61.1% and 40.2%, respectively, in the AFP-positive group (P < 0.001). The multivariate analysis with Cox's proportional hazards model showed that AFP status, tumor size and Edmondson-Steiner grade are independent risk factors for survival of all the patients (P < 0.05) , and large tumor and Edmondson-Steiner grades III/IV are independent risk factors for worse survival in AFP-negative patients (P < 0.05). However, large tumor diameter was proved to be an independent risk factor leading to poor prognosis of AFP-positive cases (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONHigh levels of AFP indicate that the tumors are more malignant and with unfavorable prognosis.

Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; chemistry ; mortality ; pathology ; surgery ; Female ; Hepatectomy ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; chemistry ; mortality ; pathology ; surgery ; Male ; Multivariate Analysis ; Prognosis ; Proportional Hazards Models ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Survival Rate ; alpha-Fetoproteins ; analysis

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the early clinical and radiographic outcome of scaphoid non-unions treated with Acutrak headless compression screw.

METHODSFrom January 2008 to July 2011,21 patients with scaphoid non-union were treated in our department. There were 18 males and 3 females with a mean age of (23.6 +/- 4.6) years; 12 cases were on right hand and 9 were on left. According to Herbert-Fisher classification, there were 10 cases with type D1, 7 cases with type D2, 3 cases with type D3, and 1 case with type D4. The mean time from injury to operation was (12.4 +/- 2.7) months. All patients were treated with Acutrak headless compression screw fixation (6 cases received 2 screws fixation, 15 cases received 1 screw fixation, and Matti-Russe bone grafting was applied in 7 cases). The carpal height, the scaphoid index and changes of the scapholunate angle were assessed before and after the operation. Range of motion and grip strength were recorded and the wrist function was assessed according to the Patient-Rated Wrist Evaluation (PRWE).

RESULTSAverage duration of follow-up was (21.3 +/- 3.6) months. All the patients attained radiological union in a mean time of (13.3 +/- 2.4) weeks following the operation. No obvious complications were recorded. The surgical treatment allowed the preoperative mean scaphoid index of 0.61 +/- 0.13 and the preoperative mean scapholunate angle of (59.4 +/- 6.8) degree to be improved to 0.69 +/- 0.10 and (44.3 +/- 8.2)degree postoperatively, respectively. There was a substantial improvement in grip strength and pain amelioration after surgery. The preoperative mean PRWE score of 45.2 +/- 4.7 was improved to 76.1 +/- 5.2 postoperatively. All patients returned back to the original work,the average time from surgery to work was (6.0 +/- 1.1) months.

CONCLUSIONFor scaphoid non-unions, Acutrak headless compression screw fixation can provide anatomical reduction, provide satisfactory results with a high union rate, well return of function and minimal complications in the early stage.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Bone Screws ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; Fractures, Ununited ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Range of Motion, Articular ; Scaphoid Bone ; injuries ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Treatment Outcome ; Wrist Injuries ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Wrist Joint ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo explore the dynamic changes of transforming growth factor-α (TGF-α) and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) of liver cirrhosis induced by multiple pathogenic factors in rats.

METHODSAnimals in the cirrhosis group were fed a mixture of maize flour, lard, cholesterol and alcohol plus subcutaneously injection with carbon tetrachloride (CCl₄), the CCl₄(0.5 ml/100 g · w) was injected at the first day of experiment and the 40% CCl₄oil solution (0.3 ml /100 g · w) was injected at an interval of three days. The thirty-six male SD rats were randomly divided into liver cirrhosis group of the 4th, 6th and 8 th week, and normal control group of the 4th, 6th and 8th week. The contents of alanine transferase (ALT), endotoxin, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and homocysteine (Hcy) in plasma were evaluated. Histopathological changes of the liver were observed under microscope with the staining of HE. The expressions of TGF-α and TGF-β1 were analyzed by the method of immunohistochemistry.

RESULTSCompared with the corresponding normal control group, the levels of ALT, endotoxin, TNF-α and Hcy in plasma were gradually significantly increased in liver cirrhosis group of the 4th, 6th and 8th week (P < 0.05); the expression of TGF-α in the liver tissues was significantly increased at the 4th week (P < 0.05); the expression of TGF-β1 in the liver tissues was gradually significantly increased in every model group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONIn the formation process of cirrhosis, the expression of TGF-α was increased in liver of cirrhosis group at the 4th week, and later it was suppressed; the expression of TGF-β1 was continuously increased. The characteristic dynamic changes of TGF-α and TGF-β1 might be related to sustained endotoxemia, the high level of TNF-α and hyperhomocysteinemia.

Alanine Transaminase ; blood ; Animals ; Carbon Tetrachloride ; Endotoxins ; blood ; Homocysteine ; blood ; Liver Cirrhosis ; metabolism ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Transforming Growth Factor alpha ; metabolism ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1 ; metabolism ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; blood ; metabolism

Objective To evaluate the clinical effect of reversed nasolabial flap pedicled with superior labial artery for the recon-struction of nasal and infraorbital defects .Methods From September 2006 to May 2013 ,13 cases with large nasal and infraorbital defects were reconstructed by the reversed nasolabial flap pedicled with superior labial artery .In all patients these defects were re-sulted by the excision of carcinomas .The disease course ranged from 2 months to 28 years .The size of nasal and infraorbital defects was from 2 .0 cm × 1 .2 cm to 4 .0 cm × 3 .6 cm .All defects were restored by the reversed nasolabial flap pedicled with superior labial artery in 10 cases and by the island flap in 3 cases .The size of flap was similar to that of defects .The donor areas were sutured di-rectly .Results All flaps were completely survived .The incision at the donor and accepted sites healed in the first stage .In 4 pa-tients flap revision was performed after 6-12 months because of mild swelling at the pedicles of skin flaps .Patients were followed up for 4-60 months (the mean was 28 .4 months) .All patients were satisfied with the nasal ventilatory function and appearance , flap texture and color .No obvious scars were found at donor sites .Conclusion Reversed nasolabial flap pedicled with superior labial artery is a better choice to repair the nasal and infraorbital defect after excision of carcinomas .

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of applying Manujet III manual jet ventilation to remove tracheo-bronchial foreign bodies in children. METHOD: Before 2009, 62 patients, using the controlled positive pressure ventilation through the side holes of the rigid bronchoscopy, is signed as group P. Another group J ,from January 2009 to January 2012, 48 cases, utilizing Manujet III device manual jet ventilation. The satisfaction rate at placed in bronchoscopy, intraoperative hypoxia. removal of foreign body situation, operative time, incidence of adverse reactions were recorded and contrasted. RESULT: The difference of satisfaction rate in placing endoscopy between the two groups was not statistically significant (P>0.05). But in operative time, intraoperative hypoxia, incidence of adverse reaction rate was statistically significant (P<0.05), J group is better than the group P. CONCLUSION In the tracheobronchial foreign bodies removal, application Manujet III device to manual jet ventilation can reduce the incidence of intraoperative hypoxia, easier to surgical operation.
Bronchi ; Bronchoscopy ; methods ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Foreign Bodies ; surgery ; High-Frequency Jet Ventilation ; Humans ; Infant ; Intermittent Positive-Pressure Ventilation ; Male ; Trachea