Basagran(R) is a herbicide that is widely used in the field and it acts by interfering with photosynthesis in plants. It consists of bentazone, 2-methyl-4-chloro phenoxyacetic acid (MCPA) and surfactants. Bentazone is commonly used, but poisoning due to Bentazone has not been previously reported in Korea. The patients with toxic effects of bentazone show mild to severe symptoms and various complications. We report here on a case of a woman who intentionally ingested 500 ml of Basagran(R) and she was discharged without complication. As soon as the patient visited the emergency department, we started to treat her as if she had organophosphate intoxication because of the cholinergic symptoms. We could not detect the bentazone in her serum and urine, and we could confirm Basagran(R) ingestion only after getting information from her husband. Bentazone poisoning may induce harmful complications like muscle rigidity, rhabdomyolysis, respiratory failure and cardiac arrest. A detailed history taking, an accurate analysis method and early conservative management will be helpful for patients with acute bentazone poisoning.
Acetates ; Benzothiadiazines ; Cholinergic Agents ; Eating ; Emergencies ; Female ; Heart Arrest ; Humans ; Intention ; Korea ; Muscle Rigidity ; Organophosphates ; Photosynthesis ; Respiratory Insufficiency ; Rhabdomyolysis ; Spouses ; Surface-Active Agents

Gitelman's syndrome is a variant of Bartter's syndrome characterized by hypocalciuria and hypomagnesemia. The administration of thiazide diuretics may induce a subnormal increase of urinary Na+ and Cl- excretion in patients with Gitelman's syndrome, consistent with the hypothesis that less Na+ and Cl- than normal is reabsorbed by the thiazide-inhibitable transporter in Gitelman's syndrome. Specific mutations of NaCl cotransporter, coupled with mutant NaCl cotransporter expression studies clearly demonstrated that many of the characteristics of individuals with Gitelman's syndrome are explained by lack of function of NaCl cotransporter. We recently diagnosed a patient with Gitelman's syndrome by performing the thiazide and furosemide tests, and it is suggested that the clearance studies by diuretic administration may be of diagnostic help in Gitelman's syndrome.
Adolescent ; Bartter Syndrome/*diagnosis/metabolism/physiopathology ; *Benzothiadiazines ; Chlorides/blood/urine ; Diuretics/diagnostic use ; Electrolytes/blood/urine ; Female ; Furosemide/diagnostic use ; Humans ; Kidney/*physiopathology ; Kidney Function Tests ; Sodium/blood/urine ; Sodium Chloride Symporter Inhibitors/*diagnostic use ; Sodium Chloride Symporters ; Symporters/metabolism ; Syndrome

Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus is a rare hereditary disorder characterized by insensitivity of the renal tubule to vasopressin. We report a case of nephrogenic diabetes insipidus associated with severe hydronephrosis in a 18 year old male, which was improved in urine volume, urine osmolarity and urine specific gravity with chlorothiazide therapy.
Adolescent ; Chlorothiazide ; Diabetes Insipidus, Nephrogenic* ; Humans ; Hydronephrosis* ; Male ; Osmolar Concentration ; Specific Gravity ; Vasopressins

Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus is a rare hereditary disorder characterized by insensitivity of the renal tubule to vasopressin. We report a case of nephrogenic diabetes insipidus associated with severe hydronephrosis in a 18 year old male, which was improved in urine volume, urine osmolarity and urine specific gravity with chlorothiazide therapy.
Adolescent ; Chlorothiazide ; Diabetes Insipidus, Nephrogenic* ; Humans ; Hydronephrosis* ; Male ; Osmolar Concentration ; Specific Gravity ; Vasopressins

Background: If phototoxic:ity can be predetermined in vitro, the information will aid in prognosticating whether or not caimpounds have a photosensitizing pczrlial. OBJECTIVE: For the evaluation of the phototoxic potentials of reral drugs, we performed the Candida albicans test and the photohemolysis test. METHODS: The Candida altiicans test is based on growth inhibtion of Candida albicans after application of the drug and ultraviolet light A( UVA ) irradiatior and the photohemolysis test is based on hemolysis of red blood cells caused by irradiation ir the presence of photosensitizing compounds. In the Candida albicans test, clear zones around the drug patches were evaluated, which means positive results for the phototoxic potential of the drugs. In the photohemolysis test, the amounts of hemolysis were evaluated by measuring the relar absorbance at 540nm using a spectrophotometer. RESULTS: In the Candida albicans test, ibuprofen, naldix acid, chlorpromazine and thiodiphenylamine showed positive results, whereas others did not the photohemolysis test, griseofulvin, ibuprofen and nalicdixic acid showed increased amounts hemolysis at UVA and ultraviolet light B(UVB) irracliation, and chlorpromazine, thiodiphenylaiair, chlorothiazide and piroxicam showed increased amounts of hemolysis at UVA irradiation only. CONCLUSION: The results showed that both methods were goodness screening tests for demonstrating the phototoxicity of therapeutic drugs.
Candida albicans* ; Candida* ; Chlorothiazide ; Chlorpromazine ; Dermatitis, Phototoxic* ; Erythrocytes ; Griseofulvin ; Hemolysis ; Ibuprofen ; Mass Screening ; Piroxicam ; Ultraviolet Rays

