OBJECTIVETo explore the acting mechanism of viscera purging method (VP) in purging Fu-organs and benefiting Fei from integral, cellular and molecular levels.

METHODSForty SD rats were equally divided into four groups randomly: the normal group, the model group, the unhitch group and the VP group. Except those in the normal group were untreated, rats were established to intestinal obstruction model by incomplete ligation of the rectum in vitro. The ligation was relieved 48 h after operation in the unhitch group and the VP group, and the animals were fed continuously on routine. Meanwhile, Dachengqi Decoction (DD) 2 ml was given twice a day to the VP group for 2 days. Finally, the serum interleukin 8 (IL-8) and mRNA expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) in the lung tissue were detected by radioimmunoassay and RT-PCR respectively. Besides, the number of pulmonary alveolar macrophages (PAM) in the bronchial alveolus lavage fluid (BALF) was counted and their death rate calculated.

RESULTSCompared with the normal control, the serum IL-8 content in lung tissue in the model rats were remarkably higher (P < 0.01); however, the VP group showed the lowest level of IL-8 content and the highest was shown in the model group. Number of PAM in BALF was higher and its death rate was lower in the VP group than that in the unhitch groups (both P< 0.05). The expression of TNF-alpha mRNA was sinificantly higher as compared with that in the normal group, and lowered after administration of DD.

CONCLUSIONViscera purging method could protect the injured lung tissue to some extent.

Animals ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Interleukin-8 ; blood ; Intestinal Obstruction ; complications ; drug therapy ; Lung ; metabolism ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Phytotherapy ; Plant Extracts ; RNA, Messenger ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Adult ; etiology ; prevention & control ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; biosynthesis ; genetics

OBJECTIVESlow transit constipation (STC) is a colonic motor disorder whose etiology remains unclear. Recent studies have demonstrated a crucial role for interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC) in regulation of intestinal motility. The aim of this study was to examine the distribution of ICC within the normal sigmoid colon and STC patients.

METHODSTwelve patients with STC and eight age-matched controls were studied. ICC were identified with a monoclonal antibody to c-kit by an indirect immunofluorescence method. Immunostained tissues were examined with a laser scanning confocal microscope and the area occupied by ICC was calculated with image analysis software.

RESULTSICC were located in the external muscle layers including longitudinal muscle (LM), myenteric plexus (MP), circular muscle (CM) and submucosal border (SMB). Two types of Kit-positive ICC were observed: bipolar cells characterized by one or two long processes, and multipolar cells with long stellate processes extending in various directions. A higher percentage of ICC was present in the MP regions and CM layers compared with the SMB and LM layers. Tissues from STC patients showed considerably decreased in number of ICC located in the four regions (ICC-LM, ICC-MP, ICC-CM, ICC-SMP), especially for ICC-SMP, almost completely disappeared.

CONCLUSIONDecreased c-kit + ICC in number may play an important role in the pathophysiology of STC. It remains to be determined whether loss of ICC is primary or secondary to another lesion.

Adult ; Aged ; Case-Control Studies ; Colon, Sigmoid ; pathology ; Constipation ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Female ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect ; Gastrointestinal Transit ; physiology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged

OBJECTIVETo explore the clinical effect of therapy of clearing hallow viscera in treating critical patients with gastro-enteric function disorder (GEFD).

METHODSRetrospective analysis was carried out on 96 critical patients. They were 48 patients in the treated group treated with Dachengqi Decoction and 48 patients in the control group treated with Western medicine for promoting gastric dynamic force. The recovery rate, recovery time of gastro-enteric function, incidence rate and fatality rate of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS), as well as the level of plasma endotoxin (ET) before and after treatment between the two groups were compared.

RESULTSComparison between the two groups in gastro-enteric function recovery rate (81.3% vs 45.8%), functional disorder sustaining time in patients who got recovered (1.2 +/- 0.3 days vs 4.0 +/- 1.1 days), incidence rate (29.17% vs 52.08%) and fatality rate (28.57% vs 56.00%) of MODS all showed significant difference (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). The plasma level of ET after treatment in the treated group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONTherapy of clearing hallow viscera has a good effect in treating critical patients with gastro-enteric function disorder, and could reduce the incidence and fatality of MODS.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Critical Illness ; therapy ; Endotoxins ; blood ; Female ; Gastrointestinal Diseases ; complications ; therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Multiple Organ Failure ; etiology ; mortality ; Plant Extracts ; therapeutic use ; Retrospective Studies

