BACKGROUND:At present,wrist protection products designed in and outside China have not solved the contradiction between protecting the wrist joint from injury and maintaining the flexible movement of the wrist joint. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the biomechanical mechanism of dorsiflexion injury of the wrist joint in elderly people after falls,and to provide a biomechanical basis for the prevention and treatment of wrist injury in elderly people after falls. METHODS:A 65-year-old man was selected to obtain the original data by uninterrupted CT scan of the middle and lower 2/3 of his left forearm up to the end of the finger.A finite element model of wrist dorsiflexion was established using ANSYS 12.0 finite element software.The palm surface of the model was constrained,and the model at a velocity load of 2 m/s in the direction of vertical downward was given to simulate the injury state of the palm when the elderly fall.The stress distribution of the soft tissues and bones of the wrist joint and the change of the stress with time were observed after the load was applied. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)A realistic and effective finite element model of the dorsal extension position of the wrist joint of the elderly was established.The soft tissue stresses were mainly concentrated in the small fissure of the palm and the dorsal side of the wrist after loading.The skeletal stresses were mainly concentrated in the lower end of the ulnar radius dorsally.The stresses in the lower end of the radius were the greatest.The palmar stresses were mainly concentrated in the middle and lower 1/3 of the radius and the hook bone.The stress distribution of the ulnar radius was asymmetric,and the stresses in the radius were more concentrated.(2)The results of the study are consistent with the clinical situation of a fallen wrist injury in elderly people,and can be used to explain the mechanism of wrist dorsiflexion injury,which can provide the biomechanical basis for the design of wrist protection devices that can be used to prevent wrist injury induced by falling and the treatment of wrist injury in elderly people.

Objective To explore the impact of maternal hepatitis B (HBV) virus infection status on the vaccination effect of the offspring. Methods Eighty-six pairs of HBV-infected mothers and newborns who were treated in Dalian Sixth People^'s Hospital from 2017 to 2019 were selected as the research subjects. According to the strength of the hepatitis B vaccine response, all patients were divided into two groups, the observation group (none or weak response) and the control group (strong response). Hepatitis B virus infection was compared between the mothers of the two groups, and multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of vaccination effect of the offspring. Results The positive rate of HBV DNA in mothers of the observation group was higher than that in the control group. HBV DNA was mainly at high load and HBeAg was at low level. The HBV DNA of the control group was mainly at low load, while the distribution of HBeAg was close. The difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). HBV infection pattern in the observation group was ^"HBsAg(+), HBeAg(+), anti-HBc(+)^" in 14 cases (51.85%), ^"HBsAg(+), anti-HBe(+), anti- HBc(+)^" in 11 cases (40.74%) , while there were 27 cases (45.76%), 25 cases (42.37%), and 7 cases (11.86%), respectively, in the control group. The difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Multivariate logisitic regression analysis showed that HBV DNA positivity, HBV DNA high load, HBeAg positivity, and low HBeAg levels were risk factors for weak response of the offspring vaccination. Conclusion HBV DNA positivity, high HBV DNA load, HBeAg positivity, and low HBeAg levels in HBV-infected mothers were risk factors for weak response of the offspring to vaccines, which should be paid attention to in clinic.

This study aimed to investigate the effect and mechanisms of Ephedra Herb (EH) extract on adriamycin-induced nephrotic syndrome (NS), providing an experimental basis for the clinical treatment of NS. Hematoxylin and eosin staining, creatinine, urea nitrogen, and kidn injury molecule-1 were used to evaluate the activities of EH extract on renal function. The levels of inflammatory factors and oxidative stress were detected by kits. The levels of reactive oxygen species, immune cells, and apoptosis were measured by flow cytometry. A network pharmacological approach was used to predict the potential targets and mechanisms of EH extract in the treatment of NS. The protein levels of apoptosis-related proteins and CAMKK2, p-CAMKK2, AMPK, p-AMPK, mTOR and p-mTOR in the kidneys were detected by Western blot. The effective material basis of EH extract was screened by MTT assay. The AMPK pathway inhibitor (compound C, CC) was added to investigate the effect of the potent material basis on adriamycin-induced cell injury. EH extract significantly improved renal injury and relieve inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis in rats. Network pharmacology and Western blot results showed that the effect of EH extract on NS may be associated with the CAMKK2/AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway. Moreover, methylephedrine significantly ameliorated adriamycin-induced NRK-52e cell injury. Methylephedrine also significantly improved the phosphorylation of AMPK and mTOR, which were blocked by CC. In sum, EH extract may ameliorate renal injury via the CAMKK2/AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway. Moreover, methylephedrine may be one of the material bases of EH extract.
Rats ; Animals ; Doxorubicin/adverse effects* ; Nephrotic Syndrome ; AMP-Activated Protein Kinases/metabolism* ; Signal Transduction ; TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism* ; Apoptosis