Animals ; Guanylate Cyclase ; metabolism ; Hypercapnia ; metabolism ; Hypoxia ; metabolism ; Lung ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear ; metabolism ; Soluble Guanylyl Cyclase

Objective To analysis the clinical manifestations of mtDNA A3243G mutation in adulthood.Methods The clinical features were investigated in 36 cases (28 patients from 5 families with the mutation and 8 sporadic cases),in whom mtDNA A3243G mutation was confirmed genetically in 23 cases (15 cases from 5 mutation families and 8 sporadic cases).Cranium radiology was performed in 14 cases.Muscal biopsies were performed in l0 cases.Results Among 28 cases in the 5 family,there were 9 cases (32.1%) with stroke like episodes,17 cases (60.7%) with diabetic mellitus and 16 cases (57.1%) with deafness.Such symptoms usually combined with each other and rarely existed alone. Cardiomyopathy and renal failure were uncommon.In the 23 cases with mtDNA A3243G mutation,14 cases (61.0%) had mitochondria] myopathy,encephalopathy,lactic acidosis,and stroke-like episodes (MELAS),mostly presenting cognitive abnormalities,dysarthria or aphasia and headache,3 cases (13.0%) were asymptomatic carriers,2 cases (8.7%) had autonomic dysfunction,2 cases (8.7%) had diabetic mellitus with or without nerve deafness,1 case (4.3%) had diabetic mellitus with infertilitas and cardiomyopathy,respectively.Cranial radiological images revealed the changes more commonly in the temporal and occipital lobes and less frequently in the frontal lobes.Ragged red fibers were confirmed in 9 of 10 cases with muscle biopsies.The proportion of mutant mtDNA A3243C was not significantly different between MEALS (28.75%?13.69%) and non-MELAS (25.08%?11.54%).Conclusions mtDNA A3243G mutation mainly results in the lesions in the central nerve system,pancreatic island and acoustic nerve in adulthood.Heart and kidney are less frequently involved.Cognitive abnormalities,aphasia and headache are the major symptoms of adult MELAS.Families have with more than 1 patient with diabetic mellitus and deafness,indicating that the mutation is other than MELAS mutation.We should pay more attention to the non-MELAS symptoms in the families with mtDNA A3243G mutation.

The general characteristics, outcomes and risk factors of the patients with aortic dissection (AD) were evaluated in a single medical center. From January 2002 to December 2008, 284 patients with AD were treated and followed-up at our institution, including 105 cases of type A AD and 179 cases of type B AD. The patients in each type were divided into three groups according to management: medical treatment group (A or B), open surgery group (A or B), and stent-graft group (A or B). The characteristics and follow-up outcomes were compared between the groups or subgroups. The results showed that there was significant difference in the prognosis for type A AD between medical treatment group and open surgery group, but there was no significant difference in the prognosis for type B AD between medical treatment group and stent-graft group. Independent risk factors of follow-up mortality for patients with type A AD included a history of atherosclerosis (HR, 3.807; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.489 to 7.611; P=0.003), in-hospital hypotension/shock (HR, 4.687; 95% CI, 1.846 to 11.900; P=0.001), in-hospital myocardial ischemia or infarction (HR, 3.734; 95% CI, 1.613 to 8.643; P=0.002), pleural effusion (HR, 2.210; 95% CI, 1.080 to 4.521; P=0.030), branch vessel involvement (HR, 2.747; 95% CI, 1.202 to 6.278; P=0.016) and surgical treatment (HR, 0.177; 95% CI, 0.063 to 0.502; P=0.001). And there were insignificant independent predictors for mortality of the patients with type B AD. It was concluded that there were significant differences in characteristics and one year mortality between type A AD and type B AD, but after one year, there was no significant difference in the mortality and complications of them. There were several discordant risk factors of AD, such as female gender, age, thrombus, abrupt onset of pain that were considered as the risk factors in some papers. And there was no definite risk factor of mortality in this study in the patients with type B AD.