Objective To explore the morphology.,proliferative activity and adhesion of adiposederived stem cells (ASC) seeded in the polylactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) scaffold,and to provide experimental data for fabricating tissue engineered tympanic membrane repairment materials.Methods Wistar rats were selected,and the ASC were isolated and co-cultured with the PLGA scaffold. The morphology and proliferative activity of ASC in the scaffold were examined by immunofluorescence of Vimentin and Ki67 respectively.All the immunofluorescence signals were analyzed by a confocal laser scan microscopy system FLUOVIEW FV1000.The adhesion of ASC to the PLGA scalfold was determined by scanning electron microscopy.Results Immunofluorescence of vimentin showed rats ASC displayed normal morphology and grew orderly in the PLGA scalfold.Immunofluorescence of Ki67 showed the normal active proliferation of ASC in the scaffolds.The Ki67 mean positive index ( x ± s) of the ASC in the scalfold was (8.21 ± 1.76 ) ％,while in control group ( cultured without PLGA scalfold ) was ( 9.06 ± 1.95 ) ％.There was no statistic significance between the two groups ( t =1.03,P =0.30 ).Scanning electron microscopy demonstrated ASC adhered well to the PLGA scalfold,the pseudopodia of ASC could also be observed and the proliferative cell conjunction was tight.Conclusion ASC has good biocompatible to the PLGA scaffold and could normally adhere and proliferate in PLGA scaffold.

Objective To investigate the psychological status of patients with brain concussion. Methods A total of 186 patients with brain concussion were evaluated using Symptom Check-List 90 (SCL-90) and the scores were compared with the norms. Results The general scores (137.71±39.48), total mean scores (1.53±0.44) and positive object number (32.90±19.41) of SCL-90, as well as the factor scores ofsomatization(1.57±0.52), compulsion(1.79±0.50), anxiety disorder(1.50±0.49), hostility(1.63± 0.57), phobic anxiety(1.57±0.51), paranoid ideation(1.62±0.51) and psychoticism ( 1.49±0.43) in the patients with brain concussion were all higher than the normal ones (129.96±38.76, 1.44±0.43, 24.92± 18.41, 1.37±0.48, 1.62±0.58, 1.39±0.43, 1.48±0.56, 1.23±0.41, 1.43±0.57, 1.29±0.42, respectively)(P< 0.05). The scores of interpersonal sensitivity (1.67±0.54) were also significantly higher than that of normal (P>0.05). Conclusion Brain concussion may lead to psychological disturbance, for which early interventions should be administered.

Objective To study the correlation between the changes of serum neuron specific enolase (NSE) level and psychological statuses in patients with cerebral concussion.Methods Forty patients with cerebral concussion,admitted to our hospital from January 2012 to December 2012,were chosen in our study as experimental group,and other 40 healthy controls performed physical examination in our Physical Examination Center at the same period were chosen.The serum NSE level in the two groups was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA); Symptom Checklist 90 (SCL-90) scale was performed in 40 patients at different times after injury,and these data were compared with those from the national norm; the correlation between the changes of serum NSE level and SCL-90 scores was analyzed.Results The serum NSE level in the experimental group 1 d after the injury was obviously higher than that in the control group (P＜0.05); 3 and 7 d after the injury,the serum NSE level in the experimental group was close to normal level,which showed no significant differece as compared with that in the control group (P＞0.05).The SCL-90 scores in the experiemtal group 1,3 and 7 d after injury was signficantly higher than that of the national norm (P＜0.05).Positive corelation was noted between serum NSE level and SCL-90 scores 1 and 3 d after injury (r=0.498,P=0.001; r=0.418,P=0.007);however,negative corelation was noted btween the two 7 d after injury (r=0.213,P=0.186).Conclusion Different corelation can be noted between serum NSE level and SCL-90 scores at different time points;combined application of serum NSE level and SCL-90 scores can promote the diagnosis and treatment of patients with brain concussion.

OBJECTIVETo retrospectively compare the therapeutic effects of simple Pemberton's ilium osteotomy and combined unter-trochanter derotation-varisation osteotomy for developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH).

METHODSClinical data of 141 DDH patients who received either simple Pemberton's ilium osteotomy (n=57; 12 male and 45 female; age range 3-8 years) or combined unter-trochanter derotation-varisation osteotomy (n=84; 15 male and 69 female; age range 4-9 years) from January 2004 to January 2009 were collected. Postoperative complications, Severin's radiological outcomes and therapeutic outcomes as evaluated by Mcay criteria were compared between the two groups 2 years after operation.

RESULTSThe patients in simple Pemberton group were followed-up for 30-52 months (mean 38 months) and the patients in the combination group were followed-up for 32-51 months (mean 37 months). There were 7 cases of dislocation, 4 cases of avescular necrosis of femoral head and 5 cases of joint stiffness in simple Pemberton group vs 0 case of dislocation, contraction of the limb and ANFH,2 cases of joint stiffness in the combination group. Two years after surgery, the result as evaluated by McKay criteria was excellent in 27 cases, good in 18 cases and fair in 12 cases in simple Pemberton group vs. 52, 25 and 7 cases in the combination group. The overall clinical outcome in the combination group was better than that in simple Pemberton group. Severin X-ray evaluation showed excellent in 27 cases, good in 15 cases and fair in 15 cases in simple Pemberton group vs. 53, 22 and 9 cases in the combination group,indicating that the overall result in the combination group was better than that in simple Pemberton group.

