ObjectiveTo investigate and compare the behavioral changes, neuron loss of hippocampus and mossy fiber sprouting between pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus (SE) model and pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) kindling model in rats.MethodsAfter two different epilepsy models were made, Vedio was adopted to observe the behavioral changes. Nissl staining and Neo-timms' staining were separately used to observe and compare the neuron loss of hippocampus and mossy fiber sprouting in the dentate gyrus (DG) at different time points during epileptogenisis.ResultsNo recurrent spontaneous seizure, no neuron loss and no mossy fiber sprouting were found in PTZ kindling model; whereas obvious neuron loss was found in CA1, CA3 of hippocampus and hilus of DG, and mossy fiber sprouting were found in pilocarpine model in parallel with recurrent spontaneous seizures. ConclusionPTZ kindling model resembles absence epilepsy in human, while pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus model resembles chronic temporal epilepsy in human. Neuron loss and mossy fiber sprouting may play an important role in epileptogenisis. Pilocarpine-induced epilepsy model can be regarded as an ideal chronic temporal epilepsy model.

Objective To evaluate the surgical treatment for renal cell carcinoma with inferior vena cava tumor thrombus and the clinical significance of multidisciplinary treatment. Methods Two cases of renal cell carcinoma with inferior vena cava thrombus diagnosed by Doppler ultrasonography and CT were included in this retrospective analysis. The tumor thrombus was in level Ⅱ in one case and in level Ⅳ in the other. Coagulation test and complete blood count were done again before surgery. Human albumin, fibrinogen, prothrombin complex, plasma, platelet, UW and irrigating solution were prepared before the operation.Under general anesthesia, surgery was performed using abdomen inverted Y shaped incision. Right radical nephrectomy was finished by the urological surgeon; the vena cava was completely dissected from the renal vein level to the secondary porta of the liver by the hepatobiliary surgeon, the vena cava and the surrounding branch vein were blocked in the upper and lower vena cava tumor thrombus; tumor thrombus was removed completely by the vascular surgeon. In one case (patient with level Ⅳ thrombus ) where the tumour thrombus invaded the wall of the vena cava, the thrombus was found to be extending to the cavo-atrial junction but not into the right atrium. The left femoral venous-right atrial bypass was established, the cardiopulmonary bypass lasted for 241 mia, and the aorta was blocked for 18 min. Salvage autotransfusion was used during surgery, and the hepatic vein of the secondary liver porta was anastomosed to artificial vascular graft.The data for surgical indication, operation time, operative blood loss and postoperative hospital stay were analyzed. Results Right radical nephrectomy and inferior vena cava thrombectomy were performed successfully, and the two patients were discharged on the 15th and 27th day after surgery, respectively. The two patients were followed up for 1 and 16 months after surgery, respectively, and both survived without local recurrence and distant metastasis. Conclusion Radical nephrectomy and inferior vena cava thrombectomy is the preferred method for patients without metastasis, and multidisciplinary cooperation could shorten the operation time, reduce the tumor recurrence and increase the survival rate of patients.

Objective To detect the disease-causing mutations in Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) gene of DMD or Becher's muscular dystrophy (BMD) patients or carriers. Methods Multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) and denaturing high performance liquid chromatography (DHPLC) were coupled to analyze the disease-causing mutations in DMD gene. Results Ten patients were detected to have deletions in different exons; 1 patient was caused by duplication of exon 50 using DHPLC analysis, and 4 patients were found to be caused by non-sense point mutations. However, the disease-causing mutations of other 5 patients remained to be determined. Conclusion MLPA coupled with DHPLC analysis can be used to detect the disease-causing mutations of DMD or BMD systematically, and provide valuable information for the affected families in preventing from recurrence of DMD or BMD.

BACKGROUNDBmi-1 gene determines the proliferative capacity of normal and leukemia stem cells. Expression of Bmi-1 has been found in all types of myeloid leukemia cells in both humans and mice. This study aimed at assessing the effect of antisense Bmi-1 expression on K562 cells proliferation and p16 protein (p16) expression.

METHODSA transcriptional repressor, Bmi-1 cDNA was cloned by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) of its mRNA from K562 cells. A plasmid expressing antisense Bmi-1 mRNA was then constructed by reverse design of PCR primers and cloned to the plasmid pLNCX2; G418 was added to the medium after the plasmid was successfully introduced in K562 cells by lipofectin-mediated DNA transfection. The effects of the antisense expression on the proliferation of K562 cells were analyzed by using microculture tetrazolium and colony forming. Cell cycle was analyzed by using flow cytometry. The p16 expression of K562 cells was observed by immunofluorescence histochemical stain.

