Objectives To investigate the expression of 8-Hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanine(8-oxodG)in white blood cell,plasma and urine of rhesus monkey of different age group.Methods 30 female rhesus macaques at different age(1y,5y,10y,15y,20y,25y)were selected and grouped(n=5,each).10 mL of morning urine and 5 mL of fasting venous blood were collected.The level of 8-oxodG expression in plasma,leukocyte and urine was measured by high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(HPLC-MS) method.Results The level of 8-oxodG in leukocytes,plasma and urine was increased along with aging.The level of 8-oxodG was 1.8,1.6 and 1.4 times higher in 25 year group than in 1 year group in plasma,white blood cell and urine,respectively(P＜0.05).The 8-oxodG level was more than 40 times higher in urine than in plasma.Conclusions The expression level of 8-oxodG is increased along with aging.It may be one of the experimental evidence of the aging markers.

Objective: To explore the effect of exercise preconditioning (EP) on pathological cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure (HF) in pressure over-loaded experimental rats.
Methods:A total of 60 SD rats at the age of 6 weeks were randomly divided into 3 groups, n=20 in each group. Sham-operation group, Transverse aortic constriction (TAC) group and EP + TAC group. The cardiac function and structure were evaluated by echocardiography, patholgical changes and HF biomarkers were examined for EP effect at 4 and 8 weeks after TAC.
Results:Compared with Sham-operation group, the cardiac function and structure had obvious changes in the other 2 groups. Compared with TAC group, the ejection fraction in EP+ TAC group increased 15%, the heart weight index and left ventricular weight index decrease 15.7%and 20%respectively at 8 weeks after TAC, all P<0.05. Compared with Sham-operation group, the mRNA and protein expressions of ANP and BNP increased in TAC group at 4 and 8 weeks after TAC, increased in EP+TAC group at 8 week after TAC. Compared with TAC group, the mRNA expressions of ANP and BNP in EP+TAC group decreased 47%and 62%at 4 weeks after TAC, decreased 44%and 28.1%at 8 weeks after TAC, all P<0.05;the protein expression of ANP and BNP in EP+TAC group decreased 22.3%and 48%at 4 weeks after TAC, decreased 21.5%and 38.3%at 8 weeks after TAC, all P<0.01.
Conclusion: EP may improve cardiac pathological hypertrophy in pressure over-loaded rats at the early stage, and delay the heart failure process.

Sugarcane stem is an ideal organ for producing foreign pharmaceutical proteins and chemicals by genetic engineering.A perfect promoter driving foreign gene to express strongly and specifically in sugarcane stem is necessary for this purpose.In order to isolate a Sugarcane stem-specific promoter,a fragment of 1968bp nucleotide sequence(Ppst2a)upstream 5' of sugarcane pst2a gene,which was demonstrated to express specifically in sugarcane stem previously was isolated by using chromosomal walking.Bioinformatical analysis of this sequence shows that the sequence contains some typical elements of a promoter.To identify the stem-specific of this promoter,a construct was derived from pCAMBIA1301,which original CaMV 35S promoter was replaced by the 1968bp nucleotide sequence,and named as pCAMBIA1900.Transformations of pCAMBIA1900 and pCAMBIA1301 to leaves and stem pieces of sugarcane were carried out by using particle bombardment.The transient expression of gus showed that the gus expressed specifically in sugarcane with a little higher level compared with CaMV 35S.It is the first report that pst2a promoter is a potential stem-specific promoter which can further be used in transgenes into sugarcane.

Objective To evaluate influence of Azithromycin on breath hydrogen test(BHT) in acute upper respiratory infection(AURI) in Children.Methods Fasting BHT and lacunose BHT were respectively performed by using HD-1 breath hydrogen detector for 38 inpatients before and after receiving Azithromycin.Fasting BHT of 115 healthy controls were determined.Results After Azithromycin was given,Fasting BHT was lower than that before Azithromycin used(P

OBJECTIVETo investigate effect of particle size on oral absorption of silymarin-loaded solid lipid nanoparuicles.