Objective To observe the therapeutic effects of low frequency ultrasound enhanced thrombolysis (LFUET) on acute cerebral infarction (ACI) in rats.Methods The ACI animal models were established by injec- ting auto-thrombus into the rats' left middle cerebral arteries.They were then treated with urokinase,and received transcranial LFUET treatment at the same time.Nervous system functioning was assessed using NSS,and infarct vol- umes (IVs) were measured through tetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining.Results The NSS scores in the large- dose urokinase group (LDU group),the ultrasound plus small-dose urokinase group (USMU group) and in the in- farct group (Ⅰgroup) at 24 h after treatment were significantly lower than those before treatment.IVs in the two treat- ment groups are lower than those in theⅠgroup,but there was no significant difference between the LDU group and USMU group volumes.Conclusion LFUET can accelerate the recovery of nervous system function in rats after ACI,minimize IVs,and reduce the required dosage of urokinase.

OBJECTIVETO establish a RP-HPLC method for the determination of calycosin-7-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside in Radix Astragali, and to analyse the calycosin-7-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside content of ten samples of Radix Astragali, collected from different regions.

METHODA Polaris C18(250 mm x 4.6 mm, 5 microns) column was used and a mixture of methanol-water (30:70) was used as the mobile phase at a flow rate of 1.0 mL.min-1. The column temperature was 25 degrees C and the UV detection wavelength was 254 nm.

RESULTThe calibration curve was in good linearity over the range of 0.0106-2.12 micrograms with the regression equation Y = 3035. 97 X - 14.85(r = 0.9999). The average recovery was 95.8% (n = 5, RSD = 1.3%).

CONCLUSIONThe method is simple, quick, sensitive and reproducible. In all of the samples, the calycosin-7-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside contents differ markedly.

Astragalus membranaceus ; chemistry ; classification ; China ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Ecosystem ; Glucosides ; analysis ; Isoflavones ; analysis ; Plant Roots ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Quality Control ; Species Specificity

AIMTo investigate the changes in the expression of four kinds of calcium regulatory proteins mRNA on the isolated ischemia/ reperfusion (IR) hearts.

METHODSThe rat hearts were divided into two groups: control group and IR group which received 45 min exposure to Krebs-Henseleit solution after 15 min zero-flow global ischemia. The indexes of left ventricular function, such as LVDP, +dp/dt(max), -dp/dt(max), and an arrhythmia scoring system were compared between the two groups. The messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) amount of sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca2+ ATPase (SERCA), phospholamban (PLB), inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor2 (IP3R2) and ryanodine receptor2 (RyR2) was measured by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and normalized to the mRNA levels of beta-actin.

RESULTSIn the IR group, LVDP, +dp/dt(max) and -dp/dt(min) of the isolated hearts were depressed and the high rate of arrhythmias occurred during reperfusion. The levels of SERCA, IP3R2, RyR2 mRNA were lower in the IR isolated hearts group than those in the control group, while there was no difference in the level of phospholamban.

CONCLUSIONThese data suggest that myocardial ischemia/reperfusion can induce the depression of cardiac performance and an increased risk of arrhythmias, concomitant with the decrease in SERCA, IP3R2, RyR2 mRNA steady state levels.

Animals ; Myocardial Reperfusion Injury ; metabolism ; Myocardium ; metabolism ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Calcium-Transporting ATPases ; genetics ; metabolism

OBJECTIVEEplets mismatch based on HLAMatchmaker software evaluates the clinical application of kidney transplantation.

METHODSIn 239 cases of renal transplant,merits of methods of the traditional HLA six antigen matcheing criteria, cross reaction groups standard and Eplets mismatch based on HLAMatchmaker standard were compared respectively.

RESULTSThe number of mismatchs with three methods in 239 cases, were grouped according to low-high mismatchs. The results revealed that HLAMatchmaker algorithm could significantly increase the number of low mismatchs group 54 (22.6%), compared with the HIA group 19(7.9%) and CREGs group 32 (13.4%). The comparison was discovered statistical significance among the three groups (P<0.001), so the comparison between each group was.

