As a clean, efficient, and renewable energy, hydrogen is regarded as a promising alternative. Because of using biomass as substrate, microbial fermentative hydrogen production can meet the need of sustainable development. The factors affecting the process of microbial fermentative hydrogen production, are analyzed in this paper on the basis of microorganisms, substrates, products and operative parameters. The parameters related to hydrogen production from organic wastes, are also mentioned.

Objective To evaluate the performance of emergency test and the applicability under complex field conditions of biochemical modules of field point-of-care test ( POCT ) system ( type A ) .Methods The precision and anti-interference ability of albumin ( ALB ) , total bilirubin ( TBIL ) , alanine transaminase ( ALT ) , aspartate transaminase (AST),blood area nitrogen(BUN),creatinine(CREA),uric acid(UA),lactate dohydrogenase(LDH),creatine kinase ( CK) ,and glucose( GLU) detected by field POCT system( A) were analyzed according to standards formulated by National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards(NCCLS).Field POCT system(A) and Coulter Beckman AU2700 automatic biochemical analyzer were used to detect the serum of 22 clinical cases respectively.After simulating the field environment by adjusting the temperature and humidity, we compared the results of mixed serum under different environment conditions. Results The coefficients of variation in total precision of ALB,TBIL,ALT,AST,BUN,CREA,UA,LDH,CK,and GLU detected by field POCT system(A) were 3.34%,6.54%,6.01%,4.80%,3.95%,5.59%,3.33%,6.19%,7.40%,and 4.56%(LevelⅠ);and 3.08%,4.47%,4.02%,4.31%,3.76%,4.22%,2.93%,5.25%,6.39%,and 4.35%(LevelⅡ) respectively.When triglycerides( TG) level was at 21 mmol/L, the interference rate was below 10%.When bilirubin level was at 120 μmol/L, the interference rate of ALT,AST and CREA was -33.33%,-22.99%,20.00%(LevelⅠ), and -22.13%,-14.55%,and 8.70%(LevelⅡ),respectively.When its level was at 240 μmol/L, the interference rate of UA was -16.67%and -24.69%, respectively at two levels;if hemoglobin( Hb) was at 170 mg/dl, the interference rate of TBIL and LDH was 20.00%,and 99.26%(LevelⅠ),and 15.38%,and 40.79%(LevelⅡ),respectively;if it was at 340 mg/dl, the interference rate of ALT and AST was 9.84% and 13.79%(LevelⅠ), and 12.30%,and 12.27%(LevelⅡ),respectively;if it was at 510 mg/dl, the interference rate of CREA,UA and Ck in LevelⅠwas 26.67%, 16.67%,and 11.74%.The R2 of linear regression between field POCT system( A) and AU2700 automatic biochemical analyzer were 0.961,0.995,0.989,0.995,0.990,0.989,0.989,0.963,0.978,and 0.993, respectively.The POCT system could not work at 35℃ or higher temperature, and there was no difference in the results of detection between temperatures of 10-30℃or RH of 70%-90% and normal temperature and humidity(20℃,RH 50%) (P>0.05). However, the result of ALT and CK at high temperature and humidity was significantly higher than at normal temperature and humidity(P<0.001,and P=0.011, respectively).Conclusion The biochemical module of field POCT system(A) has a good correlation with the common large biochemical analyzer, and its precision meets the requirement of laboratory detection, but jaundice and hemolytsis can interfere in several tests to varying degrees.The POCT system can basically ensure accurate detection under field conditions of temperature and humidity, but should not work under extreme environments.

Objective To investigate the application of artificial neural network analysis on computerized transrectal ultrasound (ANNAcTRUS) in early detection of prostate cancer.Methods Sixty men with or without prior biopsies, either due to elevated PSA or abnormal digital rectal findings, were included in this study from January 2014 to July 2015.Patient's mean age was (65.6 ± 8.9) years (51-89 years).Their PSA level was (9.8 ± 4.9)μg/L.The patients received the ANNAcTRUS targeted 6-core biopsy.Each patient received six targeted biopsies of suspicious regions, which was identified by ANNAcTRUS online system.Histopathologic examination was further carried out to confirm the result of the targeted biopsies.Results According to the results of ANNAcTRUS,52 of 60 patients received biopsy in ANNAcTRUS group.ANNAcTRUS targeted 6-core biopsy was able to detect prostate cancer in 24 (46.2％) of 52 patients.The distribution of Gleason Score was as follows : 3 + 3 (n =9), 3 + 4 (n =8), 4 + 3 (n =4), 4 +4 (n =2) and 5 +4 (n =1).For patients without prior negative biopsy,ANNAcTRUS targeted 6-core biopsy was able to detect prostate cancer in 17 (51.5％) of 33 patients.Conclusions ANNAcTRUS targeted 6-core biopsy illustrates a higher detection rate of prostate cancer.Furthermore, ANNAcTRUS targeted 6-core biopsy tends to detect low-grade prostate cancer.