RESULTSK562 cells transfected with antisense Bmi-1 plasmid grew significantly slower than that of controls (the parental K562 and cells transfected with empty plasmid). The colony forming ability of antisense Bmi-1 plasmid transfected cells decreased significantly (P < 0.01) compared with controls. The p16 expression of cells transfected with antisense Bmi-1 was upgraded more apparently than that of controls.

CONCLUSIONThe antisense Bmi-1 gene can inhibit the growth of K562 cell and upgrade expression of p16 in K562 cells.

Cell Cycle ; Cell Proliferation ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16 ; analysis ; Humans ; K562 Cells ; Nuclear Proteins ; antagonists & inhibitors ; genetics ; Plasmids ; Polycomb Repressive Complex 1 ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins ; antagonists & inhibitors ; genetics ; RNA, Antisense ; physiology ; Repressor Proteins ; antagonists & inhibitors ; genetics

AIM To observe the effects of Taxilli Herba from six different hosts (Morus alba L.,Salix babylonica L.,Camellia oleifera Abel.,Castanea mollissima B1.,Liquidambar formosana Hance and Nerium indicum Mill.) on lowering blood pressure of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR).METHODS SHR were randomly divided into 14 groups,captopril positive group (20 mg/kg),model group,and Taxilli Herba groups of 6 different hosts,and each Taxilli Herba group was further divided into high-dose group (5.9 g/kg) and low-dose group (1.48 g/kg);WKY,in addition,was the blank control.And the 20-day consective correspondence medication was applied to the groups,each with eight rats.The caudal arterial systolic blood pressure (SBP) was measured by tail-cuff method before the administration,and on the 10th day and 20th day of the administration.Anaesthesia was performed at the blood collection 12 h after the last administration;and thus final serum contents of nitric oxide (NO) and changes of superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity,plasmatic contents of angiotensin Ⅱ (Ang Ⅱ) and endothelin-1 (ET-1) were determined.RESULTS From the data before and after administration,an SBP drop among all SHR groups was observed on the 10th day of administration,among which the blood pressure lowering effect by high-dose Taxilli Herba from Morus alba L.was very obvious (P ＜ 0.01);remarkable SBP decrease on the 20th day of administration induced by Taxilli Herba from Salix babylonica L,Liquidambarformosana Hance and Camellia oleifera Abel,and high-dose Taxilli Herba from Morus alba L,low-dose Taxilli Herba from Castanea mollissima B1 were detected (P ＜ 0.01).No significant SBP variation was available between the model group and Taxilli Herba groups after10-day administration;all the Taxilli Herba groups exhibited obvious effect in lowering SBP except Taxilli Herba from Nerium indicum Mill,low-dose Taxilli Herba from Morus alba L.and high-dose Taxilli Herba from Castanea mollissimaBl.after 20-day administration,compared to the model group (P ＜ 0.05).Highdose Taxilli Herba from Morus alba L.and Salix babylonica L significantly decreased plasmatic Ang Ⅱ and ET-1 contents of SHR groups in comparison with the model group (P ＜0.01).High-dose Taxilli Herba from Morus alba L.,Salix babylonica L.and Liquidambarformosana Hance significantly increased serum NO release and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity (P ＜ 0.01).CONCLUSION Taxilli Herba from the five different hosts,except Nerium indicum Mill,can lower blood pressure,and there exists an effect difference due to the host variation.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the therapeutic effect and safety of acupuncture at points of The Liver and Gallbladder Meridians for treatment of migraine.

METHODSMulti-central, randomized and controlled trial was used and 253 cases of migraine were divided into an acupuncture group and a western medicine group. The acupuncture group was treated with acupuncture at points of The Liver and Gallbladder Channels with Taichong (LR 3), Yang-lingquan (GB 34), Fengchi (GB 20), Ququan (LR 8) selected as main points, and the western medicine group with oral administration of Flunarizine tablets for 4 therapeutic courses. The total therapeutic effects 3 and 6 months after the treatment, the scores of various symptoms of migraine before and after treatment, and the stability of therapeutic effect in one-year following-up survey were observed in the two groups.

RESULTSAfter treatment, mean times and duration of the headache attack were significantly improved in the two groups (all P < 0.01) with the acupuncture group better than the western medicine group (P < 0.05). The total effective rates for stopping pain after treatment, 3 months and 6 months after treatment in the acupuncture group were 93.0%, 93.0% and 87.7%, respectively, which were better than 85.6%, 86.5% and 69.2% in the western medication group (all P < 0.01). One year later, the stability of the therapeutic effect in the acupuncture group was better than that in the western medicine group (P < 0.05); the adverse reaction and the compliance in the acupuncture group were significantly superior to those in the western medicine group.

