Hydrogen sulfide poisoning is frequently encountered in the workplace. Two workers lost their consciousness in an underground tank at a factory producing paper. The tank contained liquid mixture of used paper, sodium oxygenate chloride(NaOC1), and sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate(NaSO3 5H90). A worker(worker A; 36-year-old man) entered tank to remove sludge. When worker A lost his consciousness, worker B entered the tank to rescue worker A, however he lost consciousness inside the tank. We discuss in detail the clinical features of this condition. Hydrogen sulfide poisonings have occurred in industries involving petroleum refining, the manufacture of heavy water, tanning of hides, vulcanization of rubber, and the manufacture of rayon. And it is necessary to stress the health education for workers and managers in these industries.
Adult ; Consciousness ; Deuterium Oxide ; Health Education ; Humans ; Hydrogen Sulfide* ; Hydrogen* ; Oxygen ; Petroleum ; Poisoning* ; Rescue Work ; Rubber ; Sewage ; Sodium ; Tanning ; Triacetoneamine-N-Oxyl

This is a retrospective clinical analysis of 27 cases of pancreatic pseudocysts that were treated at the Department of Surgery, Chung Goo Sung Sim Hospital, from 1988 to 1996. The results are as follows:1) The ratio of males to females was 12.5 :1, and the highest incidence was in the 4th decade. 2) Acute & Chronic Pancreatitis was most frequently associated with pancreatic pseudocysts (72.4%). 3) The most frequent symptom of patients with a pancreatic pseudocyst was abdominal pain (92.5%), and the most common site of the pancreatic pseudocyst was the tail of the pancreas (55.6%). 4) Of the 7 cases involving pseudocysts of less than 5 cm, 6 cases were managed conservatively and 1 case surgically . In the 15 cases with sizes from 5 cm to 10 cm, percutaneous catheter drainage was performed in 7 cases, with sizes larger conservative management in 5 cases and surgical management in 4 cases. In the 5 cases with sizes larger than 10 cm, percutaneous catheter drainage was performed in 3 cases and surgical management in 1 case. 5) Cases involving conservative management and percutaneous drainage (average:31 & 34 days), respectively had shorter hospital stays than surgical menagement (42 days). 6) Complications of pancreatic pseudocysts, such as intra-abdominal abscesses, cutaneous fistulas, pulmonary complications, wound infection, leakage or rupture, etc, were relatively common after surgery. In conclusion, we propose that conservative management and percutaneous catheter drainage are first-line treatment modalities for pancreatic pseudocysts if the clinical conditions of the patient can tolerate them.
Abdominal Abscess ; Abdominal Pain ; Catheters ; Cutaneous Fistula ; Drainage ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Length of Stay ; Male ; Pancreas ; Pancreatic Pseudocyst* ; Pancreatitis, Chronic ; Retrospective Studies ; Rupture ; Wound Infection

OBJECTIVES: To know the present conditions of industrial accidents in automobile factories in Korea and make the basic materials essential to prevention of industrial accidents METHODS: We reviewed and analyzed the records of industrial accidents occurred in an automobile factory in 1997 by time of occurrence, job categories(fixed production, skilled trades, mechanical material handling, and clerical 8r technical), type of injury, kind of accident, and location of injury. RESULTS: 1. By age groups, the accident rate was the highest in age 45-49(1.6 %o) followed by age 35-39(1.3 %), 40-44(0.9 %), 30-34(0.9 %), 25-29(0.6 %), and 20-24(0.4 %) and by working duration, it was highest in group of experience over 25 years, and so we could see that the more age or working duration increases the more accident rate increases. 2. By work time, the accident rate was the highest in 10-11 a.m. (21.4 %) followed by 2-3 p.m. (17.9%). By the day of the week, it was as follows, Friday(20.5%) Wednesday (17. 9%), Monday (16. 2 %), Thesday (15. 4 %), Saturday (12. 0 %), Thursday(11.1 %), Sunday(6.8 %) in order. By the month, it was high in May(17.9 %), March(11.1 %), and April(11.1 %) followed by August(10.3 %) and January(9.4 %), so we could see it was high in spring. 3. The most frequent injury was in the back by 41.0 % followed by 17 cases in fingers(14.5 %), legs(9.4 %), hands(7.7 %), head(6.0 %) in order. And by the type of injuries, the sprain was most frequent by 38. 5% followed by fracture(22. 2 %, lumbar HNP(11.1 %), and contusion(9.4 %) in order. The causes of accident were handling heavy materials(34.2 %), upset(17.1 %), stenosis(16.2 %), and falling(6.8 %) in order. CONCLUSIONS: By the above results, to prevent the industrial accidents in automobile factories in Korea, preventive activities for handling heavy materials and back injury, and continuous industrial education are necessary.
Accidents, Occupational* ; Automobiles* ; Back Injuries ; Education ; Humans ; Korea ; Sprains and Strains

No abstract available.
Fractures, Open*

Component fixation on the acetabular side is not as much of a problem because of the simpler geometry and loading configuration. It is generally accepted that hemispheric component design is preferable and immediate implant stability can be achieved by using screws or spikes in the porous coated implants. The authors reviewed 130 primary noncemented porouscoated, press fit acetabular component in 110 patients; 84 were AML (Anatomical Medullary Locking) and 46 were HarrisGalante acetabular component. Radiologic analysis at a minimum of 3 years(average 4.5 years) was done with special regards to the vertical and medial migration, screw size and numbers, change of the radiolucent line and its zone with its fate and acetabular cup angles on the acetabular component by the 2 observers. Progressive radiolucent line at the component-bone intersurface were found in 14 cases(11%), frequently located in zone I and zone I & II. No significant vertical, medial migration and change of the acetabular cup angle were found. No screw and spike failure had occurred. No component had to be revised because of loosening. As a whole, in our 3-years experience we report excellent results with porous coated acetabular component although it dose not ensure long-term sucess.
Acetabulum ; Hip ; Humans