Hydrochlorothiazide ; pharmacology ; Pharmacogenetics

A 13-year-old boy was diagnosed as having primary nephrogenic diabetes insipidus, and symptoms developed at 3 years of age. Subsequently he developed bilateral hydronephrosis and a neurogenic bladder. His pedigree could be explored back 5 generations and represented an inheritance as an X-linked recessive transmission factor. He was treated with indomethacin 2 mg/kg/day plus chlorothiazide 500 mg/day and this new treatment showed a markedly decreased urine output and increased urine osmolarity. (Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus, Hydronephrosis, Indomethacin)
Adolescent ; Bladder, Neurogenic/etiology ; Chlorothiazide/therapeutic use ; Diabetes Insipidus/complications ; Diabetes Insipidus/congenital* ; Diabetes Insipidus/drug therapy ; Diabetes Insipidus/genetics ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Human ; Hydronephrosis/etiology* ; Indomethacin/therapeutic use* ; Male

The antihypertensive effect of Minizide(0.5mg prazosin hydrochloride and 0.25mg polythiazide per tablet)was evaluated in 30 patients with essential hypertension with a dosage of one tablet a day for four weeks. The results were as follows : 1) Of 30 patients treated with Minizide, 21 patients(70.0%) achieved normalization of blood pressure and 5 patients(16.7%) had good response. 2) Mean drop in systolic and diastolic pressure were 29.0mmHg and 15.9mmHg respectively in supine position(P<0.005). 3) Mean drop in systolic and diastolic pressure were 28.5mmHg and 16.2mmhg respectively in sitting position(P<0.005). 4) In 14 patients(46.7%) among 30 patients treated with Minizide adverse reactions developed. The most frequent one was postural dizziness(23.3%). 5) Most adverse reactions were transient and tolerable. However, in three patients(two patients with postural dizziness and one patient with dry mouth) the medication was stopped due to adverse reactions.
Blood Pressure ; Dizziness ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Polythiazide ; Prazosin

The effects of KCI continus tablet(K-Contin(R)) on the serum level of K and uric acid during hydrochlorothizide therapy(25mg/day) were evaluated in 30 patients with essential hypertensien. The results are as follows : 1) During hydrochlorothiazide therapy(25mg/day), 23% of all patients showed hypopotassemia(<3.5mEq/1) while no patient developed hypopotassemia after potassium supplement therapy(8 mEq/day). 2) During the period of K supplement, the level of serum uric acid showed less elevation. 3) The side reaction of KCI continus tablet were mild indigestion which developed in two patients and disappeared soon without any particular treatment. In conclusion, the KCI continus tablet is useful in the prevention of hypopotassemia during chronic diuretic therapy.
Dyspepsia ; Humans ; Hydrochlorothiazide ; Hypokalemia ; Potassium ; Uric Acid*

Three groups of patients with newely diagnosed hypertension, or with hypertension not optimally controlled by previous treatment, completed a comparative study on the effects of Dihydrochlorothiazide, propranolol, and prazosin on plasma lipids after three months therapy. The drugs showed equipotent antihypertensive effects(P<0.01). Dihydrochlorothiazide administration was associated with a significant elevation of total cholesterol(42%, P<0.05), and triglyceride(8.1%, P<0.01). Changes of HDL-C(5.1%), LDL-C(3.3%), and cholesterol ratio(-4.8%) were not significant. Propranolol administration was associated with significant elevation of total cholesterol(3.8%, P<0.05), triglyceride(14.5%, P<0.005), and LDL-C(5.6%, P<0.005). Reduction of HDL-C(-7.8%, P<0.05) and cholesterol ratio(-14.7%, p<0.005) was also statistically significant. Prazosin administration was associated with significant decrease in total cholesterol(-6.6%, P<0.005), triglycride(-9.6%, P<0.005), and LDL-C(-11.7%, P<0.005), and significant elevation of HDL-C(10.6%,P<0.005) and cholesterol ratio(24.2%, P<0.005) was noted.
Cholesterol ; Humans ; Hydrochlorothiazide* ; Hypertension* ; Plasma ; Prazosin* ; Propranolol*