CONCLUSIONHLAMachmaker of donor-recipients matching, is a more efficient, time-saving and high sensitivity matching solution to allograft renal transplantation.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Histocompatibility Testing ; methods ; Humans ; Kidney Transplantation ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Software ; Transplantation, Homologous ; Young Adult

Objective To explore the effect of U0126 [specific inhibitor of extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2)] and dexamethasone on the protein expression of phosphorylation of ERK1/2 (p-ERK1/2),interleukin 32 (IL-32) and mucins 5 ac (Muc5ac) in lung tissue in asthmatic mice.Methods Forty model mice of bronchial asthma were randomly divided into model group and test A,B,C groups,with 10 mice per group.Another 10 normal mice were selected as control group.Model group was given ovalbumin (OVA) 0.2 mL on the day 1 and 13 by intraperitoneal injection,and the inhalation of 5％ OVA with 30 rain per time for 5 d began on the 19th day.Test A,B,C groups were given 2 mg· kg-1 dexamethasone,30 mg · kg-1 U0126 and dimethylsulfoxide 0.2 mL with intraperitoneal injection,respectively,which was before the treatment of inhalation,and another treatment was the same as model group.Control group was given 0.9％ NaCl,and another treatment was also the same as model group.The expression of IL-32 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.The protein expression of Muc5ac,p-ERK1/2 and IL-32 in lung tissue were measured by immunohistochemical method.Results The main indexes in model and test A,B groups were compared:the optical density (OD) ofIL-32 were(0.81 ±0.25),(0.34 ±0.06) and (0.37 ±0.12),the integral optical density (IOD) of Muc5ac were (54462.97 ±6907.17),(7904.62 ± 1639.96) and (7447.74 ± 1233.68),the IOD of p-ERK were (95621.04± 11112.78),(10225.53 ± 1456.72) and (10718.69 ± 2554.13),the IOD of IL-32 were (44870.78 ±7330.11),(15075.80 ± 3490.51) and (16847.16 ± 3485.83).The differences were statistically significant between model group and test A,B groups (all P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion Both p-ERK1/2 and IL-32 were involved the expression and secretion of Muc5ac in asthmatic mice,and they were synergistic.

Objective To investigate the influence of Nan-stress test (NST) and abnormal umbilical blood flow S/D on fetus in late pregnancy, and to explore the effective nursing. Methods A total of 105 cases with abnormal NST, above 25 weeks pregnancy, were selected to be undergone umbilical blood flow graph and effective nursing interventions. Retrospective data of 98 cases were selected as control group. Results According to the results of NST positive eases of the case group, 103 cases with NST Fischer score 5 ～7(98.1% ), 2cases with less than 4 ( 1.9% ). Umbilical blood flow S/D of 87 cases were normal ( 82.9% ), 16 cases were mild abnormity( 15.2% ), 2 cases were severe abnormality( 1.9% ). Umbihcal blood flow S/D of mild abnormity was (3.716±0.432), it became lower (3. 132±0.398) after Oxygen was given to the cases. The rates of fetal distress ,neonatal asphyxia, low birth wight neonatal and perinatal mortality in case group were lower than that of the control group. Conclusions NST and umbilical blood flow monitoring should be done as routine tests in late pregnancy in order to detect the fetal abnormal potential reserve, carry into effective monitoring and nursing and reduce neonatal complications , asphyxia and perinatal mortality.

Objective To investigate the nursing actions in the different periods of emergencydepartment, giving evidence for manning level of emergency department. Methods The investigators who hodaccepted a unified training recorded the 24-hours direct nursing hours, indirect nursing hours, relative nursinghours, personal action times and times of waiting for patients of the nursing staff worked in that clay by means oftable record through a continuous observation method, then calculated and compared with the present manninglevel. Results The quantities of nursing actions in the different periods of emergency department were different.The periods of 14:30 to 17:30 and 17:30 to 22:00 were the busiest job times that each nurse worked for 45minutes on average. Conclusions Since there are much nursing actions in the period of 17:30 to 22:00, morenursing hours are needed. Managers should deal with the period of waiting for patients and the period when lessnursing hours are needed and make a reasonable arrangement.