Objective: To study the expressions of human papillomavirus type 16/ 18-E6 (HPV16/18-E6), p53, and murine double minute-2 (MDM2) proteins in patients with laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) and their relationship with the development/progression of LSCC. Methods: The expressions of HPV16/18-E6, p53, and MDM2 proteins were detected by immunohistochemical method in 72 LSCC specimens, 24 specimens of precancerous larynx, 15 specimens of vocal cord polyp, and 8 normal laryngeal specimens, and their relations with clinicopathological factors of LSCC were statistically analyzed. Results: The positive rates of HPV16/18-E6 protein in the normal laryngeal, vocal cord polyp, precancerous larynx, and LSCC specimens were 0(0/8), 6.7%(1/15), 12.5%(3/24), and 37.5%(27/72); of p53 protein were 0(0/8), 13.3%(2/15), 25.0%(6/24), and 52.8%(38/72); and of MDM2 protein were 0(0/8), 6.7%(1/15), 37.5%(9/24), and 70.8%(51/72), respectively. The expressions of HPV16/18-E6, p53, and MDM2 were significantly different between the vocal cord polyp, the precacerous larynx, and the LSCC (P<0.05). The positive rates of HPV16/18-E6 and MDM2 protein in LSCC specimens increased significantly with the increase of histopathological grades (I-III) (P<0.05). The positive rates of HPV16/18-E6 protein were positively correlated with the clinical staging and lymph nodes metastasis of LSCC (P<0.05). The expression of p53 was positively correlated with the expression of HPV16/18-E6 and MDM2 in LSCC patients (P<0.05). Conclusion: Inactivationo the p53 pathway and overexpression of HPV16/ 18-E6 and MDM2 may contribute to the genesis-of human laryngeal cell carcinoma.

Objective: To compare and evaluate the efficacy of diagnosis and excision for appropriately selected breast multi-focal lesions and solitary lesion by ultrasound-guided vacuum-assisted biopsy (UGVAB). Methods: Among 392 appropriately selected patients, 187 patients with multi-focal lesions and 205 patients with solitary lesion were treated by the 8-gauge UGVAB from May 2007 to June 2009. All lesions were removed as completely as possible. The patients with benign pathology underwent physical and ultrasound examinations at one week and 6 months after procedure. Results: During the procedure, only three patients had vasovagal syncope and twenty others complained of other intraoperative discomfort. An accurate pathological diagnosis was obtained in all lesions. There was no apparent false-negative result among the 696 lesions with benign pathology at a follow-up of 6 months after procedure. The rates of malignant or premalignant pathology, postoperative complications and residual lesions in patients with multi-focal lesions were higher than those in patients with solitary lesion. If each lesion was considered as a subject of study, there was no significant difference between the two groups. Conclusion: UGVAB is an effective method for diagnosis and excision of appropriately selected breast multi-focal lesions and can be used routinely.

Objective: To compare and evaluate the efficacy of diagnosis and excision for appropriately selected breast multi-focal lesions and solitary lesion by ultrasound-guided vacuum-assisted biopsy (UGVAB). Methods: Among 392 appropriately selected patients, 187 patients with multi-focal lesions and 205 patients with solitary lesion were treated by the 8-gauge UGVAB from May 2007 to June 2009. All lesions were removed as completely as possible. The patients with benign pathology underwent physical and ultrasound examinations at one week and 6 months after procedure. Results: During the procedure, only three patients had vasovagal syncope and twenty others complained of other intraoperative discomfort. An accurate pathological diagnosis was obtained in all lesions. There was no apparent false-negative result among the 696 lesions with benign pathology at a follow-up of 6 months after procedure. The rates of malignant or premalignant pathology, postoperative complications and residual lesions in patients with multi-focal lesions were higher than those in patients with solitary lesion. If each lesion was considered as a subject of study, there was no significant difference between the two groups. Conclusion: UGVAB is an effective method for diagnosis and excision of appropriately selected breast multi-focal lesions and can be used routinely.

OBJECTIVETo observe the effects of Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) ATCC 33277 infection on expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) in rat vascular smooth muscle cells(VSMC).

METHODSAn infection model of rat VSMC invaded by P. gingivalis was established in vitro. The mRNA of ICAM-1 was measured through reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).

RESULTSCompared with the control group, an apparent and statistically significant increase in expression of ICAM-1 mRNA was observed after 8, 16, and 24 h in P. gingivals-infected rat VSMC (P<0.05). The expression reached its peak at 16 h. Statistically significant differences were observed in the 8 h group and in the other two experimental groups (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONInfection of P. gingivals in rat VSMC can cause increased expression of ICAM-1, which may have an important function in the progression of atherosclerosis.

Objective To observe the expression levels of Mig in the patients with chronic hepatitis B .Methods The study pop‐ulation consisted of 88 chronic hepatitis B patients and 53 healthy controls .The ELISA ,RT‐PCR and Western‐blotting were used for analysing the expression levels of Mig in serum ,peripheral blood mononuclear cells and liver tissue of the patients with chronic hepatitis B ,while the immunohistochemistry was applied for analysing the distribution of Mig in liver tissue .Results The expres‐sion of Mig in serum ,peripheral blood mononuclear cells and liver tissue of the chronic hepatitis B patients with HBeAg negative were (247 .03 ± 63 .14)pg/mL ,(0 .95 ± 0 .21) ,(0 .79 ± 0 .23) ,and that in the chronic hepatitis B patients with HBeAg positive were (243 .05 ± 53 .00)pg/mL ,(0 .98 ± 0 .35) ,(0 .74 ± 0 .18) ,which were both significantly higher than those in healthy controls ,the difference was statistically significant(P<0 .05) .Conclusion Increased levels of Mig in the patients with chronic hepatitis B may be related to immune state of patients .

Purpose: To evaluate the HPQP as a modifier of radiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis in rats sacrificed 4 months and 6 months separately after a single dose of 0, 15, 20, 25 Gy60Co r rays to the right hemithorax. Methods: HPQP was administered by a stomach tube 2 times a week after irradiation at a regimen of 100mg/kg. Pulmonary fibrosis was evaluated by lung hydroxyproline( HP) content and histological observation( LM and EM). Results: The content of lung HP increased with increasing radiation dose. The differences between control group and 20,25 Gy group are significant P

Objective To investigate the changes of expression of Fas-associated proteins named Fas-associated death domain protein(FADD)and death-associated protein(Daxx)in the ischemic penumbra following transient focal cerebra ischemia in rats.Methods ①Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into the sham-operated group and the cerebral ischemia model group.Rats underwent right middle cerebral artery occlusion(MCAO)for 2 h and reperfusion for 1,3,6,12 and 24 h using an intraluminal suture technique.The expression of FADD and Daxx mRNA and protein were measured with methods of immunohistochemistry.Western blot and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT- PCR)respectively were used in the ischemic penumbra of rats.②Double-label fluorescence confocal laser scanning microscopy(CLSM)was performed to monitor FADD and Daxx intracellular location before and after ischemia.Results RT-PCR,Immunohistochemistry,Western blot experiments indicated that a very low level of FADD mRNA and protein were detected in the cerebral cortex of sham rats.The expression level both of FADD mRNA and protein increased significantly at 3 h after reperfusion,peaked at 12 h,then declined markedly at 24 h in the ischemic penumbra of model rats.RT-PCR,Immunohistochemistry indicated that a relatively high level of Daxx mRNA was detected in the cerebral cotex of sham rats.The expression level of Daxx mRNA increased significantly at 3 h after reperfusion and persisted to 24 h at a high level,whose protein had a same change of expression level in the ischemic penumbra of model rats. Immunofluorescence double-staining laser scanning by CLSM showed that the immunoreactivity of FADD was located in cytoplasm,and the intracellular translocation of the immunoreactivity of Daxx from nucleus to cytoplasm was monitored by measuring the green fluorescence after ischemia.Conclusion The transient upregulation of FADD and the persistant high level of expression of Daxx may contribute to neuronal apoptosis following cerebral ischemia/reperfusion.