METHODSolid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) of various sizes (150 nm, 500 nm and 1000 nm) using Compritol 888 ATO as the material and silymarin (SM) as a model drug were prepared. Silybinin concentration in plasma of rats were determined by RP-HPLC with UV detector. The main pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by 3p97.

RESULTResults showed that the AUC of 150 nm SLN was 2.08 fold that of 500 nm SLN and 2.54 fold of 1000 nm SLN treated orally to rats (P < 0.05). The oral bioavailability of 150 nm SLN was remarkably higher than the other two size SLN.

CONCLUSIONThis has important implications in designing of SM-SLN as a new oral drug delivery system.

Administration, Oral ; Animals ; Area Under Curve ; Biological Availability ; Drug Carriers ; Drug Delivery Systems ; Excipients ; Fatty Acids ; Female ; Male ; Milk Thistle ; chemistry ; Nanostructures ; Particle Size ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Silymarin ; administration & dosage ; isolation & purification ; pharmacokinetics

Objective To review the diagnosis and treatment of extra-adrenal pheochromocytoma with a 34cases report. Methods Thirty-four cases of extra-adrenal pheochromocytoma were retrospectively analyzed. Hypertension was observed in 27 cases. Abdominal pain was seen in 10 patients and intermittent hematuria in 2 patients. Serum and urinary catecholamine and urinary VMA were measured in 34 cases. The level of serum or urinary catecholamine elevated in 20 cases and urine VMA elevated in 24 cases. Thirty-four cases had ultrasound examination,25 cases underwent CT scan and 6 cases underwent MER scan.Results Pheochromocytomas of 12 cases were located in the renal hilum, 2 in the lower pole of the left kidney, 1 in the posterior aspect of the inferior vena cava, 3 in the interaortocaval region, 2 in the anterior aspect of the abdominal aorta, 1 in the anterior of the right common iliac artery, 1 in the hilum of the liver, 1 in the posterior o{ the pancreas, 2 in the bladder wall, 1 in the posterior of the descending colon, and 8 cases of multifoci. Twenty-two cases of extraadrenal pheochromocytoma were benign and 12 cases were malignant. Thirty cases were followed up from 6 months to 13 years. Among 27 cases with hypertension, the blood pressure of 22 patients returned to normal and 5 cases were still hypertensive. Nine cases of malignant pheochromocytoma all had tumor recurrence or metastases at one year postoperatively. Six patients died during followed-up from 6 months to 3 years, including 3 cases died of cerebral hemorrhage and 3 cases of tumor metastases. Three cases got stable with 131Ⅰ-MIBG radiotheraphy.Conclusions The accurate detecting extra-adrenal pheochromocytoma is difficult. CT scan could be reliable in localizing the lesions. Surgical resection of the tumor could be the best therapy. Patients of malignant extra-adrenal pheochromocytoma may be treated with 131Ⅰ-MIBG after surgical therapy.

OBJECTIVEThis study is to develop excellent extraction technology of the polysaccharides in the root of the A. potaninii which live in the Taibai Mountain in China.

METHODBased on the extraction with water, the polysaccharides were deposited with alcohol. With the content of polysaccharides was as the index, extraction conditions were investigated systemly. Employed the solid-liquid ratio, extraction temperature, extraction time and extraction number of times were as levels of single factor, the optimal extraction technology of the polysaccharides from the root of the A. potaninii was determined by L9 (3(4)) orthogonal experimental design L9 (3(4)).

RESULTThe optimal technology conditions were that the solid-liquid ratio was 1 : 30, the extracting temperature was 60 degrees C, the extracting time was 3 h and extracting number of times was 3 times.

CONCLUSIONThe optimized extraction technology is simple, reliable and extraction efficiency of polysaccharide is higher.