BACKGROUND: This study was conducted to reveal the health effects of air pollution on the residents living near waste treatment plant. METHODS: We sampled 190 residents as the hogh exposed group, 192 residents as the moderate group, and 139 residents as the low exposed group according to the geographical distances from the waste treatment plant. Self-administered questionnaires for prevalence of respiratory disease, irritation symptoms of mucous membrane (eye, nose, thoat, skin, and respiratory tract), gastrointestinal symptoms, other nonspecific symptoms were conducted. We measured the concentrations of total suspened partcles, Zn, Cu, Cr, Ni, Pb, Cd and As in 3 exposed area. RESULT: Airborne concentrations of total suspended particles measured in exposed area were 485, 365, and 332 micro gram/m(3) which excees the limit value. Airborne concentrations of Zn, Cu, Cr, Ni, Pb, Cd and As were not excees the limit value. The prevalence of respiratory disease of high exposed group (16.8%) was significantly higher than that of moderate group (3.6%) and low exposed group (5.0%). The sysptom score of irrtation sysptoms of mucous membrane, gastrointestinal sysptoms, and other nonspecific sysptoms were increased with exposed level. In multiple linear regression, exposure level was related to all sysptom scores significantly. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that the air pollution of waste treatment plant would influence prevalence of respiratory disease, induce irritation of mucous membrane, gastrointestinal symptoms, and other nonspecific sysptoms.
Air Pollution ; Linear Models ; Mucous Membrane ; Nose ; Plants* ; Prevalence ; Skin ; Surveys and Questionnaires

Abdominal pregnancy that is a life threatening variant of ectopic pregnancy, has been a rare event with high maternal mortality. It is very difficult to diagnose a abdominal pregnancy clinically. We have experienced a case of early abdominal pregnancy diagnosed at emergency laparotomy and this case was presented with a brief review of the literatures.
Emergencies ; Female ; Laparotomy ; Maternal Mortality ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Abdominal* ; Pregnancy, Ectopic

No abstract available.
Compartment Syndromes*

Present study demonstrated that fibrillar beta-amyloid peptide (fAbeta(1-42)) induced ATP release, which in turn activated NADPH oxidase via the P2X(7) receptor (P2X(7)R). Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in fAbeta(1-42)-treated microglia appeared to require Ca2+ influx from extracellular sources, because ROS generation was abolished to control levels in the absence of extracellular Ca2+. Considering previous observation of superoxide generation by Ca2+ influx through P2X(7)R in microglia, we hypothesized that ROS production in fAbeta-stimulated microglia might be mediated by ATP released from the microglia. We therefore examined whether fAbeta(1-42)-induced Ca2+ influx was mediated through P2X(7)R activation. In serial experiments, we found that microglial pretreatment with the P2X(7)R antagonists Pyridoxal-phosphate-6-azophenyl-2',4'- disulfonate (100 micrometer) or oxidized ATP (100 micrometer) inhibited fAbeta-induced Ca2+ influx and reduced ROS generation to basal levels. Furthermore, ATP efflux from fAbeta(1-42)-stimulated microglia was observed, and apyrase treatment decreased the generation of ROS. These findings provide conclusive evidence that fAbeta-stimulated ROS generation in microglial cells is regulated by ATP released from the microglia in an autocrine manner.
Adenosine Triphosphate/*metabolism ; Amyloid beta-Protein/*pharmacology ; Animals ; Autocrine Communication/*drug effects/physiology ; Cells, Cultured ; Microglia/*drug effects ; Peptide Fragments/*pharmacology ; Pyridoxal Phosphate/analogs & derivatives/metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Reactive Oxygen Species/*metabolism ; Receptors, Purinergic P2/physiology

A degree of brain inflammation is required for repair of damaged tissue, but excessive inflammation causes neuronal cell death. Here, we observe that IL-10 is expressed in LPS-injected rat cerebral cortex, contributing to neuronal survival. Cells immunopositive for IL-10 were detected as early as 8 h post-injection and persisted for up to 3 d, in parallel with the expression of IL-1beta, TNF-alpha, and iNOS. Double immunofluorescence staining showed that IL-10 expression was localized mainly in activated microglia. Next, we examined the neuroprotective effects of IL-10 using IL-10 neutralizing antibody (IL-10NA). Blockade of IL-10 action caused a significant loss of neurons both 3 d and 7 d after LPS injection. Further, the induction of mRNA species encoding IL-1beta, TNF-alpha, and iNOS, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and NADPH oxidase activation, increased after co-injection of LPS and IL-10NA, compared to the levels seen after injection of LPS alone. Taken together, these results clearly suggest that LPS-induced endogenous expression of IL-10 in microglia contributes to neuronal survival by inhibiting brain inflammation.
Animals ; Cerebral Cortex/drug effects/*pathology ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique ; Interleukin-10/immunology/*physiology ; Lipopolysaccharides/*pharmacology ; Microglia/cytology/*metabolism ; Nerve Degeneration/pathology/*prevention & control ; Neurons/cytology/drug effects/*metabolism ; Nitric Oxide Synthase/genetics/metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism