Hydrogen sulfide poisoning is frequently encountered in the workplace. Two workers lost their consciousness in an underground tank at a factory producing paper. The tank contained liquid mixture of used paper, sodium oxygenate chloride(NaOC1), and sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate(NaSO3 5H90). A worker(worker A; 36-year-old man) entered tank to remove sludge. When worker A lost his consciousness, worker B entered the tank to rescue worker A, however he lost consciousness inside the tank. We discuss in detail the clinical features of this condition. Hydrogen sulfide poisonings have occurred in industries involving petroleum refining, the manufacture of heavy water, tanning of hides, vulcanization of rubber, and the manufacture of rayon. And it is necessary to stress the health education for workers and managers in these industries.
Adult ; Consciousness ; Deuterium Oxide ; Health Education ; Humans ; Hydrogen Sulfide* ; Hydrogen* ; Oxygen ; Petroleum ; Poisoning* ; Rescue Work ; Rubber ; Sewage ; Sodium ; Tanning ; Triacetoneamine-N-Oxyl

This is a retrospective clinical analysis of 27 cases of pancreatic pseudocysts that were treated at the Department of Surgery, Chung Goo Sung Sim Hospital, from 1988 to 1996. The results are as follows:1) The ratio of males to females was 12.5 :1, and the highest incidence was in the 4th decade. 2) Acute & Chronic Pancreatitis was most frequently associated with pancreatic pseudocysts (72.4%). 3) The most frequent symptom of patients with a pancreatic pseudocyst was abdominal pain (92.5%), and the most common site of the pancreatic pseudocyst was the tail of the pancreas (55.6%). 4) Of the 7 cases involving pseudocysts of less than 5 cm, 6 cases were managed conservatively and 1 case surgically . In the 15 cases with sizes from 5 cm to 10 cm, percutaneous catheter drainage was performed in 7 cases, with sizes larger conservative management in 5 cases and surgical management in 4 cases. In the 5 cases with sizes larger than 10 cm, percutaneous catheter drainage was performed in 3 cases and surgical management in 1 case. 5) Cases involving conservative management and percutaneous drainage (average:31 & 34 days), respectively had shorter hospital stays than surgical menagement (42 days). 6) Complications of pancreatic pseudocysts, such as intra-abdominal abscesses, cutaneous fistulas, pulmonary complications, wound infection, leakage or rupture, etc, were relatively common after surgery. In conclusion, we propose that conservative management and percutaneous catheter drainage are first-line treatment modalities for pancreatic pseudocysts if the clinical conditions of the patient can tolerate them.
Abdominal Abscess ; Abdominal Pain ; Catheters ; Cutaneous Fistula ; Drainage ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Length of Stay ; Male ; Pancreas ; Pancreatic Pseudocyst* ; Pancreatitis, Chronic ; Retrospective Studies ; Rupture ; Wound Infection

OBJECTIVES: To know the present conditions of industrial accidents in automobile factories in Korea and make the basic materials essential to prevention of industrial accidents METHODS: We reviewed and analyzed the records of industrial accidents occurred in an automobile factory in 1997 by time of occurrence, job categories(fixed production, skilled trades, mechanical material handling, and clerical 8r technical), type of injury, kind of accident, and location of injury. RESULTS: 1. By age groups, the accident rate was the highest in age 45-49(1.6 %o) followed by age 35-39(1.3 %), 40-44(0.9 %), 30-34(0.9 %), 25-29(0.6 %), and 20-24(0.4 %) and by working duration, it was highest in group of experience over 25 years, and so we could see that the more age or working duration increases the more accident rate increases. 2. By work time, the accident rate was the highest in 10-11 a.m. (21.4 %) followed by 2-3 p.m. (17.9%). By the day of the week, it was as follows, Friday(20.5%) Wednesday (17. 9%), Monday (16. 2 %), Thesday (15. 4 %), Saturday (12. 0 %), Thursday(11.1 %), Sunday(6.8 %) in order. By the month, it was high in May(17.9 %), March(11.1 %), and April(11.1 %) followed by August(10.3 %) and January(9.4 %), so we could see it was high in spring. 3. The most frequent injury was in the back by 41.0 % followed by 17 cases in fingers(14.5 %), legs(9.4 %), hands(7.7 %), head(6.0 %) in order. And by the type of injuries, the sprain was most frequent by 38. 5% followed by fracture(22. 2 %, lumbar HNP(11.1 %), and contusion(9.4 %) in order. The causes of accident were handling heavy materials(34.2 %), upset(17.1 %), stenosis(16.2 %), and falling(6.8 %) in order. CONCLUSIONS: By the above results, to prevent the industrial accidents in automobile factories in Korea, preventive activities for handling heavy materials and back injury, and continuous industrial education are necessary.
Accidents, Occupational* ; Automobiles* ; Back Injuries ; Education ; Humans ; Korea ; Sprains and Strains

No abstract available.
Fractures, Open*

Component fixation on the acetabular side is not as much of a problem because of the simpler geometry and loading configuration. It is generally accepted that hemispheric component design is preferable and immediate implant stability can be achieved by using screws or spikes in the porous coated implants. The authors reviewed 130 primary noncemented porouscoated, press fit acetabular component in 110 patients; 84 were AML (Anatomical Medullary Locking) and 46 were HarrisGalante acetabular component. Radiologic analysis at a minimum of 3 years(average 4.5 years) was done with special regards to the vertical and medial migration, screw size and numbers, change of the radiolucent line and its zone with its fate and acetabular cup angles on the acetabular component by the 2 observers. Progressive radiolucent line at the component-bone intersurface were found in 14 cases(11%), frequently located in zone I and zone I & II. No significant vertical, medial migration and change of the acetabular cup angle were found. No screw and spike failure had occurred. No component had to be revised because of loosening. As a whole, in our 3-years experience we report excellent results with porous coated acetabular component although it dose not ensure long-term sucess.
Acetabulum ; Hip ; Humans

Abdominal pregnancy that is a life threatening variant of ectopic pregnancy, has been a rare event with high maternal mortality. It is very difficult to diagnose a abdominal pregnancy clinically. We have experienced a case of early abdominal pregnancy diagnosed at emergency laparotomy and this case was presented with a brief review of the literatures.
Emergencies ; Female ; Laparotomy ; Maternal Mortality ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Abdominal* ; Pregnancy, Ectopic

BACKGROUND: This study was conducted to reveal the health effects of air pollution on the residents living near waste treatment plant. METHODS: We sampled 190 residents as the hogh exposed group, 192 residents as the moderate group, and 139 residents as the low exposed group according to the geographical distances from the waste treatment plant. Self-administered questionnaires for prevalence of respiratory disease, irritation symptoms of mucous membrane (eye, nose, thoat, skin, and respiratory tract), gastrointestinal symptoms, other nonspecific symptoms were conducted. We measured the concentrations of total suspened partcles, Zn, Cu, Cr, Ni, Pb, Cd and As in 3 exposed area. RESULT: Airborne concentrations of total suspended particles measured in exposed area were 485, 365, and 332 micro gram/m(3) which excees the limit value. Airborne concentrations of Zn, Cu, Cr, Ni, Pb, Cd and As were not excees the limit value. The prevalence of respiratory disease of high exposed group (16.8%) was significantly higher than that of moderate group (3.6%) and low exposed group (5.0%). The sysptom score of irrtation sysptoms of mucous membrane, gastrointestinal sysptoms, and other nonspecific sysptoms were increased with exposed level. In multiple linear regression, exposure level was related to all sysptom scores significantly. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that the air pollution of waste treatment plant would influence prevalence of respiratory disease, induce irritation of mucous membrane, gastrointestinal symptoms, and other nonspecific sysptoms.
Air Pollution ; Linear Models ; Mucous Membrane ; Nose ; Plants* ; Prevalence ; Skin ; Surveys and Questionnaires

No abstract available.
Compartment Syndromes*

The possibility that P2X7 receptor (P2X7R) expression in microglia would mediate neuronal damage via reactive oxygen species (ROS) production was examined in the APPswe/PS1dE9 mouse model of Alzheimer's disease (AD). P2X7R was predominantly expressed in CD11b-immunopositive microglia from 3 months of age before Abeta plaque formation. In addition, gp91phox, a catalytic subunit of NADPH oxidase, and ethidium fluorescence were detected in P2X7R-positive microglial cells of animals at 6 months of age, indicating that P2X7R-positive microglia could produce ROS. Postsynaptic density 95-positive dendrites showed significant damage in regions positive for P2X7R in the cerebral cortex of 6 month-old mice. Taken together, up-regulation of P2X7R activation and ROS production in microglia are parallel with Abeta increase and correlate with synaptotoxicity in AD.
Aging ; *Alzheimer Disease/genetics/metabolism/pathology ; Amyloid beta-Peptides ; Animals ; Antigens, CD11b/immunology ; Blotting, Western ; Cerebral Cortex/metabolism/*pathology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Gene Expression ; Mice ; Mice, Transgenic ; Microglia/*metabolism/pathology ; Neurons/metabolism/*pathology ; Plaque, Amyloid ; Reactive Oxygen Species/*metabolism ; Receptors, Immunologic/analysis ; Receptors, Purinergic P2X7/*genetics/metabolism

We evaluated gastric emptying time (GET) by using Tc99m-sulfur colloid gastric emptying scintigraphy in 11 patients with CAPD (6 male, 5 female) and 14 healthy volunteers. We investigated the effect of dialysate dwelling on GET by studying twice, once without dialysate in the abdomen (drained) and once with 2 L of dialysate in the abdomen (full), and the relationship between body surface area (BSA) and delayed gastric emptying. 1) The mean of gastric emptying rate in 120 minute in patients with CAPD when drained (67.8+/-13.4%) was not different from that in healthy volunteers (65.4+/-8.6%) 2) The mean of gastric emptying rate in 120 minute when full (55.6+/-14.6%) was significantly lower than that when drained (67.8+/-13.4%) (P<0.05). In four of the 11 patients (36.4%), gastric emptying was extremely delayed from normal to abnormal range when full. 3) The BSA (1.5+/-0.11m2)of patients who had extremely delayed GET from normal to abnormal range was smaller than that (1.74+/-0.22m2) of patients who had minimal delayed or unchanged GET when full. This study showed the patient with CAPD had normal gastric emptying when drained, and that gastric emptying was delayed by dialysate dwelling, especially in the patients who has less than 1.5m2 of body surface area. Therefore, we suggest that intermittent nocturnal peritoneal dialysis or a small volume of dialysate may be considered for the patient with small body surface area based on the adequacy.
Abdomen ; Body Surface Area ; Colloids ; Gastric Emptying* ; Healthy Volunteers ; Humans ; Male ; Peritoneal Dialysis ; Peritoneal Dialysis, Continuous Ambulatory* ; Radionuclide Imaging