Animals ; Cattle ; Child Development ; Dietary Supplements ; Fatty Acids, Unsaturated ; administration & dosage ; blood ; Growth ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant Nutritional Physiological Phenomena ; Milk

BACKGROUNDOligosaccharides in human milk may protect infants by improving the intestinal micro-flora and fermentation. This study was to investigate effects of infant formula milk consisting of galacto-oligosaccharide (GOS) on intestinal microbial populations and the fermentation characteristics in term infants in comparison with that of human milk.

METHODSThe test formula (Frisolac H, Friesland, Netherland) was supplemented with GOS at a concentration of 0.24 g/dl. Human milk and another formula without oligosaccharides (Frisolac H, Friesland, Netherland) were used as positive and negative control respectively. Growth, stool characteristics, and side effects of the recruited infants were recorded after 3 and 6 months' follow-up, and the fecal species were collected for the analysis of intestinal micro-flora, short chain fatty acid (SCFA) and pH.

RESULTSAt the end of 3- and 6-month feeding period, intestinal Bifidobacteria and Lactobacilli were significantly increased in infants fed with GOS supplemented formula and human milk when compared with infants fed with negative control formula; however, there was no statistically significant difference between GOS supplemented formula and human milk groups. Stool characteristics were influenced by the supplement and main fecal SCFA (acetic), and stool frequency were significantly increased in infants fed with GOS supplemented formula and human milk, while the fecal pH was significantly decreased as compared with that of negative control (P < 0.05). Supplementation had no influence on incidence of side effects (including crying, regurgitation and vomiting).

CONCLUSIONSSupplementing infant formula with GOS at a concentration of 0.24 g/dl stimulates the growth of Bifidobacteria and Lactobacilli in the intestine and stool characteristics are similar to in term infants fed with human milk.

Bifidobacterium ; isolation & purification ; Dietary Supplements ; Galactose ; administration & dosage ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant Formula ; Infant, Newborn ; Intestines ; microbiology ; Lactobacillus ; isolation & purification ; Oligosaccharides ; administration & dosage

OBJECTIVE: To understand the iron stores of the plateletpheresis donors, so as to provide some new experimental data for further exploration and more perfect health examination criteria of the plateletpheresis donors. METHODS: A total of 297 plateletheresis donors conformed to standard in October 2018 were selected by the cross sectional study. The related factors affecting iron stores were analyzed; the effect of plateletpheresis times of donation on the levels of the hemoglobin(Hb) and serum ferritin(SF) as well as the iron deficency rate in the blood donors was also analyzed; the iron stores in the blood donors was evaluated. RESULTS: The SF level in plateletpheresis donors negatively correlated with annual plateletphersis times of donation（r=-0.416, P＜0.001）; The SF level decreased with the increase of annual times of donation（P＜0.05）; The iron deficiency rate in plateletpheresis donors showed the increase trend with the increase of annual times of donation. The iron deficiency rate in male and femal with 18-23 times of donation was 12.5%(8/64) and 40%(6/15) respectively. CONCLUSION The blood center should reduce recruitment frequency and increase the testing of SF for regularly plateletpheresis donors.
Blood Donors ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Ferritins ; Hemoglobins ; Humans ; Iron ; Male ; Plateletpheresis

OBJECTIVE: This article investigated the changes of some biochemical markers and cardiac function in chronic heart failure (CHF), and provided the basis for the diagnosis of CHF. METHODS: New Zealand rabbit CHF model was established using adriamycin (ADR). Twenty New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into model group (=15) and control group (=5), injected with ADR and saline solution the ear vein respectively, 2 times a week, lasting for 8 weeks. After that, myocardial enzymes, carotid artery pressure, echocardiogram (ECG) and phonocardiogram (PCG) of all New Zealand rabbits were detected and recorded. RESULTS: Compared with control group, all parameters of the model group were changed significantly (<0.05). CONCLUSIONS CHF leads to myocardial damage in New Zealand rabbits, decreased systolic and diastolic function, cardiac reserve index can be used to assess cardiac function.
Animals ; Biomarkers ; analysis ; Blood Pressure ; Carotid Arteries ; physiopathology ; Chronic Disease ; Doxorubicin ; Electrocardiography ; Heart Failure ; chemically induced ; physiopathology ; Myocardium ; enzymology ; Phonocardiography ; Rabbits ; Random Allocation

