Objective To investigate the gene-expression profile in kidney of rats during late sepsis (24hours) by using microarray technology in order to offer some clue to revealing the pathogenetic mechanism of sepsis at gene level. Method A total of 30 Wistar rats were selected and divided into model group and control group randomly(random number). The rats of control group were sham operated and the rats of model group received cecal ligature and puncture (CLP) operation. The biomarkers of renal function were assayed and the histopathological changes of kidney in rats were observed under transmission electron microscope 24 hours after operation. Gene chips containing 22 107 rat-genes cDNA were used to exmine gene-expression in kidney of septic rats to sieve the genes with different expressions with software. Data were analyzed by using SPSS version 11.0 software package.Statistical analyses of two independent samples carried out by using t -test. Results Compared with the control group, the levels of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine (Cr) of sepsis group were higher (P ＜ 0.01 ). The histopathological changes in kidney of rats demonstrated the establishment of sepsis model successful 24 hours later.Compared with the control group, there were 325 genes with differential expression in model group. Among the known-functional genes, there were 100 up-regulated and 64 down-regulated. Sorted by biological function, the genes were mainly related to metabolism, immunoresponse, cellular signal transduction, apoptosis, ion channel,growth factor and so on. Conclusions A sequence of genes expressed differentially in kidney of rats with late sepsis. Microarray technology played an important role in the research into sepsis mechanisms.

According to the study experience when the author was invited as a visiting scholar in Edinburgh Napier University,also based on the further discussion with local research team members of stroke,the author would like to introduce the multidisciplinary research team with same professional field being established in Scotland,finally in order to give us inspiration how to develop an efficient,long-term and stable research team in China,and which model whether local universities innovative research team or innovative regional research team is much more suitable for our country.The author had participated in stroke team research activities during the Edinburgh Napier University visit;and have some basic understanding to their research ideas and patterns of work after communication and exchanging ideas with team members.Particularly,multidisciplinary research collaboration model based on voluntary organization across entire Scotland is worth to learn for us.It also would inspire the university research terms in their construction in China.

Objective To understand the condition of anxiety and analyze the influencing factors related to anxiety among nurses working in department of infectious diseases.Methods 206 nurses from 6 third class hospitals in Wenzhou were selected by simple random sampling method.A survey was carried out by using the socio-demo-graphic information questionnaire,working conditions questionnaire,self-rating anxiety scale and social support rating scale.Results The SAS score among nurses ranged from 36 to 72 points,and the average score was (48.32 ± 12.06)points,which was higher than the norm SAS value(t=14.39,P<0.01).The percentage of anxiety was about 55.33%.The percentage of moderate and severe anxiety was 16.51%.The main factors related to the anxiety among nurses were age(t=11.34,P<0.01),working years(t=5.68,P<0.01),moonlit night shift(t=4.42,P<0.05), worrying about making mistakes(t=7.18,P<0.01),worrying about occupational exposure(t=19.93,P<0.01) and nursing management of much criticism(t=5.68,P<0.01).Conclusion The condition of anxiety was serious among nurses working in department of infectious diseases.Interventions should be taken to reduce the anxiety level among nurses.

Objective To deepen and promote the development of nursing higher education internationalization through the analyzation of the status,existing problems and future trends of research about nursing higher education.Methods Searching literatures in China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI),VIP and WANFANG databases from 1984 until 2014.Results 79 references were selected from 44 journals and the numbers increased each year.69.62％ (55/79) of them were accepted by statistical source core journals and 54.43％ (43/79) of them were funded.The authors came from 19 provinces.There were only 4 articles reported international education about graduates and most of them were about undergraduate students.The main reformation measures included curriculum and english teaching reform et al.Conclusions The educator paid more attention to nursing higher education internationalization than before,also the policy's support and the quality of literatures were optimistic.However,the breadth,depth and integrity of research should be strengthened in future.

Objective To explore the effect of action research based on group learning in hospice care module for nursing students. Methods 82 students were divided into cooperative learning group (40) and conventional teaching group (42). The cognition and attitude of good death questionnaire was used to evaluate teaching effect before and after teaching of hospice care. After teaching, self-feedback and self-feedback questionnaire were made to evaluate the effect of cooperative learning group. SPSS 17 was used to make comparison of data between groups and within groups, and t test, chi square test or Fisher exact probability 2 were also used . Results There were no difference between two groups of nurses before teaching. The students' cognitive level and attitude in cooperative learning group increased significantly, especially their cognitive level of physiological needs (t=5.398, P=0.001), cognition and attitude of death education in intervention group was higher than control group (t=2.992, P=0.004; t=3.661, P=0.001). Although 95% of the nursing students of the cooperative learning group thought group cooperative studying could improve their interests and cultivated their comprehensive abilities, only 50% could accept this kind of studying methods . Conclusions Action research based on group cooperative studying can improve students' cognitive level and attitude of good death, and it is also good for cultivating their ability of au-tonomous learning, innovation, cooperation, and meanwhile, educational action research is a good way to improve both teaching effect and research ability of teacher staffs, but in practice, students' acceptance of group learning needs to be improved.