CONCLUSIONAcupuncture at points of The Liver and Gallbladder Meridians for treatment of migraine is safe, effective, and with stable long-term therapeutic effect.

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; methods ; Administration, Oral ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Flunarizine ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Gallbladder ; pathology ; Headache ; prevention & control ; Histamine H1 Antagonists ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Liver ; pathology ; Male ; Meridians ; Middle Aged ; Migraine Disorders ; drug therapy ; pathology ; therapy ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

The planning of the fourth national survey on Chinese materia medica resources shall follow the requirement of "carrying out the national survey on Chinese materia medica resources, strengthening the construction of Chinese materia medica resources monitoring and information network" which is according to the document issued by the State Council. Based on the responsibilities of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine which is "organizing the survey, promoting the resource-protection, keeping development and rational utilization", combined with the key problems that need to be solved in current medicinal industry, the related instructions issued by central leadership and the recommendations from NPC delegates, CPPCC members and experts, the planning shall make overall plans and top-level design for the new round of national survey on Chinese materia medica resources.
China ; Data Collection ; Databases, Pharmaceutical ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; supply & distribution ; Goals ; Materia Medica ; supply & distribution ; Research Design ; Social Control, Formal

Objective To learn the prevalence, distribution and risk factors of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) among elderly in Zhoushan City, and to provide the reference for MCI control. Methods A total of 1801 elderly people aged 60 to 79 years old from six districts of Zhoushan City were sampled by method of stratified random sampling. After self-evaluated with Ascertain Dementia 8 (AD8) and screened with Screening Scale for Mild Cognitive Impairment (sMCI), the diagnosis by specialists was conducted for that positive to AD8 and sMCI. Results of 1801 respondents, 873 (48.47％) people were male, and the other 928 (51.53％) people were female; 38.65％ of the people selected aged 60-<65; 90.28％ had a primary school education or were illiterate; 78.51％ had legitimate and healthy wives. A total of 122 elderly people were diagnosed with MCI, and the prevalence of MCI was 6.77％. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that male elderly people (OR=0.53, 95％CI:0.28-1.00) were less likely to develop MCI compared to the female, and the illiterate (OR=2.09, 95％CI: 1.16-3.77) were more likely to develop MCI compared to the educated . Conclusion The prevalence of MCI among the elderly in Zhoushan was 6.77％; the female and the illiterate were more likely to develop MCI.

China ; epidemiology ; Diabetes Mellitus ; diagnosis ; epidemiology ; metabolism ; Glycated Hemoglobin A ; metabolism ; Humans ; Prevalence

OBJECTIVETo explore the prevalence of vision, mental, audibility, language, psychiatry, extremity, and influence factors in the 0 - 7 year olds.

METHODSA total number of 77,727 0 - 7 year old children living in Shenzhen city were tested with tree phase screening under the Chinese standard of evaluation in disabilities.

RESULTSThe prevalence of all disabilities was 5.59 per thousand (adjusted rate was 8.49 per thousand with a false negative of 3.1 per thousand ). The prevalence of mental disease was the highest (1.88 per thousand, with adjusted rate 3.43 per thousand ), the prevalence of language disability was 1.88 per thousand (including retarded language development, with adjusted rate 3.43 per thousand ). The prevalence rates of psychiatry, extremity and audibility disability were 1.59 per thousand, 1.56 per thousand, 1.11 per thousand respectively with of vision the lowest (0.37 per thousand ). The prevalence of all disabilities, audibility, language and mental was on the increase with age. The difference was statistically significant. Among all different age groups regarding psychiatric disease, the highest fell in the 2 - 4 year olds. The prevalence of extremity was not statistically different among age groups. The suspected agents of disease which occurred before or during pregnancy took up 45.7%.

CONCLUSIONThe prevalence of six kinds disabilities in Shenzhen was about 10 per thousand lower than that of the samples of the nation in 1989, but two times higher than that of similar studies in Japan. The prevalence rates of language and psychiatric disease were higher than that of the nation in 1989. The causation should be further studied.

Age Factors ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; epidemiology ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Disabled Children ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Language Disorders ; epidemiology ; Male ; Mental Disorders ; epidemiology ; Prevalence ; Vision Disorders ; epidemiology