Objective To study the inhibitory effect of T lymphocytes secreting EphrinAl-Caspase-3 in vivo and on the growth of cancer cells in nude mice with breast cancer. Methods Nude mice (n = 35) were inoculated with breast cancer cells to construct a nude mouse model of breast cancer. When the tumor volume reached 0. 1 cm3, 30 nude mice with average size tumor tissue were randomly divided into PBS group, uninfected adenovirus group, T lymphocyte infected with Ad-EphrinAl-Caspase-3 group, and intratumoral transplantation. Tumor size was measured every day 2 to 3. Three groups of tumor-bearing nude mice were selected. After the above-mentioned cell transplantation, the subcutaneous tumor tissue homogenate was obtained every day 2 to 3, and the content of EphrinAl-Caspase-3 was detected by ELISA. At the end of the experiment, the animals in each group were sacrificed by cervical dissection and sliced. The presence of T lymphocytes expressing green fluorescent protein was observed under a fluorescence microscope, and Caspase-3 and Ki-67 were detected by immunofluorescence. Results After one week of inoculation of breast cancer cells into nude mice, the presence of subcutaneous tumors could be touched by hand, which proved that the tumor-bearing animals of breast cancer cells were successfully modeled. On the 8th day after inoculation, the tumor volume of the nude mice in each group became larger, and the difference between the treatment group and the PBS group/T lymphocyte group was extremely significant ( P<0.05). Although the tumor volume of the T lymphocyte transplantation group was slower than that of the PBS control group, there was no statistically significant difference between the two. The expression of EphrinAl-Caspase-3 was detected in the EphrinAl-Caspase-3 treatment group on the 2nd day, reached the peak on the 8th day, and then the secretion decreased gradually. No expression of EphrinAl-Caspase-3 was detected in the PBS control group and the T lymphocyte group. The presence of dispersed green fluorescent protein-labeled EphrinAl-Caspase-3-T lymphocytes was observed in the tumor tissues of the treatment group, while the presence of green fluorescent protein was not detected in the PBS group and the T lymphocyte groups. In the infected cells of the treatment group, the proportion of Caspase-3 positive cells was up- regulated, and the proportion of Ki-67 positive cells was down-regulated. No expression of EphrinAl-Caspase-3 was detected in the PBS group and the T lymphocyte group. Conclusion EphrinAl-Caspase-3 can significantly inhibit the growth of breast cancer cells, thereby exerting an anti-tumor effect.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of indirect haemagglutination assay (IHA) for detection of Schistosoma japonicum infections among boatmen and fishermen in Dongting Lake region, so as to provide insights into improving the schistosomiasis surveillance program among boatmen and fishermen. METHODS: The boatmen and fishermen were detected for S. japonicum infections using IHA and Kato-Katz technique or miracidium hatching test nylon gauze simultaneously at schistosomiasis testing sites in the anchor sites for boatmen and fishermen in the Dongting Lake region during the period from 2014 to 2016, and using IHA for serological screening followed by parasitological testing of seropositives during the period from 2017 to 2019. The sensitivity and specificity of IHA were evaluated for detection of S. japonicum infections among boatmen and fishermen, with the 2014-2016 parasitological testing results as a gold standard. In addition, the seroprevalence of S. japonicum infections was compared among boatmen and fishermen with different characteristics and among years. RESULTS: A total of 306 schistosomiasis testing sites were assigned for boatmen and fishermen, and a total of 143 360 person-time boatmen and fishermen were tested for S. japonicum infections in the Dongting Lake region from 2014 to 2019. The sensitivity and specificity of IHA were 69.9%, 97.3% and 96.1% (χ² = 74.6, P < 0.05), and 70.9%, 74.5% and 71.9% for detection of S. japonicum infections from 2014 to 2016 (χ² = 29.4, P < 0.05), respectively. The seroprevalence of S. japonicum infections reduced from 30.3% in 2014 to 1.8% in 2019 among boatmen and fishermen, appearing an overall tendency towards a decline (Z = 1 552.4, P < 0.05). In addition, male, individuals at ages of 45 to 60 years, full-time boatmen and fishermen were more likely to be seropositive for S. japonicum infections (all P values < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The seroprevalence of S. japonicum infections appeared a tendency towards a decline among boatmen and fishermen in the Dongting Lake region year by year from 2014 to 2019. IHA presented a high efficacy for screening of S. japonicum infections among boatmen and fishermen in the Dongting Lake region.
Animals ; China/epidemiology* ; Hemagglutination ; Humans ; Lakes ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prevalence ; Schistosoma japonicum ; Schistosomiasis/epidemiology* ; Schistosomiasis japonica/prevention & control* ; Seroepidemiologic Studies