Objective To investigate the intervention effect of motivational interviewing health education based on trans-theoretical model to hospitalized patients with cerebral infarction on their healthy diet cognition and behavior change.Methods 60 patients with cerebral infarction were selected with convenient sampling method,and in accordance with the incorporating order randomly divided them into the intervention group and the control group,each with 30 cases.The intervention group received the motivational interviewing health education based on the trans-theoretical model,which mainly focused on a healthy diet,while the control group received regular health diet education.The intervention effect was compared between two groups.Results The comparative difference of baseline data between the two groups before intervention had no statistical significance,while after intervention the change on knowledge and attitude of these two groups both had statistical significance,but the intervention group improved more obviously than the control group; In regards to behavior change phrase,comparing the healthy eating behavior phase of the intervention group patients before and after the intervention,it was found that before the intervention only 4 cases were on the stage of about-to-change,accounting for 13.3％,but after the intervention the proportion was up to 40.0％ with 12 cases.Using chi-square test to compare the behavior phrase difference of the patients before and after the intervention,the difference was statistically significant.Conclusions Motivational interviewing technique based on the trans-theoretical model is an effective method in terms of cognitive and behavioral change,and the health education will improve the cognition on healthy diet and the behavior of the hospitalized patients with cerebral infarction.

Objective To analyse the adherence of community-dwelling stroke survivors to functional exercise regimens and explore the influencing factors.Then to establish measures to improve the situation.Methods A total of 208 stroke survivors from 10 communities were randomly recruited.Four questionnaires-a general information questionnaire,an exercise adherence questionnaire,a self-efficacy perceptions scale and a perceived social support scale-were administered.Results The mean adherence score was 34.71 ± 8.45 and the mean adherence rate was 61.98％.The compliance to physical exercise,seeking advice positively and exercise effectiveness monitoring scores ranged from highest to lowest in order.Self-efficacy perceptions and perceived social support were both positively correlated with the adherence rate.Multiple linear regression showed that the influencing factors included self efficacy perceptions,social support perceptions,self-care ability and age.Conclusions The community stroke survivors' exercise adherence was moderate in general,but it could be improved by increasing their self-efficacy and social support perceptions and their self-care ability.

Objective To explore the effect of quality control circle (QCC) in reducing the health examination report errors. Methods QCC was founded, activity themes were selected, activity schedule was planned, the reasons of health examination report errors were analyzed, goal setting, countermeasures were planned and implemented jointly by circle members. Totally 11 738 reports of health checkup were selected and analyzed the errors were analyzed during the activity, 6 892 were male, 4 846 were female, their average age was(38.01 ± 11.31)years, 5 000 reports were made before improvement, 5 120 reports during improvement, 1 618 reports after improvement and compared the report error rates were compared. Evaluation of QCC activity results and tracking effect were evaluated. Results Error rate of health checkup report from 17.80‰ decreased to 7.23‰ during improvement, dropped to 2.48‰ after improvement. The rate of standard was 141.9%, progress rate was 86.1%. Tracking results for 8 months, error rate remained below the target value of 3.40‰although error rate roise to 5.25‰in August 2016, the effect was good. The additional benefit, working efficiency of the doctors was improved; Average time for each written report was reduced to 4 minutes from 5 minutes;Saved about 1 hours per person a day to review the accuracy of the report and learning; Formed“communication model between clinical departments”;Established the error registration system for the report has been distributed;Similar error of ECG department has been avoided. Conclusions Application of QCC not only reduced the error rate of the health checkup report, but also ensured quality, objective, and accurate physical examination report; activities not merely help to improve the work efficiency of physician, team's mutual cooperation, and is beneficial to optimize the system of medical institution and avoid the error.

The negative experience such as burden and positive experience such as benefits may engender in caregivers in the process of caring for stroke patients,which present both mutual independence and coexistence.Negative experience was paid more attention,but positive experience received less.The article analyzed the current situation of assessment in care burden of stroke patients' caregivers,summarized the shortcomings,made suggestions.Based on these summaries,the care benefits were suggested to do research on three levels (individual,family and social).

Objective To investigate the relationship between positive experience and social support of spouses' of community stroke patients.Methods 100 stroke patients and their spouses in two communities were conveniently selected and investigated about their positive experience and social support with General Information Questionnaire (GIQ),Modified Barthel Index(MBI),Positive Aspects of Caregiver (PAC),Perceived Social Support Scale (PSSS).Results The mean score of the spouses' positive experience was (22.74±5.85); the dimension of serf-affirmation was (15.82±3.84),higher than the dimension of life expectation(6.92±2.95).The scores of the spouses' positive experience were significantly different among age,gender,education of spouses and age and ability of daily life of stroke patients; the score of the spouses' positive experience was positively correlated with social support,subjective support,utility of support;multiple linear regression showed that age of spouses,ability of daily life of stroke patients and utility of support were influential important factors of spouses' positive experience.Conclusions The spouses' positive experience was below average level,we must pay more attention to improve it,utility of support can improve spouses' positive experience.