Child, Preschool ; Cystathionine beta-Synthase ; genetics ; Folic Acid ; blood ; metabolism ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Heart Defects, Congenital ; enzymology ; genetics ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Methylenetetrahydrofolate Dehydrogenase (NADP) ; genetics ; Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (NADPH2) ; genetics ; Methyltransferases ; genetics ; Minor Histocompatibility Antigens ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Risk Factors

Objective To observe the effects of Xianfu Wenyang Tongluo Drink (XFWYTLD) on ANCA associated antigen in rats with thromboangiitis obliterans;To discuss its mechanism. Methods Totally 72 SPF male Wistar rats were randomized into sham-operation group, model group, Mailuoning Granule group and XFWYTLD low, medium, and high dose groups. Method of femoral artery injecting sodium laurate was used to duplicate models. From the second day after modeling, the rats in sham-operation group and model group were fed with distilled water, while other groups received gavage with relevant medicine. 15 days later, the activity of MPO in serum was detected through the method of ultraviolet spectrophotometry;the protein expressions of PR3 and LAMP-2 in femoral artery and the surrounding tissues were detected through the method of immunohistochemisty. Results Compared with sham-operation group, the activity of MPO in serum and the protein expressions of PR3 and LAMP-2 in rats of model group were significantly higher;Compared with model group, the activity of MPO in serum and the protein expressions of PR3 and LAMP-2 in rats of all medication administration groups decreased, among which the XFWYTLD medium dose group showed the most obvious decrease. Conclusion XFWYTLD may lower levels of ANCA associated antigen, and further inhibit humoral immune function.

OBJECTIVETo investigate effects of Shenfu injection on the concentrations of plasma tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin-6 (IL-6), activity of Nuclear Factor kappa B (NF-kappaB) and heart tissue ultrastructure during myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in rats and its potential mechanism.

METHODSMyocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) was produced by ligation and release of the left anterior descending coronary artery. Ischemia lasted for 30 min and reperfusion for 60 min. Twenty-four healthy male SD rats weighing 230-280 g were randomly divided into three groups (n = 8, each): Group I (Sham-operation group); Group II (I/R group); Group III (Shenfu group), in which Shenfu injection (10 ml/kg) was intraperitoneally injected 30 min before ischemia in animals with I/R. The plasma concentrations of IL-6 and TNF-alpha were measured by ELISA, and the heart was harvested for determination of NF-kappaB levels by Ecl-western blot analysis. Electron microscopy was used to study its ultrastructure.

RESULTSAfter reperfusion, NF-kappaB binding activity in myocardial nuclei and the plasma concentrations of IL-6 and TNF-alpha were significantly increased in Group II, compared with Group I (P < 0.01), and they were markedly reduced in Group III, compared with Group II (P < 0.01). In addition, electron microscopic examination showed more serious injury of the myocardium ultrastructure in Group II, while in Group III the myocardial ultrastructure was similar to normal state.

CONCLUSIONSShenfu injection inhibits NF-kappaB activity in I/R myocardium and leads to down-regulation of proinflammatory cytokine expression, which might be one of the molecular mechanisms of Shenfu injection in cardioprotection.

Animals ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Interleukin-6 ; blood ; Male ; Myocardial Reperfusion Injury ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; pathology ; Myofibrils ; ultrastructure ; NF-kappa B ; antagonists & inhibitors ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; analysis

Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pharynx ; metabolism ; Receptors, Leptin ; metabolism ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive ; metabolism