Objective: To investigate the factors associated with the patient's adherence to screening in the five years before the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) related to chronic hepatitis B ( CHB ), so as to provide reference for improving the screening rate. Methods: From June 2016 to April 2018, the patients with newly diagnosed HCC and a history of CHB for more than five years in Southwest Hospital in Chongqing were interviewed. The information about socio-demographic characteristics, health status, medical care and HCC screening in the past five years were collected. A multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze the factors associated with adherence to screening. Results: Among 420 participants, 140 ( 33.33% ) adhered to HCC screening, 124 ( 29.53% ) had irregular/incomplete screening, while 156 ( 37.14% ) never had screening. The proportion of early-stage HCC at diagnosis was significantly higher in patients who adhered to screening ( 77.14% ) than that in patients who had irregular/incomplete screening (35.48%) or no screening ( 12.82% ) and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05 ). The multivariate analysis demonstrated that five factors were significantly associated with patient's adherence to screening, including education level of high school and above ( OR=2.346, 95%CI: 1.370-4.017), family history of HCC ( OR=2.795, 95%CI: 1.457-5.362 ), history of chronic diseases ( OR=3.860, 95%CI: 2.052-7.262), acceptance of antiviral therapy ( OR=17.816, 95%CI: 9.702-32.716 ) and specialized clinic visits ( OR=8.332, 95%CI: 1.588-43.710 ). Conclusions Adherence to screening is conducive to the early detection of HCC, but the screening rate is low in the patients with CHB. Education level, history of HCC, health status and medical status are significantly related to screening adherence.

Mesaconitine was incubated with rat liver microsomes in vitro. The metabolites of mesaconitine in rat liver microsomes were identified by ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method with high resolution power. A typical reaction mixture of 100 mol L-1 Tris-HCI buffer (pH 7.4) containing 0.5 gL-1 microsomal protein and 50 micro molL-1 mesaconitine was prepared. The above reaction mixture was divided into six groups, and the volume of each group was 200 micro L. The incubation mixture was pre-incubated at 37 degrees C for 2 min and the reactions were initiated by adding NADPH generating system. After 90 min incubation at 37 degrees C, 200 micro L of acetonitrile was added to each group to stop the reaction. The metabolites of mesaconitine were investigated by UPLC-MS/MS method. Mesaconitine and 6 metabolites M1-M6 were found in the incubation system. The structures were characterized according to the data from MS/MS spectra and literatures. The metabolic reactions of mesaconitine in rat liver microsomes included the demethylation, deacetylation, dehydrogenation and hydroxylation. The major metabolic pathways of mesaconitine in rat liver microsomes were determined by UPLC-MS/MS on multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode combined with specific inhibitors of cytochrome P450 (CYP) isoforms, including alpha-naphthoflavone (CYP1A2), quinine (CYP2D), diethyldithiocarbamate (CYP2E1), ketoconazole (CYP3A) and sulfaphenazole (CYP2C), separately. Mesaconitine was mainly metabolized by CYP3A. CYP2C and CYP2D were also more important CYP isoforms for the metabolism reactions of mesaconitine, but CYP1A2 and CYP2E1 haven't any contribution to MA metabolism in rat liver microsomes.
Aconitine ; analogs & derivatives ; metabolism ; Animals ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A ; metabolism ; Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A Inhibitors ; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme Inhibitors ; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System ; metabolism ; Enzyme Inhibitors ; pharmacology ; Ketoconazole ; pharmacology ; Male ; Metabolic Networks and Pathways ; Microsomes, Liver ; enzymology ; metabolism ; Quinine ; pharmacology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Sulfaphenazole ; pharmacology ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry

ObjectiveTo study the relationship between representations of verbal sound and non-verbal sound in the brain. Methods39 patients with brain injury and 39 healthy volunteers were recruited in this study. They were tested with the sound-verification task (a non-verbal sound test) and the sound attribute judgment task (a verbal sound test). The software developed by Crawford and Garthwaite was used for data analysis. ResultsGroup analysis revealed a positive correlation between the verbal sound test and non-verbal sound test. As for case analysis, some patients were impaired in the comprehension of verbal sound test, but normal in the comprehension of non-verbal sound test. In contrast, some patients were impaired in the comprehension of non-verbal sound test, but normal in the comprehension of verbal sound test. ConclusionVerbal sound and non-verbal sound are represented independently in the brain. In the process of language rehabilitation of aphasia, attention should not only be paid to verbal sound training, but also to non-verbal sound training.