Objective To investigate the effects of anaesthetic concentration of sevoflurane on TM3 mouse leydig cell viability.Methods TM3 mouse leydig cells were randomly divided into 3 groups ( n =24 dishes each):control group (group C),2％ and 5％ sevoflurane groups (groups SEV1 and SEV2 ).The cells were collected after being exposed to sevoflurane or 95 ％ room air + 5 ％ CO2 for 2,4 or 6 h (T1-3) for microscopic examination with optical binocular inverted microscope.The number of live cells was counted by using cell counting kit8.Gene chips were used to indentify differentially expressed genes between group C and group SEV2 after being exposed to air and 5 ％ sevoflurane for 6 h respectively.Results The leydig cell viability was significantly decreased at T3 in group SEV2 as compared with groups C and SEV1.Morphological changes were found only in group SEV2.A total of 45 genes were identified to be differentially expressed in group SEV2 as compared with group C.The level of expression of prostaglandin-endoperoxidase synthase 2 gene (Ptgs2),chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2(CCL2) gene and dual specificity phosphatase1 (Dusp1) gene increased by at least 4 times in group SEV2.Conclusion Sevoflurane can inhibit the cell viability of TM3 mouse leydig cell in concentration dependent manner through abnormal expression of Ptgs2,CCL2 and Dusp1 genes.

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common arrhythmia type. It affects more than 80％ of the elderly. The main hazards are stroke and other systemic thromboembolism. Compared with the strokes caused by other causes, the disability, mortality and recurrence rate of AF-related stroke are higher. Therefore, the prevention of stroke in patients with AF is critical. Anticoagulation is the core therapeutic strategy for stroke prevention in patients with AF. This article reviews various oral anticoagulants for stroke prevention in patients with AF.

PURPOSE: Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is characterized by the excessive production of mucus. However, the molecular mechanism underlying mucin overproduction in CRS with or without nasal polyps (CRSwNP and CRSsNP, respectively) is poorly understood. This study was conducted to assess the importance of the transcription factor FoxA2 in mucin production and to investigate the targeting of FoxA2 as a potential therapeutic strategy for mucus hypersecretion in CRS patients. METHODS: We enrolled 15 CRSwNP patients, 15 CRSsNP patients, and 10 normal controls in this study. The expression levels of FoxA2, MUC5AC, and MUC5B in inflamed and healthy nasal tissues were examined via immunohistochemistry and quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, and the levels of several proinflammatory cytokines in nasal secretions were measured via FlowCytomix analysis. In addition, the expression of MUC5AC and FoxA2 was determined in polyp-derived epithelial cells and NCI-H292 cells after in vitro stimulation. RESULTS: FoxA2 was significantly down-regulated, and MUC5AC and MUC5B were significantly up-regulated in both the CRSwNP and CRSsNP patients compared to the controls (P<0.05), and the protein level of FoxA2 was negatively associated with the IL-6 level in the CRS patients (P<0.05). IL-6 significantly increased MUC5AC expression but inhibited FoxA2 expression in vitro (P<0.05). Transfection with a FoxA2 expression plasmid significantly decreased MUC5AC promoter activity (P<0.05) and inhibited IL-6-induced MUC5AC production (P<0.05). In addition, clarithromycin significantly alleviated IL-6-induced FoxA2 suppression and decreased MUC5AC expression in vitro (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that FoxA2 may be considered a therapeutic target for the modulation of mucus hypersecretion in CRS patients.
Clarithromycin ; Cytokines ; Epithelial Cells ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Interleukin-6 ; Mucins ; Mucus ; Nasal Polyps* ; Plasmids ; Transcription Factors* ; Transfection