Objective To investigate the role of mucosal mast cells infiltration and degranulation with nerve growth factor (NGF)in development of visceral hypersensitivity in Sprague-Dawley (SD)rats. Methods The model of visceral hypersensitivity of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)was established in 19 neonate SD rats with intestinal stimulation (rectalballon distention)on 8th,10th and 12th postnatal days. The other 19 neonate SD rats without colonic distention were assigned to the control group.After rats grew up (six to eight weeks old),the visceral sensitivity was tested by abdominal withdrawal reflex (AWR)in 10 rats of each group.Mast cell infiltration and degranulation were observed with toluidine blue staining in colon tissue slides.The NGF level of intestinal tissues was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)methods in the left nine rats of each group.The culture system of dorsal root ganglias (DRG)from the neonatal rats was set up.The changes of electrophysilogical characters of DRG stimulated with NGF (100 ng/mL)for four days were recorded with patch-clamp.Paired t test was performed for comparison between groups.Results The results of AWR indicated that neonatal colonic stimulation could significantly increase visceral sensitivity after growing up.Under 20,40 and 60 mmHg (1 mmHg=0.133 kPa)distention pressure,visceral sensitivity scores of visceral hypersensitivity rats and rats of control group were 1 .00±0.50 vs 1 .67 ±0.50,1 .89 ±0.31 vs 2.89 ±0.34 and 2.89 ±0.33 vs 3.89±0.33,the differences were statistically significant (t=-2.83,-6.00 and -6.00,all P <0.05 ). The results of master cells staining in tissue slides showed colonic master cells infiltration was obvious in rats with visceral hypersensitivity,and part of mast cells were degranulation.The result of ELISA demonstrated that NGF level of visceral hypersensitivity rats was significantly higher than that of control group ((11.07±3.06)pg/mg vs (2.38 ±1.88)pg/mg,t =-6.93,P <0.05).The results of electrophysilogical tests of primary cultured DRG indicated that compared with blank control growp,the action potential threshold of neuron in NGF 100 ng/mL group significantly decreased ((-18.0±2.1 )mV vs (-29.0 ± 2.5 )mV,t = 12.26,P <0.05)and discharge frequency increased ((5 .0± 1 .4 )/800 ms vs (12.0 ± 3.2)/800 ms,t=-8.40,P <0.05 ).Meanwhile,neuron voltage-gated K+ current density remarkably decreased,most were sustained delayed rectifier K+ current (I K )decreasing ((279.0 ±48.0)pA/pF vs (203.0±39.0)pA/pF,t=6.18,P <0.05).Conclusion Colonic stimulation in neonatal rats could cause intestinal master cells infiltration and degranulation,which induced changes of neuron electrophysilogical characters and resulted in visceral hypersensitivity after growing up.

Objective To evaluate the association of thrombin activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor (TAFI)and its encoding gene CPB2 polymorphism with myocardial infarction.Methods CPB2 gene (Thr325Ile)polymorphism were typed by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP)in patients of myocardial infarction(n=100)and a control group(n=90).The antigen(Ag) and the activity(Act)of TAFI were determined by ELISA and chromogenic assay respectively.The relationship between Thr325Ile gene polymorphism and TAFI Ag and Act were also analyzed.Results In MI group TAFI Ag and Act[TAFI Act(51.4?9.3)?g/ml,TAFI Ag(145.6?33.5)%]were significently higher than those of control group[TAFI Act(25.7?5.6)?g/ml,TAFI Ag(76.5?24.8)%] (t=22.927 2,P

Objective To evaluate the effect of acarbose on the circulating concentration of inflammatory factors in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM). Methods Total 118 patients with T2DM who did not take acarbose before enrollment within 4 weeks were recruited by a randomizing formula into 2 groups ( group A and B). 57 healthy subjects were included into group C as control. After excluding those of inadequate samples, 57 patients with T2DM were enrolled into group A in which acarbose was prescribed 50 mg three times a day, 59 patients with T2DM were enrolled into group B in which acarbose was not given and other hypoglycemic approaches were similar to group A. Serum samples at the time of enrollment and at the end of 4 weeks intervention were collected and stored in refrigerator at -80℃ until analysis. Analysis of biochemical indexes was performed in central lab of the institution,inflammatory factors were determined with commercial ELISA kits. Results (1) The metabolic indexes were significantly decreased after intervention in two diabetic groups. (2) The baseline levels of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), tumor necrosis factor-α( TNF-α), prothrombin activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), lipopolysaccharide (LPS), high sensitive C reactive protein ( hs-CRP), and advanced glycation index (AGI) in diabetic patients were significantly higher than in group C MCP-1 [( 463.4± 187.1 vs 267.1 ± 158.3 ) pg/ml, TNF-α( 12.07 ± 19.59 vs 4.18 ±3.03 ) pg/ml, PAI-1 ( 2.47 ± 1.87 vs 1.38 ± 2.37 )ng/ ml, LPS ( 130.6 ± 128.5 vs 29.39 ± 17.93 ) pg/ml, hsCRP(4.25 ±2.29 vs 2.11 ± 1.07 ) μg/ml, AGI (3.78 ± 2.61 vs 0. 74 ± 0. 15 ) AU, all P ＜ 0. 05]. (3) Repeated measurement ANOVA analysis showed that after four weeks of intervention, MCP-1 [F( 1,106 ) = 19. 830, P＜0.001],LPS[F(1,106)=7.815, P＜0.01], PAI-1 [F(1,106)= 7.792, P＜0.01], TNF-α[F(1,106=24. 656, P=0.001 )] ,AGI[F( 1,106)= 12. 971 ,P=0. 01] decreased significantly in group A than in group B. Although hsCRP decreased in both group A and group B, but the trend was not different [F( 1,102 )= 0. 915, P = 0. 342].Conclusion The levels of inflammatory factors were elevated in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, which could be mostly reduced by acarbose.

