AIMTo establish the method of HPLC-fingerprint analysis for the quality control of Dalbergia odorifera and identify its main constituents by HPLC-MS.

METHODSThe 37 hatches of samples were analyzed on a Phenomenex Luna C18 column with a gradient of acetonitrile and 0.3% aqueous acetic acid at a flow rate of 1.0 mL x min(-1) and detected at 275 nm. Furthermore, the typical samples were detected by HPLC-DAD-MS under negative ion mode.

RESULTS37 batches of D. odorifera samples were classified into three types based on the results of similarity analysis. According to the comparison of the tR, MS data and UV maximum absorbance (gamma(max)) values with the standards, 10, 7 and 2 phenolic components were identified in three types of D. odorifera extracts, separately.

CONCLUSIONThe method is repeatable and reliable, and it is capable of effectively controlling the quality of D. odorifera.

Benzopyrans ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; China ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Chromones ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Dalbergia ; chemistry ; Flavanones ; isolation & purification ; Isoflavones ; Molecular Structure ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Quality Control ; Reproducibility of Results ; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization

Glycyrrhiza uralensis (or licorice) is a widely used Oriental herbal medicine from which the phenylflavonoids dehydroglyasperin C (DGC), dehydroglyasperin D (DGD), and isoangustone A (IsoA) are derived. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the antioxidant properties of DGC, DGD, and IsoA. The three compounds showed strong ferric reducing activities and effectively scavenged DPPH, ABTS+, and singlet oxygen radicals. Among the three compounds tested, DGC showed the highest free radical scavenging capacity in human hepatoma HepG2 cells as assessed by oxidant-sensitive fluorescent dyes dichlorofluorescein diacetate and dihydroethidium bromide. In addition, all three compounds effectively suppressed lipid peroxidation in rat tissues as well as H2O2-induced ROS production in hepatoma cells. This study demonstrates that among the three phenylflavonoids isolated from licorice, DGC possesses the most potent antioxidant activity, suggesting it has protective effects against chronic diseases caused by reactive oxygen species as well as potential as an antioxidant food additive.
Animals ; Benzopyrans ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; Chronic Disease ; Ethidium ; Flavonoids ; Fluorescent Dyes ; Food Additives ; Glycyrrhiza ; Glycyrrhiza uralensis ; Hep G2 Cells ; Herbal Medicine ; Humans ; Isoflavones ; Lipid Peroxidation ; Rats ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; Singlet Oxygen

Flavonoids have been hypothesized to reduce the risk of chronic diseases, but the lack of a flavonoid database hampered epidemiological studies addressing this issue in Korea. In this study, we developed a flavonoid database, based on a systematic review. A total of 1549 food items containing flavonoids were selected using the Korean Nutrient Database. Among them, flavonoid contents for only 649 food items were evaluated with analytical values and the remaining 900 items were replaced with adaptations or calculations from similar items. The developed flavonoid database covered 93.2% of fruits and fruit juices, 76.1% of vegetables, 98.4% of legumes and legume products, and 85.0% of all plant foods overall (1,549 items) as reported by the 24-hr dietary recall method regarding the 2008 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. We found that this flavonoid database, overall, included 95.6% of all mainly consumed plant foods by Koreans. This flavonoid database is expected to be useful in regards to the correlation study of flavonoid intake and chronic diseases.
Anthocyanins ; Chronic Disease ; Fabaceae ; Flavones ; Flavonoids ; Flavonols ; Fruit ; Isoflavones ; Korea ; Nutrition Surveys ; Plants ; Statistics as Topic ; Vegetables

OBJECTIVETo establish a HPLC-based method for simultaneous determination of 2 classes of compounds (flavonoids and chromones) and 6 their effective components,(including prin-O-glucosylcimifugin, cimifugin, 4'-O-beta-D-glucosyl- 5-O-methylvisamminol, quercetin, sec-o-glucosylhamaudol and formononetin), in Yupingfeng Decoction.

METHODSHPLC-based separation of the agents was performed on Agilent Extend-C(18) column (4.6 mm x 250 mm, 5 microm) at 25 degrees with the mobile phase of MeOH-1% acetic acid water solution (gradient elution), flow rate of 0.8 ml/min and detection wavelength of 254 nm.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONHPLC allowed simultaneous quantitative determination of the 6 components in Yupingfeng Decoction, and they showed good linear relationships when their sample amount ranged 90-1810 ng, 97-1940 ng, 190-1906 ng, 105-3144 ng, 88-2625 ng and 109-3279 ng, respectively, with correlation coefficients all beyond 0.9999 and average recovery rates of 98.2%, 99.1%, 97.3%, 97.8%, 98.8% and 99.2%, respectively. This simple and convenient method accommodated a broad linear range with high sensitivity and precise and reproducible results.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Chromones ; analysis ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Flavonoids ; analysis ; Isoflavones ; analysis ; Quercetin ; analysis ; Reproducibility of Results

OBJECTIVETo investigate the flavonoid constituents of Ipomoea batatas.

METHODThe leaf was extracted with EtOH and partitioned with CHCl3, EtOAc and n-BuOH respectively. The chemical components of EtOAc fraction were isolated by silica gel and sephadex LH-20 column chromatography. The chemical structures were elucidated on the basis of physic-chemical properties and spectral data.

RESULTFive compounds were isolated and identified as: tiliroside (I), astragalin (II), rhamnocitrin (III), rhamnetin (IV) and kaempferol (V).

