No abstract available.
Eating* ; Glucose* ; Leptin* ; Metabolism* ; Resistin*

No abstract available.
Adipocytes* ; Homeostasis*

OBJECTIVE: This study was to evaluate whether epidural analgesia of labor is associated with an increased risk of cesarean delivery. METHOD: The study was undertaken for the clinical evaluation on the patients with singleton infants in vertex presentations who had been admitted and delivered at Soonchunhyang Kumi Hospital from January, 1996 to December, 1996. RESULT: The results were as follows : 1. There was no significant difference in incidence of cesarean delivery between nulliparous women receiving epidural analgesia(20.26%) and those who did not receive epidural analgesia(19.36%). But nulliparous women who received epidural analgesia were significant increase in operative vaginal delivery than those who did not receive epidural analgesia (0.08% of the no-epidural and 6.61% of the epidural group). 2. Among the indication for cesarean section, nulliparous women who received epidural analgesia were significant increase in incidence of failure to progress only than those who did not receive epidural analgesia (63.71% of the non-epidural and 84.78% of the epidural group). 3. There was no statistic significance in incidence of fetal distress only between women receiving epidural analgesia and those who did not receive epidural analgesia. 4. There showed no significant difference in new born Apgar score between women receiving epidural analgesia and those who did not receive epidural analgesia. 5. The subjective and objective successful epidural effects were noted excellent 22.91%, good 66.96% in nulliparous women and excellent 30.41%, good 61.48% in multiparous women. 6. Concerning complications of epidural anesthesia, backache was most frequent(8.00%), voiding difficulty, shivering, nausea/vomiting, hypotension, headache, dura puncture in orders. CONCLUSION: Our retrospective study shows that epidural analgesia may increase substantially the risk of operative vaginal delivery and the incidence of cesarean delivery for which failure to progress only was listed as an indication in nulliparous women. Although the causal nature of this association remains open to debate, prenatal care providers should routinely discuss the risks and benefits of epidural analgesia with women during their pregnancies so that can make informed decisions about the use of pain relief during labor.
Analgesia, Epidural ; Anesthesia, Epidural* ; Apgar Score ; Back Pain ; Cesarean Section ; Female ; Fetal Distress ; Gyeongsangbuk-do ; Headache ; Humans ; Hypotension ; Incidence ; Infant ; Pregnancy ; Prenatal Care ; Punctures ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Assessment ; Shivering

Anti-aging medicine has become a popular topic, in the lay press, the (semi-) scientific literature and the Internet. In almost all instances, claims of drugs, health supplements and other types of intervention are not based on any evidence supported by sound scientific knowledge. Specifically, the aging process itself, in contrast to age-related diseases, has so far neither been fully understood, nor significantly influenced in higher species, notably humans. In addition to the ill-defined effects, claims of anti-aging medicine also pose a considerable economic burden on the usually poorly informed older segment of the population. The present paper is based on a recent report by the United States General Accounting Office (GAO) on the questionable and even harmful effects of anti-aging health products for seniors
Aging ; Humans ; Internet ; United States

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to compare general survival rate and survival rate according to expectable prognostic factors by analyzing the result of treating a patient of squamous cell carcinoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From Mar. 1999 to Feb. 2011, 151 patients were pathologically confirmed as squamous cell carcinoma of limbs and body in our hospital, and among those patients, 51 patients underwent the surgical treatment. This study included 41 patients who underwent the surgical treatment and were followed-up for more than 12 months. The mean age of population was 64.4 years. 31 males and 10 females were included. Wide excision with following skin grafts or flaps for reconstruction (29 cases) was mostly performed, but amputation (12 cases) was also performed for cases with extremities where resection margin was difficult to obtain and cases with neural or vascular invasion. 8 patients underwent chemotherapy or radiotherapy after resection, and 33 underwent the operation only. Stages were classified by AJCC Classification, survival rate was calculated by Kaplan-Meier method and survival rate of groups was compared by Log-rank test. For the expectable prognostic factors related to survival rate, location of primary lesion, cause of disease, pathologic grade, staging, surgical method, additional anticancer therapy were examined and each survival rate was compared. RESULTS: The average follow-up period was 65.2 (12-132) months. Thirty patients survived out of 41 patients till last follow up. The overall survival rate in 5 years was 77%. Three cases (7.3%) had local recurrence, and 7 cases (17.0%) had metastasis. The average period of recurrence from operation was 27 (18-43) months. Possible prognostic factors such as location of primary lesion, cause of disease, pathologic grade, staging, additional anticancer therapy showed no significant difference in survival rates. However, patients with amputation showed significantly lower survival rate than those with wide excision. CONCLUSION: In analysis the results of treating 41 cases of squamous cell carcinoma, the overall 5-year survival rate was 77%. And, among the several prognostic factors, only the surgical method was significant statistically.
Amputation ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Extremities ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Recurrence ; Skin ; Survival Rate ; Transplants

No abstract available.
Granuloma, Pyogenic*

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Spondylitis, Ankylosing*

No abstract available.

The repair of striated muscle after acute trauma occurs simultaneously by the regeneration of disrupted muscle and formation of connective scar. But, there had been no attention concerning effects of local anesthetics on the degeneration and regeneration process of the injured muscle. The author induced a constant contusion injury on the calf of rats. Lidocaine and/or epinephrine was intramuscularly injected at the site of injury. Morphological and histochemical observation was conducted and the results were as follows: 1. Traumatized striated muscle showed evidences of the healing process for upto 90 days. 2. Morphological and histochemical changes in the traumatized muscle became more severe after the injection of lidocaine and/or epinephrine. 3. Formation of collagenous scar tissue significantly increased after injection of lidocaine and/or epinephrine. Injection of lidocaine or epinephrine developed similar amount of scar after 15 days. 4. Cross section area of the regenerated muscle fibers decreased in the injection groups than in the control groups. Atrophy was significant on day 90 in all types of fiber after injection of the mixture of lidocaine and epinephrine, and in type B after injection of epinephrine. In conclusion, injection of the lidocaine and epinephrine inhibited regeneration of the traumatized striated muscle. Mixture of the drugs showed more inhibitory effect than a single drug.
Anesthetics, Local ; Animals ; Atrophy ; Cicatrix ; Collagen ; Contusions ; Epinephrine ; Lidocaine ; Muscle, Striated ; Rats ; Regeneration