No abstract available.
Animals ; Doxorubicin* ; Rats*

BACKGROUND: The aim of study was to confirm the clinical effectiveness and results of wide and single anterior approach for fractures occurring along length of humerus. METHODS: A total of 23 patients with humeral fracture were enrolled into our study who were able to participate in at least one year of follow-up. Seven patients had segmental comminuted humeral fractures and 16 patients had distal humeral fractures. We made various tractions of the muscles to expose the proximal and the middle third humerus between the biceps and brachialis and the distal humerus by partial splitting of lateral side of biceps through a single incision. Postoperatively, we measured the Mayo elbow performance index (MEPI). RESULTS: we achieved bone union in all 23 patients. Solid union of the bone was achieved at an average 13.9 weeks. Postoperatively, two complications were observed screw loosening and nonunion. Revision surgery was performed in both patients. The patient with bone nonunion was treated using bone grafts. No postoperative infections or peripheral neuropathies were observed. At the final follow-up (average 20 months), we found that the average MEPI functional score of the patients was 91.7 points regardless of the fracture site. CONCLUSIONS: Our whole humerus with a single incision was effective for the treatment of segmental comminuted and distal fractures. we believe it is a useful alternative to preexisting methods of fracture fixation.
Elbow ; Follow-Up Studies ; Fracture Fixation* ; Humans ; Humeral Fractures ; Humerus* ; Muscles ; Peripheral Nervous System Diseases ; Traction ; Transplants ; Treatment Outcome

PURPOSE: The purpose of this article is to assess the efficacy of a bioabsorbable polylactide (PLA) plate and screw for treating injuries of ankle fractures. MATERIALS AND METHODS:24 patients who underwent an open reduction and internal fixation operation for ankle fractures from July 2005 to March 2007 were enrolled into the study. There were 15 men and 9 women. The average age of the patients was 44 years and the average follow-up period was 16 years and two months (16.2 months). All cases were divided into low grade fracture patient (11) who belongs in type A and B of Danis-Weber classification and high grade fracture patient (13) who belongs in type C1, C2 of Danis-Weber classification, and each groups were analyzed by clinical (Meyer score) and radiological finding at the time of their last follow-up evaluation. RESULTS:The clinical results according to Meyer scoring system, showed that all patient with low grade fracture had good to excellent result, but only 54% of patient with high grade fracture had good to excellent result. According to Cedell's radiologic finding, there were 91% cases above fair in low grade fracture. But there were 62% of patient above fair result in high grade fracture, the reduction losses were seen in 38% of patient with high grade fracture. CONCLUSION: Bioabsorbable PLA plate and screw is good internal fixation device which doesn't have additional operation for removal of implant because of slow absorption within the human body. It showed sufficient strength for acquisition and maintenance of reduction in low grade fracture, but need attention to use because of many cases of reduction loss in high grade fracture. So, it seems to be safe and effective when used in heeling of low grade fracture under considering about type of fracture sufficiently.
Absorption ; Animals ; Ankle ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Heel ; Human Body ; Humans ; Internal Fixators ; Male ; Polyesters

The optical neural recording techniques are promising tools in recent years. Compared to the traditional electrophysiological recording, the optical means offer several advantages including no inclusion of electrical noise, simultaneous imaging of a large number of neurons, or selective recording from genetically-targeted neurons. Overall the optical neural recording technique comprises the intrinsic and the extrinsic optical recordings. The methods for intrinsic neural recording employ the change of optical properties in brains such as blood flow/oxygenation, cellular volume change, or refractive index change without addition of external indicators. Those properties can be detected using various optical techniques including laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF), near-infrared (NIR) spectrometer, functional optical coherence tomography (fOCT), and surface plasmon resonance (SPR). The extrinsic monitoring techniques use fluorescence signals reflecting neuronal activity via chemical or genetic modification of the neuronal cells. Two most popular activity-dependent fluorescent probes, calcium indicators and voltage-sensitive fluorescent proteins will be examined in this review. The principles, the instrumentations and in vivo applications of those optical signal measurements are described.
Brain ; Calcium ; Fluorescence ; Fluorescent Dyes ; Laser-Doppler Flowmetry ; Neurons ; Noise ; Proteins ; Refractometry ; Surface Plasmon Resonance ; Tomography, Optical Coherence

Epididymal abnormalities have long been found in conjunction with undescended testis. Undescended testis with a patent processus vaginalis are associated with epididymal abnormalities, but the incidence of epididymal abnormalities in descended testis with a patent processus has not been reported. We analyzed the patency of processus vaginalis and epididymal abnormalities of 37 patients(41 testes) treated for undescended testes and 78 patients(79 testes) treated for hydrocele. Epididymal abnormalities ranged from simple epididymal elongation, epididymal angulation, disruption between testis and epididymal tail to more complex forms, such as epididymal/vasal atresia, complete disruption between the testis and epididymal head. Among 38 undescended testis with patent processus vaginalis 27(71%) had an epididymal abnormalities compared to 12 of 37(32%)hydroceles with patent processus vaginalis(P<0,05), and 12 of 38(329b) undescended testis with patent processus vaginalis had complex epididymal abnormalities(epididymal head separation and epididymal atresia) compared to 2 of 37(5%) hydroceles with patent processus vaginalis (p<0.05). Among 37 hydroceles with patent processus vaginalis 12(32%) had an epididymal abnormalities compared to 2 of 37(5%) hydroceles with incompletely patent processus vaginalis(P<0.05). These data suggest that epididymal abnormalities probably contribute to both testicular maldescent and closure of processus vaginalis.
Cryptorchidism* ; Head ; Incidence ; Male ; Testis

The Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome, which included congenital anomalies such as macroglossia, exomphalos, postnatal somatic gigantism, have a substantially increased risk for the development of tumor. We report a case of testicular yolk sac tumor associated with Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome, a previously unreported association. Pathologic examination showed Schiller-Duval body with evidence of testicular yolk sac tumor. This finding appears to represent a previously unreported association between Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome and testicular yolk sac tumor.
Beckwith-Wiedemann Syndrome* ; Endodermal Sinus Tumor* ; Gigantism ; Hernia, Umbilical ; Macroglossia ; Testis ; Yolk Sac*

This study was conducted to compare the date on knowledge, attitude and motivation toward blood donation between donors and non-donors. The study population included 622 donors and 322 non-donors who visited the mobile blood donation car of Taegu Red Cross Blood Center and participated the group appointed blood donation campaign managed by the center from March 1 to March 31, 1989. The donors and non-donors were questioned above mentioned items with a formulated questionnaire. Among the general characteristics of the subjects in the study, male predominance (84.1% in donors and 73.6% in non-donors) in young age group (16-24 years) was the outstanding feature. As a medium of information about blood donation, “television” was playing a dominant role (donors; 75.2%, non-donors; 78.9%), while “magazine” played more important roles among donors. Of the donors, 70.6% and of the non-donors, 58.1 replied that they had ever been induced to donate blood (p<0.01). Major inducers were friend and personnel of mobile blood donation vehicle. On the measuring of knowledge level, the average rates of correct answer was higher in donors (62.6%) than in non-donors (54.1%) (p<0.01). Higher the education level was presented, higher the knowledge level (p<0.05). There have been noticeable difference between donors and non-donors in blood replying the questionnaire set to measure their attitude toward blood donation, especially in the items such as “impression toward blood”, “selection of transfusion blood source” and “view on the situation of blood shortage.” The major motivation toward blood donation of the groups were “possible future need” and “altruism or humanitarian interest”. The major reasons for not donation blood in both groups were “fear of the needle” and “dread to visit to mobile car or center”.
Blood Donors* ; Daegu ; Education ; Friends ; Humans ; Male ; Motivation* ; Red Cross ; Tissue Donors

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to examine the strength of the knee and pulmonary function comparing collegians and hockey players in college. METHOD: KINdegreeCOM isokinetic dynamometer and medigraph were used to evaluate strength of the right lower extremity and pulmonary function to 30 male students comprising 15 hockey players and 15 collegians with no significant difference in age, weight, and height between the two groups. All subjects used their right lower limb as dominant limb. RESULTS: 1) The significant differences between collegians and hockey players were found in the peak torque at 60o/sec,180o/sec. 2) The siginficant differences between collegians and hockey players were found in forced vital capacity, forced expiratory volume in one second and expiratory reserve volume on the pulmonary function. 3) The significant correlation between isokinetic strength and pulmonary function were found in peak torque. CONCLUSION: It is turned out that hockey players in college have much better isokinetic strength and pulmonary function than collegians, so it is suggested this result have to be considered in selecting hockey players and exercise prescription.
Expiratory Reserve Volume ; Extremities ; Forced Expiratory Volume ; Hockey* ; Humans ; Knee* ; Lower Extremity ; Male ; Prescriptions ; Torque ; Vital Capacity

Acute dystonic reactions (ADRs) are movement abnormalities characterized by involuntary muscle contractions that typically manifest after exposure to a triggering agent, such as a medication. The specific muscle groups affected determine the type of reaction. For instance, an oculogyric crisis primarily affects the ocular muscles, while oromandibular dystonia involves jaw opening and tongue protrusion. We present the rare case of a 68-year-old man with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis who was successfully treated for an ADR. The patient was admitted with loss of consciousness due to respiratory failure. Tracheostomy was promptly performed under sedation with multiple general anesthetic agents. Immediately after tracheostomy, the patient communicated via eye-blinking without any notable abnormalities, just as before the procedure. However, the following day, he became unresponsive to verbal cues and exhibited a decreased level of consciousness, accompanied by tongue dyskinesia, deviation of both eyes to the left, and loss of visual tracking. The patient’s vital signs remained stable. Brain imaging and an electroencephalogram revealed no abnormalities. Treatment with midazolam produced initial improvement; however, due to a significant side effect of hypotension, the treatment was switched to oral diazepam. The patient’s condition gradually improved, and the medication was eventually discontinued without further ADR episodes.

Acute dystonic reactions (ADRs) are movement abnormalities characterized by involuntary muscle contractions that typically manifest after exposure to a triggering agent, such as a medication. The specific muscle groups affected determine the type of reaction. For instance, an oculogyric crisis primarily affects the ocular muscles, while oromandibular dystonia involves jaw opening and tongue protrusion. We present the rare case of a 68-year-old man with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis who was successfully treated for an ADR. The patient was admitted with loss of consciousness due to respiratory failure. Tracheostomy was promptly performed under sedation with multiple general anesthetic agents. Immediately after tracheostomy, the patient communicated via eye-blinking without any notable abnormalities, just as before the procedure. However, the following day, he became unresponsive to verbal cues and exhibited a decreased level of consciousness, accompanied by tongue dyskinesia, deviation of both eyes to the left, and loss of visual tracking. The patient’s vital signs remained stable. Brain imaging and an electroencephalogram revealed no abnormalities. Treatment with midazolam produced initial improvement; however, due to a significant side effect of hypotension, the treatment was switched to oral diazepam. The patient’s condition gradually improved, and the medication was eventually discontinued without further ADR episodes.