CONCLUSIONAll of these five compounds were obtained from this plant for the first time.

Benzopyrans ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Flavonoids ; Ipomoea batatas ; chemistry ; Kaempferols ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Plant Leaves ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Quercetin ; analogs & derivatives ; chemistry ; isolation & purification

OBJECTIVETo investigate the chemical constituents of Anaphalis sinica.

METHODVarious chromatographic techniques were employed for the isolation and purification of the constituents. The structures were elucidated by chemical and spectral analysis.

RESULTSix flavonoid compounds were isolated and identified as kaempferol, tiliroside, quercetin, quercetin -3-O-beta-D-glucosides, scutellarin, 5,7-dihydroxy-8-methoxyflavone and one pyrone were isolated and identified as helipyrone.

CONCLUSIONAll of these compounds was isolated from the plant for the first time.

Asteraceae ; chemistry ; Benzopyrans ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Flavonoids ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Kaempferols ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Quercetin ; chemistry ; isolation & purification

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to estimate dietary flavonoids intake of Korean adolescents. METHODS: Using data from the 2007-2012 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, a total of 3,957 subjects aged 12-18 were included in this study. We estimated individual daily intake of total flavonoid and six flavonoid classes including flavonols, flavones, flavanones, flavan-3-ols, anthocyanidins, and isoflavones by linking food consumption data with the flavonoids in the commonly consumed food database. The distribution of sociodemographic, health-related, and dietary factors according to flavonoids intake was examined. RESULTS: Average dietary flavonoids intake of the study subjects was 195.6 mg/d in girls, and 189.4 mg/d in boys. The highest flavonoids intake group consumed significantly more fiber, vitamin C, legumes, fruits, and vegetables (p < 0.01) and less fat, grains, meats and dairy foods than other lower consumption groups (p < 0.001). Dietary flavonoid intake showed negative correlation with waist circumference and systolic blood pressure (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: This study provided basic data for estimation of flavonoids intake of Korean adolescents. Further research will be required for analysis of the association of flavonoids intake and health-related factors such as cardiovascular risk factors.
Adolescent* ; Anthocyanins ; Ascorbic Acid ; Blood Pressure ; Edible Grain ; Fabaceae ; Female ; Flavanones ; Flavones ; Flavonoids* ; Flavonols ; Fruit ; Humans ; Isoflavones ; Korea* ; Meat ; Nutrition Surveys* ; Risk Factors ; Vegetables ; Waist Circumference

OBJECTIVETo study the chemical constituents of Incarvillea younghusbandii.

METHODThe chemical constituents were isolated by various column chromatographic methods and structurally identified by NMR and MS evidence.

RESULTFifteen compounds were obtained and identified as isobergapten (1), sphondin (2), imperatorin (3), xanthotoxin (4), phellopterin (5), heraclenol (6), rivulobirin A (7), methyl oleanolate (8), methyl caffeate (9), grevillic acid (10), boschniakinic acid (11), tert-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(R)-heraclenol (12), 5-methoxy-8-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyloxypsoralen (13), 1'-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-3-hydroxynodakenetin (14) and phenylethyl-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->2)-beta-D-glucopyranoside (15).

CONCLUSIONAll of these compounds were isolated from this plant for the first time and most of them are furocoumarins.

Benzopyrans ; chemistry ; Bignoniaceae ; chemistry ; Caffeic Acids ; chemistry ; Coumarins ; chemistry ; Furans ; chemistry ; Furocoumarins ; chemistry ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; Methoxsalen ; analogs & derivatives ; chemistry ; Molecular Structure

Nine secondary metabolites(S)-5-hydroxy-4-methylchroman-2-one(1), 4-methoxynaphthalene-1,5-diol(2), 8-methoxynaphthalene-1,7-diol(3), 1,8-dimethoxynaphthalene(4),(2R,4S)-2,3-dihydro-2-methyl-benzopyran-4,5-diol(5),(2R,4R)-3,4-dihydro-4-methoxy-2-methyl-2H-1-benzopyran-5-ol(6), 7-O-α-D-ribosyl-2,3-dihydro-5-hydroxy-2-methyl-chromen-4-one(7),(R)-3-methoxyl-1-(2,6-dihydroxyphenyl)-butan-1-one(8) and helicascolide A(9) were isolated from endophytic fungus Cladosporium sp. JJM22 by using column chromatographies of silica gel and ODS, and semi-preparative HPLC. Their structures were analyzed on the basis of spectroscopic and chemical data, especially NMR and MS. All isolated compounds were evaluated for their anti-inflammatory activities by examining the inhibitory activities on nitric oxide(NO) production induced by lipopolysaccharide in mouse macrophage RAW264.7 cells in vitro. Compounds 2-4 showed inhibitory activities.
Animals ; Benzopyrans ; Cladosporium ; Fungi ; Mice ; Molecular Structure ; Rhizophoraceae

OBJECTIVETo study the chemical constituents in rhizome of Astilbe chinensis.

METHODThe constituents were isolated with column chromatographies and the structures were identified by physicochemical properties and spectral analysis (UV, IR, MS, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR and 2D-NMR).

RESULTThe structures were identified as bergenin (1), 11-O-galloylbergenin (2), 4-O-galloylbergenin (3), catechin (4), respectively.

CONCLUSIONCompound 3 was isolated from Astilbe for the first time.

Benzopyrans ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Catechin ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Gallic Acid ; analogs & derivatives ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Rhizome ; chemistry ; Saxifragaceae ; chemistry