BACKGROUND:The pedicle navigation template has many advantages,but there are still some problems.For example,poor soft tissue dissection leads to poor adhesion of the pedicle navigation template,resulting in screw path deviation;careful dissection of soft tissue to fit the pedicle navigation template leads to prolonged surgery time and increased bleeding;the design of the pedicle navigation template cannot predict the vertebral rotation and the impact of body position changes,resulting in the poor fitting. OBJECTIVE:To explore the utility of a new 5-point positioning point-contact pedicle navigation template in the case of scoliosis and complex pedicle. METHODS:A total of 20 patients with scoliosis and complicated pedicle admitted to the Department of Spinal Surgery,Guizhou Hospital,Beijing Jishuitan Hospital from February 2020 to February 2023 were selected for scoliosis orthopedics.During the operation,the 5-point positioning point-contact pedicle navigation template was used to guide the screws.According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria,34 cases were matched as the empirical nail placement group,and conventional barehanded nail placement was performed.The time of placement,the amount of bleeding,the number of fluoroscopies,the number of manual diversions,the level and accuracy of pedicle screws,the complications of placement,and the rate of correction of main curvature were compared between the two groups. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)There were no significant differences in sex,age,coronal Cobb's angle of the main curvature,bending Cobb's angle of the main curvature,pedicle variation,apex rotation,fusion segment,number of screws,level of screws,accuracy of screws,and rate of correction of main curvature between the navigation template group and the empirical nail placement group(P>0.05).(2)Compared with the empirical nail placement group,the navigation template group had more advantages in time of placement(P=0.034),amount of bleeding(P=0.036),number of fluoroscopies(P=0.000)and number of manual diversions(P=0.021).(3)There were 0 cases of screw-related complications in both groups.(4)In conclusion,the 5-point positioning point-contact 3D printing pedicle navigation template has a claw-like structure.It can firmly adapt to various deformities of the lamina articular process,avoid drift,and accurately place the screws.It has a point-like contact lamina structure to avoid extensive and complete dissection of the posterior structure,and reduce bleeding,operation time,and trauma.Pre-designed screw entry points and directions can reduce the number of fluoroscopy and operation time.Segmental design can avoid discomfort due to changes in anesthesia position.The operation is simple and the accuracy of screw placement is high.

Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is a kind of immune mediated inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system manifesting with optic neuritis and acute transverse myelitis,which takes a relapsing or progression course.The exact etiology and pathogenesis are not clear.There are a lot of researches on immune pathogenesis;in addition,the pathogenesis also involves genetic,environmental,oxidative stress and other factors.

BACKGROUND: A polygenic risk score (PRS) derived from 112 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for gastric cancer has been reported in Chinese populations (PRS-112). However, its performance in other populations is unknown. A functional PRS (fPRS) using functional SNPs (fSNPs) may improve the generalizability of the PRS across populations with distinct ethnicities. METHODS: We performed functional annotations on SNPs in strong linkage disequilibrium (LD) with the 112 previously reported SNPs to identify fSNPs that affect protein-coding or transcriptional regulation. Subsequently, we constructed an fPRS based on the fSNPs by using the LDpred2-infinitesimal model and then analyzed the performance of the PRS-112 and fPRS in the risk prediction of gastric cancer in 457,521 European participants of the UK Biobank cohort. Finally, the performance of the fPRS in combination with lifestyle factors were evaluated in predicting the risk of gastric cancer. RESULTS: During 4,582,045 person-years of follow-up with a total of 623 incident gastric cancer cases, we found no significant association between the PRS-112 and gastric cancer risk in the European population (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.00 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.93-1.09], P = 0.846). We identified 125 fSNPs, including seven deleterious protein-coding SNPs and 118 regulatory non-coding SNPs, and used them to construct the fPRS-125. Our result showed that the fPRS-125 was significantly associated with gastric cancer risk (HR = 1.11 [95% CI, 1.03-1.20], P = 0.009). Compared to participants with a low fPRS-125 (bottom quintile), those with a high fPRS-125 (top quintile) had a higher risk of incident gastric cancer (HR = 1.43 [95% CI, 1.12-1.84], P = 0.005). Moreover, we observed that participants with both an unfavorable lifestyle and a high genetic risk had the highest risk of incident gastric cancer (HR = 4.99 [95% CI, 1.55-16.10], P = 0.007) compared to those with both a favorable lifestyle and a low genetic risk. CONCLUSION These results indicate that the fPRS-125 derived from fSNPs may act as an indicator to measure the genetic risk of gastric cancer in the European population.
Humans ; Prospective Studies ; Stomach Neoplasms/genetics* ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease/genetics* ; Risk Factors ; Multifactorial Inheritance/genetics* ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide/genetics* ; Genome-Wide Association Study