A system analysis about the microbial flora of normal and abnormal soybean sauce liquor from the high-salt-level watery state fermentation was made and the dominant bacteria and yeasts were identified.On the other hand,a discussion of effect of temperature on microbial flora was made.The results indicated that there were no obvious differences about the count of aerobe,spore-producing bacteria,enterobacteriaceae,lactic acid bacteria and anaerobe between the normal and abnormal soybean sauce liquor and there were marked differences about the count of yeasts and salt-tolerant bacteria.The predominant yeasts in normal soybean sauce were Torulopsis and Saccharomyces,accounting for 55.9% and 35.3% of the total yeasts separately,and in abnormal soybean sauce were Pichia,candida and Saccharomyces,accounting for 62.8%,17.9% and 9.0% respectively.

These years with industrial antiseptics and disinfectants widely used, especially unscientifically used, the resistance of microorganisms is more and more serious, which brought much more difficulties to industrial producing. The developments on the resistance of microorganisms to industrial antiseptics and disinfectants, their resistant mechanisms and the control strategies are reviewed, which aids us to reasonably use industrial organic antiseptics and disinfectants in existence and provides academic and scientific basis.

Three osmotolerant yeasts were isolated from three batches of "swollen can" soy sauce produced by a Guangdong condiment plant. These strains grew faster in the media containing 50%～60% glucose or 15% NaCl than in common yeast media. The three yeasts were identified as Pichia etchellsii by using morphological characteristics, physiological and biochemical tests.

One year survey on the concentrations and monthly or seasonal variations of airborne microbe in Guangzhou city were analysed and studied with JWL-IIB airborne microbial sampler. The results showed that the yearly average airborne microbe content of outdoor was 2, 298 cfu/m3, and that of indoor was 1,792 cfu/m3 in Guangzhou city. The monthly variation range of outdoor airborne microbe was from 1,073 to 4,096 cfu/m3, the highest content was 4,096 cfu/m3 in March, and the lowest content was 1,073 cfu/m3 in October. The outdoor airborne bacteria and fungi counts were the highest in spring, next in summer, lower in winter and the lowest in autumn in the four seasons . The yearly average concentrations of outdoor airborne microbe at the Garbage compression station, the business walk street, the key traffic route, the residential area, the industrial district and the garden were 4, 573, 3, 835, 1, 580, 1,413, 1, 197 and 1, 187 cfu/m3respectively; and Ones of indoor at the key traffic route, the tourist three star-route hotel and the subway station were 2,511, 1,699and 1,167 cfu/m3 respectively . The study on airborne microbe can be used for the research of health prevention and environment control measures in Guangzhou .

To study the application and effect of Role-playing in the teaching of Medical Immunology for foreign students.Role-playing method was tried using in the practical teaching of the pathway of complement activation and the related components in the"Medical Immunology" in Grade 2014(83 foreign students),and the teaching effect was analyzed and evaluated.In the study,we found that role-playing teaching method could not only help foreign students develop their initiative and comprehensively understand the difficulties of knowledge,but also cultivate their teamwork and interpersonal communication skills.At the same time,role-playing improved teaching efficiency and quality.Role-playing is a teaching method that meets the learning habits,characteristics,contents and rules of foreign students,which can improve the teaching quality and effect.

The continuous cultivation of Rehmannia glutinosa causes the accumulation of phenolic acids in soil. It is supposed to be the reason of the so called "continuously cropping obstacle". In this study, phenolic acids (hydroxybenzoic acid, vanillic acid, eugenol, vanillin and ferulic acid) were degraded by the extracta of all the tested spent mushroom substrate (SMS) and the maximal degradation rate was 75.3%, contributed by extraction of SMS of Pleurotus eryngii. Pot experiment indicated that hydroxybenzoic acid and vanillin in soil were also degraded effectively by SMS of P. eryngii. The employment of SMS enhanced ecophysiology index to near the normal levels, such as crown width, leaves number, leaf length, leaf width and height. At the same time, the fresh and dry weight and total catalpol concentration of tuberous root weight of R. glutinosa was increased to 2.70, 3.66, 2.25 times by employment of SMS, respectively. The increase of bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes numbers in rhizosphere soil were observed after the employment of SMS by microbial counts. The employment of SMS also enhanced the enzyme activity in soils, such as sucrase, cellulase, phosphalase, urease and catelase. These results indicated that the employment of SMS alleviated the continuously cropping obstacle of R. glutinosa in some extent.
Agaricales ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Agriculture ; methods ; Biodegradation, Environmental ; Hydroxybenzoates ; analysis ; metabolism ; Rehmannia ; growth & development ; metabolism ; Soil ; chemistry ; Soil Microbiology

Objective To evaluate the association of thrombin activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor (TAFI)and its encoding gene CPB2 polymorphism with myocardial infarction.Methods CPB2 gene (Thr325Ile)polymorphism were typed by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP)in patients of myocardial infarction(n=100)and a control group(n=90).The antigen(Ag) and the activity(Act)of TAFI were determined by ELISA and chromogenic assay respectively.The relationship between Thr325Ile gene polymorphism and TAFI Ag and Act were also analyzed.Results In MI group TAFI Ag and Act[TAFI Act(51.4?9.3)?g/ml,TAFI Ag(145.6?33.5)%]were significently higher than those of control group[TAFI Act(25.7?5.6)?g/ml,TAFI Ag(76.5?24.8)%] (t=22.927 2,P