CONCLUSIONThe overall clinical outcome of the combination group is better than that of simple Pemberton group in the treatment of pediatric DDH, especially in reducing postoperative complications and functional recovery. The patients in the combination group reported a higher postoperative satisfaction as compared with those in simple Pemberton group.

Bone Diseases, Developmental ; etiology ; surgery ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Femur ; surgery ; Hip Dislocation, Congenital ; complications ; surgery ; Humans ; Ilium ; surgery ; Male ; Osteotomy ; methods

OBJECTIVEThe purpose of this study was to investigate the clinicopathologic factors associated with false-negative rate of sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) in breast cancer, and to explore how to reduce the false-negative rate of SLNB.

METHODSThe clinicopathological data of 2265 patients with invasive breast carcinoma who underwent sentinel lymph nodes biopsy (SLNB) in Shandong Cancer Hospital between November 1999 and December 2011 were retrospectively analyzed. We screened 1228 patients who received axillary lymph node dissection after SLNB, and studied the clinicopathological factors that could be associated with false-negative rate of SLNB.

RESULTSThe false negative rate of this group was 10.7% (73/683), accuracy rate was 94.1% (1155/1228), and negative predictive value was 88.2% (545/618). Clinical tumor size (all P < 0.05), calendar year of surgery (all P < 0.05) and numbers of detected SLNs (all P < 0.05) were significantly related with false negative rate and accuracy rate of SLNB, determined by single factor analysis. Logistic regression model analysis showed that calendar year of surgery (P = 0.034) and numbers of detected SLNs (P = 0.012) were independent predictive factors for the false negative rate of SLNB.

CONCLUSIONSFalse negative rate and accuracy rate of SLNB are significantly related to the calendar year of surgery and number of detected SLNs. Strict case selection, standard operation procedure, increaseing numbers of detected SLNs, and improvement of the skill of operators are effective measures to reduce the false negative rate of SLNB.

Adult ; Aged ; Axilla ; Breast Neoplasms ; pathology ; surgery ; Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast ; pathology ; surgery ; Carcinoma, Lobular ; pathology ; surgery ; Carcinoma, Medullary ; pathology ; surgery ; False Negative Reactions ; Female ; Humans ; Lymph Node Excision ; Lymph Nodes ; pathology ; surgery ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy ; Young Adult

BACKGROUNDThe purpose of this study was to investigate the feasibility of avoiding axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) for patients with only one sentinel lymph node (SLN) metastasis. The characteristics and predictive factors for non-sentinel lymph node (NSLN) metastasis of patients with single positive SLN were also analyzed.

METHODSPatients with no and only one SLN metastasis (0/n and 1/n group, n ≥ 2) were selected from 1228 cases of invasive breast carcinoma, who underwent axillary dissection in Shandong Cancer Hospital between November 1999 and December 2011, to compare the characteristics of NSLN metastasis between them. For the 1/n group, the factors that influenced the NSLN metastasis were analyzed by univariate and multivariate analysis.

RESULTSDifferences of the NSLN metastasis between the 0/n and the 1/n groups were significant (P < 0.001). There was no significant difference between the axillary lymph node metastasis on level III in 1/n group and 0/n group (P = 0.570). When the total SLN number was ≥ 4 and with one positive case, the NSLN metastasis was not significantly different from that in the 0/n group (P = 0.118). In the 1/n group, clinical tumor size (P = 0.012), over-expression of Her-2 (P = 0.003), tumor grade (P = 0.018) and the total number of SLN (P = 0.047) significantly correlated with non-SLN metastasis. Clinical tumor size (P = 0.015) and the expression of Her-2 (P = 0.01) were independent predictive factors for non-SLN metastasis by the Logistic regression model.

CONCLUSIONUnder certain conditions, breast cancer patients with single SLN metastasis could avoid ALND.

Adult ; Aged ; Breast Neoplasms ; complications ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Lymph Nodes ; pathology ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; pathology ; Middle Aged ; Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy

OBJECTIVEScreening and identification of differentially expressed genes in human primary hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).

METHODSThe differentially expressed genes subtracted cDNA library of HCC constructed by suppression subtractive hybridization(SSH) technique was screened by colony in situ hybridization, then the positive clones were further screened with PCR amplification. The positive clones were sequenced and analyzed for homology in the Genbank databases with Basic Local Alignment Search Tool BLAST . The novel cDNA sequences were analyzed by Northern blot analysis.

RESULTSThirteen positive clones were obtained, and 11 cDNA sequences were identified. Sequences of 11 cDNA showed that 6 cDNA were homologous with the genes published in Genbank and 5 cDNA were unknown genes. Northern blot indicated that 3 novel cDNA(>300 bp) were only expressed in HCC.

CONCLUSIONThe subtracted cDNA library constructed by SSH technique contains differentially expressed genes of HCC. Three novel cDNA sequences might be differentially expressed genes of HCC. Further screening the library and gaining the whole gene sequence may lay a foundation for identifying differentially expressed genes in HCC.

Base Sequence ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; genetics ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA, Complementary ; chemistry ; genetics ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Gene Library ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; genetics ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Sequence Analysis, DNA