Cancer incidence(1950 ～ 1995) among 27 011 medical X-ray workers in comparison with 25 782non X-ray medical specialists between 1950 and 1980 in China was investigated. The average cumulative dose received by the X-ray workers also reconstructed by retrospective dosimetry methods. Significant cancer risk was seen among medical X-ray workers(RR = 1.2). Significantly elevated risks were found in leukemia, cancer of skin, female breast, lung, liver, bladder and esophagus, the RRs were 2. 2, 4. 1,1.3, 1.2, 1.2, 1.8 and 2. 7 respectively. The patterns of cancer risk were associated with years since beginning of X-ray work, age and calendar year of initial employment and cumulative dose suggest that the risks of leukemia, skin cancer and female breast cancer, possibly thyroid cancer were related to occupational exposure to X-rays. A significant cancer risk could be induced by prolonged exposure to low dose ionizing radiation when the cumulative dose reached a certain level.

Objective To explore the expression level and possible reasons of Tau protein in Beagle dog model of ischemic cerebral white matter(WM) demylination.Methods Sixteen adult Beagle dogs were divided into the sham operation group(A) and observation group B,C and D according to the completely random mumber table method,4 cases in each group.Different.degrees of cerebral ischemia animal models were established by 4-vessel occlusion(4-VO) method.The bilateral ventricle edge white matter (WM) was selected.The oligodendrocyte precursors(OPCs) were labeled by NG2.The mature oligodendrocytes(Ols) were labeled by CNPase.Tau,NG2 and CNPase were detected by using the immunohistochemical method.The expression level was quantified by the mean optical value.The correlation among Tau,NG2 and CNGase was analyzed by adopting the Pearson linear correlation analysis.Results The HE staining showed obvious changes of WM demylination after chronic cerebral ischemic.The scores after LFB staining in the group A,B,C and D were(0.75 ± 0.71) points,(1.38 ± 0.06) points,(1.63 ± 0.52) points and (1.88 ± 0.64)points.Compared with the group A,the scores in the group B,C and D were much higher(P＜0.05).Compared with the group A,the expression levels of Tau protein and NG2 were significantly increased(P＜0.05),while the CNPase expression level was significantly decreased(P＜0.05).The Pearson correlation analysis showed that Tau expression level was positively correlated with the NG2 expression level(r=0.277,P=0.006);Tau and NG2 were negatively correlated with the CNPase level(r=-0.303,-0.402,P=0.003,0.001).Conclusion The increase of Tau expression in Beagle dog model of ischemic cerebral WM demylination may be related to the differentiation dysmaturity of OPCs.

Objective To observe the clinical effect of stemless hip replacement.Methods The stemless hip replacement was performed in 40 cases and the effect evaluated.Results Follow-up for average 24.6 months(6-48 months)showed satisfactory outcomes in all cases after the stemless hip re- placement.Based on harris scale(averaging 90.6),the excellent result was,seen in 28 case(70%),good in eight(20%)and common in four(10%),with total excellence rate of 90%.Conclusions Stemless hip replacement is characterized by little trauma,less blood loss,less complications and fitting for revision. The general effects of this technique are satisfactory.It is especially suitable for the old and weak cases or the young cases who need hip replacement.The long term outcomes need further evaluation.