Campanulaceae ; chemistry ; China ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Plant Roots ; chemistry ; Polysaccharides ; isolation & purification ; Temperature ; Time Factors ; Water ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo study the effect of a low level of galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS) on intestinal bifidobacteria and lactobacilli, and fermentation characteristics in term infants by comparing with human milk and a standard infant formula without GOS.

METHODSA total of 371 term infants from four hospitals of China were enrolled. The infants started with breast feeding. After 1-2 weeks, some of the infants were changed to feeding with formula milk and then were randomly assigned to two formula-feeding groups: with or without GOS supplementation (2.4 g/L). Growth, stool characteristics, and side effects were recorded in a 3-month-follow-up. Faecal samples were collected for analysis of intestinal bacteria (culture technique), acetic acid (gas chromatography) and pH (indicator strip) at postnatal 3 months.

RESULTSCompared with the formula-feeding group without GOS, the contents of bifidobacteria, lactobacilli and acetic acid and stool frequency increased, and faecal pH decreased significantly in the GOS-formula-feeding and the human milk group. There were no significant differences between the GOS-formula-feeding and the human milk groups. Supplementation with GOS did not lead to an increase in the incidence of crying, regurgitation and vomiting.

CONCLUSIONSA supplementation of low levels of GOS in infant formula seemed to improve stool frequency, decrease faecal pH, and stimulate intestinal bifidobacteria and lactobacilli up to levels as found in breast-fed infants.

Bifidobacterium ; isolation & purification ; Dietary Supplements ; Galactose ; administration & dosage ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Infant Formula ; Infant, Newborn ; Intestines ; microbiology ; Lactobacillus ; isolation & purification ; Oligosaccharides ; administration & dosage

Objective To analyze the safety and effectiveness of photoselective green-light laser vaporization of the prostate(PVP)in treatment of large prostate with volume more than 80 ml. Methods Retrospective analysis was performed in 25 benign prostatic hypertrophy patients undergoing the PVP treatment,whose prostate volume was more than 80 ml.Results Twenty-five patients with prostate mean volume of 151.8(84.0-270.0)ml were treated by PVP and 23 cases were finished successfully.One operation was suspended because of bleeding and the other because of damaging orifice.No blood transfusion was needed and no“transurethral resection(TUR)syndrome”happened.Five cases had acute retention and 2 of them needed second PVP.In a mean of 7.9(3.0- 12.0)months follow-up,maximal urinary flow rate(Qmax),international prostate symptom score (IPSS),quality of life score(QOL),and prostate-specific antigen(PSA)level were improved significantly.The volume of prostate reduced after PVP than before PVP but no significant difference was found.Conclusions PVP is feasible in treating large prostate even the volume is more than 80 ml,although it needs better skill.Catheterization for some time is helpful in reducing the incidence of early postoperative acute urinary retention.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the change of nerve growth factor (NGF) mRNA in human detrusor in bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and their implication.

METHODSEight cases of bladder cancer and 40 patients with BPH were included in this study. All patients were divided into three groups, a control group, an obstructive detrusor stability group and an obstructive detrusor instability group. NGF mRNA in detrusor from all patients was measured using a RT-PCR.

RESULTSThe RT-PCR study indicated that NGF mRNA was expressed in detrusor of three groups of patients. There were significant differences among the three groups (P < 0.01). The expression of NGF mRNA in the obstructive instability group was higher than that in the obstructive stability group and in the control group. The NGF mRNA level in the obstructive stability group was higher than that in the control group.

CONCLUSIONThe expression of NGF mRNA in detrusor was elevated in BOO with BPH. The elevated expression of NGF mRNA might be correlated with detrusor instability (DI) due to BOO.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nerve Growth Factor ; genetics ; metabolism ; Prostatic Hyperplasia ; metabolism ; RNA, Messenger ; metabolism ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Urinary Bladder ; metabolism ; Urinary Bladder Neck Obstruction ; metabolism ; Urodynamics ; physiology